hCE+ was developed in 2012 by CardsApp1 in order to enforce certain security policies such as online credit card tokenization and PIN code entry upon contactless payments.
"CardsApp's Official Blog | "Host Card Emulation" (HCE) - Explained". Archived from the original on 2015-02-27. Retrieved 2015-03-04. https://archive.today/20150227042848/http://blog.cardsapp.com/post/host-card-emulation-hce-explained ↩