OK Computer

<h2 id="background">Background</h2>

In 1995, Radiohead toured in support of their second album, <a href="/facts/The_Bends_(album)/42p4RCTX">The Bends</a> (1995). Midway through the tour, <a href="/facts/Brian_Eno/rMN10pwo">Brian Eno</a> commissioned them to contribute a song to <a href="/facts/The_Help_Album/hH13MEJe">The Help Album</a>, a <a href="/facts/Charity_record/CC6vSu0c">charity compilation</a> organised by <a href="/facts/War_Child_(charity)/XIqMMxQm">War Child</a>; the album was to be recorded over the course of a single day, 4 September 1995, and rush-released that week.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1">1</a> Radiohead recorded "<a href="/facts/Lucky_(Radiohead_song)/tUk9uyhS">Lucky</a>" in five hours with <a href="/facts/Nigel_Godrich/2MnvlxGn">Nigel Godrich</a>, who had engineered The Bends and produced several Radiohead <a href="/facts/A-side_and_B-side/b3X26oFc">B-sides</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2">2</a> Godrich said of the session: "Those things are the most inspiring, when you do stuff really fast and there's nothing to lose. We left feeling fairly euphoric. So after establishing a bit of a rapport work-wise, I was sort of hoping I would be involved with the next album."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3">3</a> The singer, <a href="/facts/Thom_Yorke/R9UeL4WM">Thom Yorke</a>, said "Lucky" shaped the nascent sound and mood of their upcoming record:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4">4</a> "'Lucky' was indicative of what we wanted to do. It was like the first mark on the wall."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a>
Radiohead found touring stressful and took a break in January 1996.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a> They sought to move away from the introspective style of The Bends. The drummer, <a href="/facts/Philip_Selway/JlpvkBmg">Philip Selway</a>, said: "There was an awful lot of soul-searching [on The Bends]. To do that again on another album would be excruciatingly boring."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a> Yorke said he did not want to do "another miserable, morbid and negative record", and was "writing down all the positive things that I hear or see. I'm not able to put them into music yet and I don't want to just force it."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a>
The critical and commercial success of The Bends gave Radiohead the confidence to self-produce their third album.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a> Their label, <a href="/facts/Parlophone/NVn0PyMw">Parlophone</a>, gave them a £100,000 budget for recording equipment.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a> The lead guitarist, <a href="/facts/Jonny_Greenwood/CpznQpHv">Jonny Greenwood</a>, said "the only concept that we had for this album was that we wanted to record it away from the city and that we wanted to record it ourselves".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a> According to the guitarist <a href="/facts/Ed_O%2527Brien/TkIU8FMU">Ed O'Brien</a>, "Everyone said, 'You'll sell six or seven million if you bring out The Bends Pt 2,' and we're like, 'We'll kick against that and do the opposite'."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a> A number of producers were suggested, including major figures such as <a href="/facts/Scott_Litt/HvtTPHVt">Scott Litt</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a> but Radiohead were encouraged by their sessions with Godrich.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15">15</a> They consulted him for advice on equipment,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16">16</a> and prepared for the sessions by buying their own, including a <a href="/facts/Plate_reverb/188vPg1A">plate reverberator</a> purchased from the songwriter <a href="/facts/Jona_Lewie/qPm8P6oa">Jona Lewie</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17">17</a> Although Godrich had sought to focus on <a href="/facts/Electronic_dance_music/5KDaMNG8">electronic dance music</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18">18</a> he outgrew his role as advisor and became the album's co-producer.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a>

<h2 id="recording">Recording</h2>
In early 1996, Radiohead recorded demos at <a href="/facts/Chipping_Norton_Recording_Studios/L5d3At9G">Chipping Norton Recording Studios</a>, Oxfordshire.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a> In July, they began rehearsing and recording in their Canned Applause studio, a converted shed near <a href="/facts/Didcot/NtfLFXkX">Didcot</a>, Oxfordshire.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a> Even without the deadline that contributed to the stress of The Bends,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a> the band had difficulties, which Selway blamed on their choice to self-produce: "We're jumping from song to song, and when we started to run out of ideas, we'd move on to a new song ... The stupid thing was that we were nearly finished when we'd move on, because so much work had gone into them."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23">23</a>
The members worked with nearly equal roles in the production and formation of the music, though Yorke was still firmly "the loudest voice", according to O'Brien.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24">24</a> Selway said, "We give each other an awful lot of space to develop our parts, but at the same time we are all very critical about what the other person is doing."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25">25</a> Godrich's role as co-producer was part collaborator and part managerial outsider. He said that Radiohead "need to have another person outside their unit, especially when they're all playing together, to say when the take goes well ... I take up slack when people aren't taking responsibility—the term 'producing a record' means taking responsibility for the record ... It's my job to ensure that they get the ideas across."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26">26</a> Godrich has produced every Radiohead album since, and has been characterised as Radiohead's "sixth member", an allusion to <a href="/facts/George_Martin/lLx2W3Cp">George Martin</a>'s nickname as the "<a href="/facts/Fifth_Beatle/9uLpYmyT">fifth Beatle</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27">27</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28">28</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29">29</a>
Radiohead decided that Canned Applause was an unsatisfactory recording location, which Yorke attributed to its proximity to the band members' homes, and Jonny Greenwood attributed to its lack of dining and bathroom facilities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30">30</a> The group had nearly completed four songs: "Electioneering", "<a href="/facts/No_Surprises/3odoyq7v">No Surprises</a>", "Subterranean Homesick Alien" and "The Tourist".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31">31</a> They took a break from recording to embark on an American tour in 1996, opening for <a href="/facts/Alanis_Morissette/DXI5QvyA">Alanis Morissette</a>, performing early versions of several new songs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32">32</a> Jonny Greenwood said his main memory of the tour was of "playing interminable <a href="/facts/Hammond_organ/1Xr2Ia2c">Hammond organ</a> solos to an audience full of quietly despairing teenage girls".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33">33</a>
During the tour, <a href="/facts/Baz_Luhrmann/s6dB0nQ0">Baz Luhrmann</a> commissioned Radiohead to write a song for his upcoming film <a href="/facts/Romeo_%252B_Juliet/tzX9dMXu">Romeo + Juliet</a> and gave them the final 30 minutes of the film. Yorke said: "When we saw the scene in which <a href="/facts/Claire_Danes/K7MsHePs">Claire Danes</a> holds the <a href="/facts/M1911_pistol/Wzb4l1cz">Colt .45</a> against her head, we started working on the song immediately."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34">34</a> Soon afterwards, Radiohead wrote and recorded "Exit Music (For a Film)", which plays over the film's end credits but was excluded from the <a href="/facts/Romeo_%252B_Juliet_(soundtrack)/ULAd7nIl">soundtrack album</a> at their request.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35">35</a> The song helped shape the direction of the rest of the album. Yorke said it "was the first performance we'd ever recorded where every note of it made my head spin—something I was proud of, something I could turn up really, really loud and not wince at any moment."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36">36</a>

Radiohead resumed recording in September 1996 at <a href="/facts/St_Catherine%2527s_Court/Gcly2RKj">St Catherine's Court</a>, a historic mansion near <a href="/facts/Bath%2c_Somerset/mHppKuoG">Bath</a> owned by the actress <a href="/facts/Jane_Seymour_(actress)/8C8oc6op">Jane Seymour</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37">37</a> It was unoccupied but sometimes used for corporate functions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38">38</a> The change of setting marked an important transition in the recording process. Greenwood said it "was less like a laboratory experiment, which is what being in a studio is usually like, and more about a group of people making their first record together".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39">39</a> 
The band made extensive use of the different rooms and acoustics in the house. The vocals on "Exit Music (For a Film)" feature natural <a href="/facts/Reverberation/188vPg1A">reverberation</a> achieved by recording on a stone staircase, and "<a href="/facts/Let_Down_(Radiohead_song)/Ifpg5Jw3">Let Down</a>" was recorded in a ballroom at 3 am.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40">40</a> Isolation allowed the band to work at a different pace, with more flexible and spontaneous working hours. O'Brien said that "the biggest pressure was actually completing [the recording]. We weren't given any deadlines and we had complete freedom to do what we wanted. We were delaying it because we were a bit frightened of actually finishing stuff."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41">41</a> 
Yorke was satisfied with the recordings made at the house, and enjoyed working without <a href="/facts/Stem_mixing_and_mastering/KkD8Gykh">audio separation</a>, meaning that instruments were not <a href="/facts/Overdubbing/9BmXfGuK">overdubbed</a> separately.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42">42</a> O'Brien estimated that 80 per cent of the album was recorded live,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43">43</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44">44</a> and said: "I hate doing overdubs, because it just doesn't feel natural. ... Something special happens when you're playing live; a lot of it is just looking at one another and knowing there are four other people making it happen."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45">45</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46">46</a> Many of Yorke's vocals were first takes; he felt that if he made other attempts he would "start to think about it and it would sound really lame".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47">47</a>
Radiohead returned to Canned Applause in October for rehearsals,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48">48</a> and completed most of OK Computer in further sessions at St. Catherine's Court. By Christmas, they had narrowed the track listing to 14 songs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49">49</a> Additional recording took place at <a href="/facts/The_Church_Studios/bLTY3WJo">the Church</a> in <a href="/facts/Crouch_End/rVyED2C9">Crouch End</a>, London.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50">50</a> The <a href="/facts/String_section/3ALVzGrG">strings</a> were recorded at <a href="/facts/Abbey_Road_Studios/mVvMxcHP">Abbey Road Studios</a> in London in January 1997. Godrich <a href="/facts/Audio_mixing_(recorded_music)/zDG6EgcS">mixed</a> OK Computer at various London studios.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51">51</a> He preferred a quick and "hands-off" approach to mixing, and said: "I feel like I get too into it. I start fiddling with things and I fuck it up ... I generally take about half a day to do a mix. If it's any longer than that, you lose it. The hardest thing is trying to stay fresh, to stay objective."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52">52</a> OK Computer was <a href="/facts/Audio_mastering/2EG4KMxC">mastered</a> by Chris Blair at Abbey Road<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53">53</a> and completed on 6 March 1997.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54">54</a>

<h2 id="music-and-lyrics">Music and lyrics</h2>
<h3>Style and influences</h3>

Yorke said Radiohead's starting point was the "incredibly dense and terrifying sound" of <a href="/facts/Bitches_Brew/xt9zzS7w">Bitches Brew</a>, the 1970 <a href="/facts/Avant-garde_jazz/s6HMd7eL">avant-garde</a> <a href="/facts/Jazz_fusion/c3Qpywpq">jazz fusion</a> album by <a href="/facts/Miles_Davis/sywS2Krc">Miles Davis</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55">55</a> He said: "It was building something up and watching it fall apart, that's the beauty of it. It was at the core of what we were trying to do with OK Computer."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56">56</a> Yorke identified "I'll Wear It Proudly" by <a href="/facts/Elvis_Costello/MuGVS0SD">Elvis Costello</a>, "<a href="/facts/Fall_on_Me_(R.E.M._song)/otX864UF">Fall on Me</a>" by <a href="/facts/R.E.M./vshQTmmg">R.E.M.</a>, "<a href="/facts/Dress_(PJ_Harvey_song)/5CG6acQR">Dress</a>" by <a href="/facts/PJ_Harvey/ga9wAhuz">PJ Harvey</a> and "<a href="/facts/A_Day_in_the_Life/HFHLts82">A Day in the Life</a>" by the <a href="/facts/The_Beatles/2syHWLcM">Beatles</a> as particularly influential.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57">57</a> Radiohead drew further inspiration from the <a href="/facts/Film_soundtrack/sMBc8Cp8">film soundtrack</a> composer <a href="/facts/Ennio_Morricone/oCDtDq8s">Ennio Morricone</a> and the <a href="/facts/Krautrock/e5GoRdV6">krautrock</a> band <a href="/facts/Can_(band)/UGHBfFLq">Can</a>, musicians Yorke described as "abusing the recording process".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58">58</a> Jonny Greenwood described OK Computer as a product of being "in love with all these brilliant records ... trying to recreate them, and missing".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59">59</a>
According to Yorke, Radiohead hoped to achieve an "atmosphere that's perhaps a bit shocking when you first hear it, but only as shocking as the atmosphere on the <a href="/facts/The_Beach_Boys/6CdaMJwW">Beach Boys</a>' <a href="/facts/Pet_Sounds/74MESBtf">Pet Sounds</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60">60</a> They extended their instrumentation to include <a href="/facts/Electric_piano/pdzr9bVM">electric piano</a>, <a href="/facts/Mellotron/3rYof9Lg">Mellotron</a>, and <a href="/facts/Glockenspiel/tt7BMh4y">glockenspiel</a>. Jonny Greenwood summarised the exploratory approach as "when we've got what we suspect to be an amazing song, but nobody knows what they're gonna play on it".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61">61</a> <a href="/facts/Spin_(magazine)/tCLvAj2N">Spin</a> said OK Computer sounded like "a DIY <a href="/facts/Electronica/clnaT6vm">electronica</a> album made with guitars".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62">62</a>
Critics suggested a stylistic debt to 1970s <a href="/facts/Progressive_rock/79MRoIU7">progressive rock</a>, an influence that Radiohead have disavowed.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63">63</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64">64</a> According to Andy Greene in Rolling Stone, Radiohead "were collectively hostile to seventies progressive rock ... but that didn't stop them from reinventing prog from scratch on OK Computer, particularly on the six-and-a-half-minute 'Paranoid Android'."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65">65</a> <a href="/facts/Tom_Hull_(critic)/1DTu9HXw">Tom Hull</a> believed the album was "still prog, but may just be because rock has so thoroughly enveloped musical storytelling that this sort of thing has become inevitable."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66">66</a> Writing in 2017, <a href="/facts/The_New_Yorker/2RfeBrsR">The New Yorker</a>'s <a href="/facts/Kelefa_Sanneh/TgL1jr6V">Kelefa Sanneh</a> said OK Computer "was profoundly prog: grand and dystopian, with a lead single that was more than six minutes long".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67">67</a>

<h3>Lyrics</h3>
The album's lyrics, written by Yorke, are more abstract compared to his personal, emotional lyrics for The Bends. Critic <a href="/facts/Alex_Ross_(music_critic)/jB7odxU9">Alex Ross</a> said the lyrics "seemed a mixture of overheard conversations, <a href="/facts/Technobabble/FGNV9CjJ">techno-speak</a>, and fragments of a harsh diary" with "images of <a href="/facts/Riot_control/fLPhtA54">riot police</a> at political rallies, anguished lives in tidy suburbs, <a href="/facts/Yuppie/ugNce0x0">yuppies</a> freaking out, sympathetic aliens gliding overhead."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68">68</a> Recurring themes include transport, technology, insanity, death, modern British life, <a href="/facts/Globalisation/0locjSHH">globalisation</a> and <a href="/facts/Anti-capitalism/UWDht7eJ">anti-capitalism</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69">69</a> Yorke said: "On this album, the outside world became all there was ... I'm just taking <a href="/facts/Instant_camera/bVtWwq2a">Polaroids</a> of things around me moving too fast."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70">70</a> He told Q: "It was like there's a secret camera in a room and it's watching the character who walks in—a different character for each song. The camera's not quite me. It's neutral, emotionless. But not emotionless at all. In fact, the very opposite."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71">71</a> Yorke also drew inspiration from books, including <a href="/facts/Noam_Chomsky/3rtpzlER">Noam Chomsky</a>'s political writing,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72">72</a> <a href="/facts/Eric_Hobsbawm/FIEL5Qay">Eric Hobsbawm</a>'s <a href="/facts/The_Age_of_Extremes/4jWyAJsx">The Age of Extremes</a>, <a href="/facts/Will_Hutton/GV7rBaY7">Will Hutton</a>'s The State We're In, <a href="/facts/Jonathan_Coe/PjEfVBMK">Jonathan Coe</a>'s <a href="/facts/What_a_Carve_Up!_(novel)/nxQuHnLq">What a Carve Up!</a> and <a href="/facts/Philip_K._Dick/9at9kt0N">Philip K. Dick</a>'s <a href="/facts/VALIS/zhJtHIx5">VALIS</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73">73</a>
The songs of OK Computer do not have a coherent narrative, and the album's lyrics are generally considered abstract or oblique. Nonetheless, many musical critics, journalists, and scholars consider the album to be a <a href="/facts/Concept_album/QAyolfv8">concept album</a> or <a href="/facts/Song_cycle/Y9CBUfv4">song cycle</a>, or have analysed it as a concept album, noting its strong thematic cohesion, aesthetic unity, and the structural logic of the song sequencing.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74">74</a> Although the songs share common themes, Radiohead have said they do not consider OK Computer a concept album and did not intend to link the songs through a narrative or unifying concept while it was being written.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75">75</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76">76</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77">77</a> Jonny Greenwood said: "I think one album title and one computer voice do not make a concept album. That's a bit of a red herring."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78">78</a> However, the band intended the album to be heard as a whole, and spent two weeks ordering the track list. O'Brien said: "The context of each song is really important ... It's not a concept album but there is a continuity there."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79">79</a>

<h3>Composition</h3>
<h4>Tracks 1–6</h4>

The opening track, "Airbag", is underpinned by a beat built from a seconds-long recording of Selway's drumming. The band sampled the drum track with a <a href="/facts/Sampler_(musical_instrument)/BVGHPATc">sampler</a> and edited it with a <a href="/facts/Macintosh/8GhnXTK0">Macintosh</a> computer, inspired by the music of <a href="/facts/DJ_Shadow/yY3VoeBd">DJ Shadow</a>, but admitted to making approximations in emulating Shadow's style due to their programming inexperience.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80">80</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81">81</a> The bassline stops and starts unexpectedly, achieving an effect similar to 1970s <a href="/facts/Dub_music/Pb0wQdUK">dub</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82">82</a> The original draft of the lyrics for "Airbag" were written inside a copy of <a href="/facts/William_Blake/YQMnyh0G">William Blake</a>'s <a href="/facts/Songs_of_Innocence_and_of_Experience/XSzk20Vx">Songs of Innocence and of Experience</a> that Yorke had also annotated with his own notes; this personal copy was later auctioned off by Yorke in 2016 with proceeds going to <a href="/facts/Oxfam/rvUukVzl">Oxfam</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83">83</a> The song's references to automobile crashes and <a href="/facts/Reincarnation/vITGGNlT">reincarnation</a> were inspired by a magazine article titled "An Airbag Saved My Life" and <a href="/facts/The_Tibetan_Book_of_the_Dead/aAbdGLbJ">The Tibetan Book of the Dead</a>. Yorke wrote "Airbag" about the illusion of safety offered by modern transit, and "the idea that whenever you go out on the road you could be killed".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84">84</a> The BBC wrote about the influence of <a href="/facts/J._G._Ballard/BMK6v8uQ">J. G. Ballard</a>, especially his 1973 novel <a href="/facts/Crash_(J._G._Ballard_novel)/hsKgCeHU">Crash</a>, on the lyrics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85">85</a> Music journalist <a href="/facts/Tim_Footman/vjPbtRJS">Tim Footman</a> noted that the song's technical innovations and lyrical concerns demonstrated the "key paradox" of the album: "The musicians and producer are delighting in the sonic possibilities of modern technology; the singer, meanwhile, is railing against its social, moral, and psychological impact ... It's a contradiction mirrored in the culture clash of the music, with the 'real' guitars negotiating an uneasy stand-off with the hacked-up, processed drums."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86">86</a>
Split into four sections with an overall running time of 6:23, "<a href="/facts/Paranoid_Android/KuTdlkCt">Paranoid Android</a>" is among the band's longest songs. The unconventional structure was inspired by the Beatles' "<a href="/facts/Happiness_Is_a_Warm_Gun/IfGyeLo0">Happiness Is a Warm Gun</a>" and <a href="/facts/Queen_(band)/J425pBjw">Queen</a>'s "<a href="/facts/Bohemian_Rhapsody/4WWKyGEg">Bohemian Rhapsody</a>", which also eschew a traditional <a href="/facts/Verse%25E2%2580%2593chorus_form/9wkDkCs7">verse-chorus-verse</a> structure.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87">87</a> Its musical style was also inspired by the music of the <a href="/facts/Pixies_(band)/26WCypPz">Pixies</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88">88</a> The song was written by Yorke after an unpleasant night at a Los Angeles bar, where he saw a woman react violently after someone spilled a drink on her.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89">89</a> Its title and lyrics are a reference to <a href="/facts/Marvin_the_Paranoid_Android/woF1kqLI">Marvin the Paranoid Android</a> from <a href="/facts/Douglas_Adams/XA184SfE">Douglas Adams</a>'s <a href="/facts/The_Hitchhiker%2527s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy/kjdI0N8o">The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy</a> series.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90">90</a>
The use of electric keyboards in "Subterranean Homesick Alien" is an example of the band's attempts to emulate the atmosphere of Bitches Brew.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91">91</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92">92</a> Its title references the <a href="/facts/Bob_Dylan/WcaUqWBj">Bob Dylan</a> song "<a href="/facts/Subterranean_Homesick_Blues/33sbmQNR">Subterranean Homesick Blues</a>", and the lyrics describe an isolated narrator who fantasises about being <a href="/facts/Abduction_phenomenon/HGN2muTr">abducted</a> by <a href="/facts/Extraterrestrial_life/arxCPFTQ">extraterrestrials</a>. The narrator speculates that, upon returning to Earth, his friends would not believe his story and he would remain a misfit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93">93</a> The lyrics were inspired by an assignment from Yorke's time at <a href="/facts/Abingdon_School/GW1STF6r">Abingdon School</a> to write a piece of "<a href="/facts/Martian_poetry/2EbsN3uS">Martian poetry</a>", a British literary movement that humorously recontextualises mundane aspects of human life from an alien perspective.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94">94</a>
<a href="/facts/William_Shakespeare/ohI96JTv">William Shakespeare</a>'s <a href="/facts/Romeo_and_Juliet/7dMuGpte">Romeo and Juliet</a> inspired the lyrics for "Exit Music (For a Film)".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95">95</a> Initially Yorke wanted to work lines from the play into the song, but the final draft of the lyrics became a broad summary of the narrative.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96">96</a> He said: "I saw <a href="/facts/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1968_film)/E4xzJCKr">the Zeffirelli version</a> when I was 13 and I cried my eyes out, because I couldn't understand why, the morning after they shagged, they didn't just run away. It's a song for two people who should run away before all the bad stuff starts."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97">97</a> Yorke compared the opening of the song, which mostly features his singing paired with acoustic guitar, to <a href="/facts/Johnny_Cash/65dkThvP">Johnny Cash</a>'s <a href="/facts/At_Folsom_Prison/wXHxqjvI">At Folsom Prison</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98">98</a> <a href="/facts/Mellotron/3rYof9Lg">Mellotron</a> choir and other electronic voices are used throughout the track.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99">99</a> The song climaxes with the entrance of drums<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100">100</a> and distorted bass run through a <a href="/facts/Distortion_(music)/gdQ51JHv">fuzz pedal</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101">101</a> The climactic portion of the song is an attempt to emulate the sound of <a href="/facts/Trip_hop/4E6qaJbX">trip hop</a> group <a href="/facts/Portishead_(band)/xhxy8F0w">Portishead</a>, but in a style that the bassist, <a href="/facts/Colin_Greenwood/FIsn7hgB">Colin Greenwood</a>, called more "stilted and leaden and mechanical".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102">102</a> The song concludes by fading back to Yorke's voice, acoustic guitar and Mellotron.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103">103</a>
"<a href="/facts/Let_Down_(Radiohead_song)/Ifpg5Jw3">Let Down</a>" contains multilayered <a href="/facts/Arpeggio/TNDg3PMw">arpeggiated</a> guitars and electric piano. Jonny Greenwood plays his guitar part in a different <a href="/facts/Time_signature/kwQcWg1P">time signature</a> to the other instruments.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104">104</a> O'Brien said the song was influenced by <a href="/facts/Phil_Spector/SuAgFztt">Phil Spector</a>, a producer and songwriter best known for his reverberating "<a href="/facts/Wall_of_Sound/rj5vRY8T">Wall of Sound</a>" recording techniques.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105">105</a> The lyrics, Yorke said, are about a fear of being trapped,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106">106</a> and "about that feeling that you get when you're in transit but you're not in control of it—you just go past thousands of places and thousands of people and you're completely removed from it".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107">107</a> Of the line "Don't get sentimental / It always ends up drivel", Yorke said: "Sentimentality is being emotional for the sake of it. We're bombarded with sentiment, people emoting. That's the Let Down. Feeling every emotion is fake. Or rather every emotion is on the same plane whether it's a car advert or a pop song."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108">108</a> Yorke felt that scepticism of emotion was characteristic of <a href="/facts/Generation_X/MVSng0FS">Generation X</a> and that it had informed the band's approach to the album.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109">109</a>
"<a href="/facts/Karma_Police/TQ2DdhMs">Karma Police</a>" has two main verses that alternate with a subdued break, followed by a different ending section.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110">110</a> The verses centre around acoustic guitar and piano,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111">111</a> with a chord progression indebted to the Beatles' "<a href="/facts/Sexy_Sadie/0qeda8YP">Sexy Sadie</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:112" href="#fn:112">112</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:113" href="#fn:113">113</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:114" href="#fn:114">114</a> Starting at 2:34, the song transitions into an orchestrated section with the repeated line "For a minute there, I lost myself".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:115" href="#fn:115">115</a> It ends with <a href="/facts/Audio_feedback/NaMWquWb">feedback</a> generated with a <a href="/facts/Delay_(audio_effect)/t2UR7gHI">delay</a> effect.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:116" href="#fn:116">116</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:117" href="#fn:117">117</a> The title and lyrics to "Karma Police" originate from an <a href="/facts/In-joke/T7pUY8nA">in-joke</a> during The Bends tour; Jonny Greenwood said "whenever someone was behaving in a particularly shitty way, we'd say 'The <a href="/facts/Karma/lI4wDYby">karma</a> police will catch up with him sooner or later.'"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:118" href="#fn:118">118</a>

<h4>Tracks 7–12</h4>

"Fitter Happier" is a short <a href="/facts/Musique_concr%25C3%25A8te/NkJW91oM">musique concrète</a> track that consists of sampled musical and background sound and spoken-word lyrics recited by "Fred",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:119" href="#fn:119">119</a> a <a href="/facts/Speech_synthesis/ceTczTv9">synthesised voice</a> from the Macintosh <a href="/facts/SimpleText/3uwN0Csd">SimpleText</a> application.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:120" href="#fn:120">120</a> Yorke wrote the lyrics "in ten minutes" after a period of <a href="/facts/Writer%2527s_block/vkxnS9kY">writer's block</a> while the rest of the band were playing.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:121" href="#fn:121">121</a> He described the words as a checklist of slogans for the 1990s; he considered it "the most upsetting thing I've ever written",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:122" href="#fn:122">122</a> and said it was "liberating" to give the words to a neutral-sounding computer voice.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:123" href="#fn:123">123</a> Among the samples in the background is a loop from the 1975 film <a href="/facts/Three_Days_of_the_Condor/eWtd1GHD">Three Days of the Condor</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:124" href="#fn:124">124</a> The band considered using "Fitter Happier" as the album's opening track, but decided the effect was off-putting.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:125" href="#fn:125">125</a>
Steve Lowe called the song "penetrating surgery on pseudo-meaningful corporations' lifestyles" with "a repugnance for prevailing yuppified social values".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:126" href="#fn:126">126</a> Among the loosely connected imagery of the lyrics, Footman identified the song's subject as "the materially comfortable, morally empty embodiment of modern, Western humanity, half-salaryman, half-<a href="/facts/The_Stepford_Wives/a8kRBsBF">Stepford Wife</a>, destined for the metaphorical farrowing crate, propped up on <a href="/facts/Fluoxetine/U28lM3Pm">Prozac</a>, <a href="/facts/Sildenafil/2NHe0pwM">Viagra</a> and anything else his insurance plan can cover."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:127" href="#fn:127">127</a> Sam Steele called the lyrics "a stream of received imagery: scraps of media information, interspersed with lifestyle ad slogans and private prayers for a healthier existence. It is the hum of a world buzzing with words, one of the messages seeming to be that we live in such a synthetic universe we have grown unable to detect reality from artifice."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:128" href="#fn:128">128</a>
"Electioneering", featuring a <a href="/facts/Cowbell_(instrument)/DRk10wjs">cowbell</a> and a distorted guitar solo, is the album's most rock-oriented track and one of the heaviest songs Radiohead has recorded.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:129" href="#fn:129">129</a> It has been compared to Radiohead's earlier style on Pablo Honey.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:130" href="#fn:130">130</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:131" href="#fn:131">131</a> The cynical "Electioneering" is the album's most directly political song,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:132" href="#fn:132">132</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:133" href="#fn:133">133</a> with lyrics inspired by the <a href="/facts/Poll_tax_riots/DuEBgd6t">poll tax riots</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:134" href="#fn:134">134</a> The song was also inspired by Chomsky's <a href="/facts/Manufacturing_Consent%3a_The_Political_Economy_of_the_Mass_Media/F11enTF8">Manufacturing Consent</a>, a book analysing contemporary mass media under the <a href="/facts/Propaganda_model/0ynFC4XH">propaganda model</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:135" href="#fn:135">135</a> Yorke likened its lyrics, which focus on political and artistic compromise, to "a preacher ranting in front of a bank of microphones".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:136" href="#fn:136">136</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:137" href="#fn:137">137</a> Regarding its oblique political references, Yorke said, "What can you say about the <a href="/facts/International_Monetary_Fund/tPSTWWS4">IMF</a>, or politicians? Or people selling arms to African countries, employing slave labour or whatever. What can you say? You just write down '<a href="/facts/Cattle_prod/aWFIhQ2X">Cattle prods</a> and the IMF' and people who know, know."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:138" href="#fn:138">138</a> O'Brien said the song was about the promotional cycle of touring: "After a while you feel like a politician who has to kiss babies and shake hands all day long."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:139" href="#fn:139">139</a>

"Climbing Up the Walls" – described by <a href="/facts/Melody_Maker/dKcDEXEj">Melody Maker</a> as "monumental chaos"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:140" href="#fn:140">140</a> – is layered with a string section, ambient noise and repetitive, metallic percussion. The string section, composed by Jonny Greenwood and written for 16 instruments, was inspired by <a href="/facts/20th-century_classical_music/zcKk0ANX">modern classical</a> composer <a href="/facts/Krzysztof_Penderecki/B6nezpUl">Krzysztof Penderecki</a>'s <a href="/facts/Threnody_to_the_Victims_of_Hiroshima/Yz4F0xHG">Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima</a>. Greenwood said, "I got very excited at the prospect of doing string parts that didn't sound like '<a href="/facts/Eleanor_Rigby/QDEFk08o">Eleanor Rigby</a>', which is what all string parts have sounded like for the past 30 years."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:141" href="#fn:141">141</a> <a href="/facts/Select_(magazine)/X8FCfQyf">Select</a> described Yorke's distraught vocals and the <a href="/facts/Atonality/LToI29Xu">atonal</a> strings as "Thom's voice dissolving into a fearful, blood-clotted scream as Jonny whips the sound of a million dying elephants into a crescendo".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:142" href="#fn:142">142</a> For the lyrics, Yorke drew from his time as an orderly in a mental hospital during the <a href="/facts/Care_in_the_Community/WoVRAlKB">Care in the Community</a> policy of <a href="/facts/Deinstitutionalisation/BsNrtN9o">deinstitutionalising</a> mental health patients, and a <a href="/facts/The_New_York_Times/T9marWVX">New York Times</a> article about serial killers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:143" href="#fn:143">143</a> He said:

<blockquote>This is about the unspeakable. Literally skull-crushing. I used to work in a mental hospital around the time that Care in the Community started, and we all just knew what was going to happen. And it's one of the scariest things to happen in this country, because a lot of them weren't just harmless ... It was hailing violently when we recorded this. It seemed to add to the mood.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:144" href="#fn:144">144</a></blockquote>
"<a href="/facts/No_Surprises/3odoyq7v">No Surprises</a>", recorded in a single take,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:145" href="#fn:145">145</a> is arranged with electric guitar (inspired by the Beach Boys' "<a href="/facts/Wouldn%2527t_It_Be_Nice/puYXdx7q">Wouldn't It Be Nice</a>"),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:146" href="#fn:146">146</a> acoustic guitar, glockenspiel and vocal harmonies.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:147" href="#fn:147">147</a> The band strove to replicate the mood of <a href="/facts/Louis_Armstrong/EcRpJ0gw">Louis Armstrong</a>'s 1968 recording of "<a href="/facts/What_a_Wonderful_World/3yBLuuxH">What a Wonderful World</a>" and the soul music of <a href="/facts/Marvin_Gaye/NLquREXY">Marvin Gaye</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:148" href="#fn:148">148</a> Yorke identified the subject of the song as "someone who's trying hard to keep it together but can't".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:149" href="#fn:149">149</a> The lyrics seem to portray a suicide<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:150" href="#fn:150">150</a> or an unfulfilling life, and dissatisfaction with contemporary social and political order.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:151" href="#fn:151">151</a> Some lines refer to rural<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:152" href="#fn:152">152</a> or suburban imagery.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:153" href="#fn:153">153</a> One of the key metaphors in the song is the opening line, "a heart that's full up like a <a href="/facts/Landfill/7K4efGgz">landfill</a>"; according to Yorke, the song is a "fucked-up nursery rhyme" that "stems from my unhealthy obsession of what to do with plastic boxes and plastic bottles ... All this stuff is getting buried, the debris of our lives. It doesn't rot, it just stays there. That's how we deal, that's how I deal with stuff, I bury it."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:154" href="#fn:154">154</a> The song's gentle mood contrasts sharply with its harsh lyrics;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:155" href="#fn:155">155</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:156" href="#fn:156">156</a> Steele said, "even when the subject is suicide ... O'Brien's guitar is as soothing as balm on a red-raw psyche, the song rendered like a bittersweet child's prayer."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:157" href="#fn:157">157</a>
"<a href="/facts/Lucky_(Radiohead_song)/tUk9uyhS">Lucky</a>" was inspired by the <a href="/facts/Bosnian_War/JyRvRtbv">Bosnian War</a>. Sam Taylor said it was "the one track on [The Help Album] to capture the sombre terror of the conflict", and that its serious subject matter and dark tone made the band "too 'real' to be allowed on the Britpop gravy train".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:158" href="#fn:158">158</a> The lyrics were pared down from many pages of notes, and were originally more politically explicit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:159" href="#fn:159">159</a> The lyrics depict a man surviving an aeroplane crash<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:160" href="#fn:160">160</a> and are drawn from Yorke's anxiety about transportation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:161" href="#fn:161">161</a> The musical centerpiece of "Lucky" is its three-piece guitar arrangement,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:162" href="#fn:162">162</a> which grew out of the high-pitched chiming sound played by O'Brien in the song's introduction,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:163" href="#fn:163">163</a> achieved by strumming above the <a href="/facts/Nut_(string_instrument)/mS4c3HGw">guitar nut</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:164" href="#fn:164">164</a> Critics likened its lead guitar to <a href="/facts/Pink_Floyd/a3U8PyeV">Pink Floyd</a> and, more broadly, <a href="/facts/Arena_rock/Bo6wmG5b">arena rock</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:165" href="#fn:165">165</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:166" href="#fn:166">166</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:167" href="#fn:167">167</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:168" href="#fn:168">168</a>
The album ends with "The Tourist", which Jonny Greenwood wrote as an unusually staid piece where something "doesn't have to happen ... every three seconds". He said, "'The Tourist' doesn't sound like Radiohead at all. It has become a song with space."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:169" href="#fn:169">169</a> The lyrics, written by Yorke, were inspired by his experience of watching American tourists in France frantically trying to see as many tourist attractions as possible.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:170" href="#fn:170">170</a> He said it was chosen as the closing track because "a lot of the album was about background noise and everything moving too fast and not being able to keep up. It was really obvious to have 'Tourist' as the last song. That song was written to me from me, saying, 'Idiot, slow down.' Because at that point, I needed to. So that was the only resolution there could be: to slow down."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:171" href="#fn:171">171</a> The "unexpectedly bluesy waltz" draws to a close as the guitars drop out, leaving only drums and bass, and concludes with the sound of a small bell.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:172" href="#fn:172">172</a>

<h2 id="title">Title</h2>
The title OK Computer is taken from the 1978 radio series <a href="/facts/The_Hitchhiker%2527s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(radio_series)/LuVN8gJ9">Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy</a>, in which the character <a href="/facts/Zaphod_Beeblebrox/nGRNknkK">Zaphod Beeblebrox</a> speaks the phrase "Okay, computer, I want full manual control now." The members of Radiohead listened to the series on the bus during their 1996 tour and Yorke made a note of the phrase.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:173" href="#fn:173">173</a> "OK Computer" became a working title for "Palo Alto", a B-side for the single "No Surprises".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:174" href="#fn:174">174</a> The title stuck with the band; according to Jonny Greenwood, it "started attaching itself and creating all these weird resonances with what we were trying to do".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:175" href="#fn:175">175</a>
Yorke said the title "refers to embracing the future, it refers to being terrified of the future, of our future, of everyone else's. It's to do with standing in a room where all these appliances are going off and all these machines and computers and so on ... and the sound it makes."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:176" href="#fn:176">176</a> He described the title as "a really resigned, terrified phrase", to him similar to the <a href="/facts/Coca-Cola/wbnCJYb6">Coca-Cola</a> advertisement "<a href="/facts/I%2527d_Like_to_Teach_the_World_to_Sing_(In_Perfect_Harmony)/ADW7A9V7">I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:177" href="#fn:177">177</a> <a href="/facts/Wired_(magazine)/RQb6gcyf">Wired</a> writer Leander Kahney suggests that it is an homage to Macintosh computers, as the Mac's <a href="/facts/Speech_recognition/z7S7Pgk6">speech recognition</a> software responds to the command "OK computer" as an alternative to clicking the "OK" button.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:178" href="#fn:178">178</a> Other titles considered were Ones and Zeroes—a reference to the <a href="/facts/Binary_numeral_system/a6JDSRPs">binary numeral system</a>—and Your Home May Be at Risk If You Do Not Keep Up Payments.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:179" href="#fn:179">179</a>

<h2 id="artwork">Artwork</h2>

The OK Computer artwork is a collage of images and text created by Yorke (credited as the White Chocolate Farm) and <a href="/facts/Stanley_Donwood/JmSAeuMd">Stanley Donwood</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:180" href="#fn:180">180</a> Yorke commissioned Donwood to work on a visual diary alongside the recording sessions. He said he did not feel confident in his music until he saw a visual representation to accompany it.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:181" href="#fn:181">181</a> According to Donwood, the blue-and-white palette was the result of "trying to make something the colour of bleached bone".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:182" href="#fn:182">182</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:183" href="#fn:183">183</a>
The image of two stick figures shaking hands appears in the liner notes and on the disc label in CD and LP releases. Yorke said the image symbolised exploitation: "Someone's being sold something they don't really want, and someone's being friendly because they're trying to sell something. That's what it means to me."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:184" href="#fn:184">184</a> The image was later used on the cover for <a href="/facts/Radiohead%3a_The_Best_Of/gdMjBfAa">Radiohead: The Best Of</a> (2008).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:185" href="#fn:185">185</a> Explaining the artwork's themes, Yorke said, "It's quite sad, and quite funny as well. All the artwork and so on ... It was all the things that I hadn't said in the songs."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:186" href="#fn:186">186</a>
Motifs in the artwork include motorways, aeroplanes, families, corporate logos and cityscapes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:187" href="#fn:187">187</a> The photograph of a motorway on the cover was likely taken in <a href="/facts/Hartford%2c_Connecticut/F3D8LKMK">Hartford, Connecticut</a>, where Radiohead performed in 1996.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:188" href="#fn:188">188</a> The words "Lost Child" feature prominently, and the booklet artwork contains phrases in the <a href="/facts/Constructed_language/x4Ec5trY">constructed language</a> <a href="/facts/Esperanto/5cWPoLuM">Esperanto</a> and health-related instructions in both English and Greek. The <a href="/facts/Uncut_(magazine)/hnPa6Wmw">Uncut</a> critic <a href="/facts/David_Cavanagh/qr1E545C">David Cavanagh</a> said the use of <a href="/facts/Non_sequitur_(literary_device)/U38mY0Bw">non-sequiturs</a> created an effect "akin to being lifestyle-coached by a lunatic".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:189" href="#fn:189">189</a> White scribbles, Donwood's method of correcting mistakes rather than using the computer function <a href="/facts/Undo/ELQMGH4k">undo</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:190" href="#fn:190">190</a> are present everywhere in the collages.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:191" href="#fn:191">191</a>
The <a href="/facts/Liner_notes/o2TJaRQT">liner notes</a> contain the full lyrics, rendered with atypical syntax, alternate spelling<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:192" href="#fn:192">192</a> and small annotations.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:193" href="#fn:193">193</a> The lyrics are also arranged and spaced in shapes that resemble hidden images.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:194" href="#fn:194">194</a> In keeping with Radiohead's emerging <a href="/facts/Anti-corporate_activism/rvUY4tNU">anti-corporate</a> stance, the production credits contain the ironic copyright notice "Lyrics reproduced by kind permission even though we wrote them."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:195" href="#fn:195">195</a>

<h2 id="release-and-promotion">Release and promotion</h2>
<h3>Commercial expectations</h3>
According to Selway, Radiohead's American label <a href="/facts/Capitol_Records/5parUIfs">Capitol</a> saw the album as "'commercial suicide'. They weren't really into it. At that point, we got the fear. How is this going to be received?"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:196" href="#fn:196">196</a> Yorke recalled: "When we first gave it to Capitol, they were taken aback. I don't really know why it's so important now, but I'm excited about it."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:197" href="#fn:197">197</a> Capitol lowered its sales forecast from two million to half a million.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:198" href="#fn:198">198</a> In O'Brien's view, only <a href="/facts/Parlophone/NVn0PyMw">Parlophone</a>, the band's British label, remained optimistic, while global distributors dramatically reduced their sales estimates.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:199" href="#fn:199">199</a> Label representatives were reportedly disappointed with the lack of marketable songs, especially the absence of anything resembling Radiohead's 1992 hit "<a href="/facts/Creep_(Radiohead_song)/ACKBXqbN">Creep</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:200" href="#fn:200">200</a> "OK Computer isn't the album we're going to rule the world with", Colin Greenwood predicted at the time. "It's not as hitting-everything-loudly-whilst-waggling-the-tongue-in-and-out, like The Bends. There's less of the <a href="/facts/Van_Halen/Qqx3Scb9">Van Halen</a> factor."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:201" href="#fn:201">201</a>

<h3>Marketing</h3>

Parlophone launched an unorthodox advertising campaign, taking full-page advertisements in high-profile British newspapers and <a href="/facts/London_Underground/l3IPLz8F">tube stations</a> with lyrics for "Fitter Happier" in large black letters against white backgrounds.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:202" href="#fn:202">202</a> The same lyrics, and artwork adapted from the album, were repurposed for shirt designs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:203" href="#fn:203">203</a> Yorke said they chose the "Fitter Happier" lyrics to link what a critic called "a coherent set of concerns" between the album artwork and its promotional material.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:204" href="#fn:204">204</a>
Other unconventional merchandise included a <a href="/facts/Floppy_disk/rShxfuxa">floppy disk</a> containing Radiohead <a href="/facts/Screensaver/13tBFbKh">screensavers</a> and an <a href="/facts/FM_broadcasting/TpKl3FJv">FM</a> radio in the shape of a <a href="/facts/Desktop_computer/edFPINdK">desktop computer</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:205" href="#fn:205">205</a> In America, Capitol sent 1,000 cassette players to prominent members of the press and music industry, each with a copy of the album permanently glued inside.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:206" href="#fn:206">206</a> Gary Gersh, Capitol's president, said: "Our job is just to take them as a left-of-centre band and bring the centre to them. That's our focus, and we won't let up until they're the biggest band in the world."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:207" href="#fn:207">207</a>
Radiohead planned to produce a video for every song on the album, but the project was abandoned due to financial and time constraints.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:208" href="#fn:208">208</a> According to <a href="/facts/Grant_Gee/cjLWCUhz">Grant Gee</a>, the director of the "No Surprises" video, the plan was cancelled when the videos for "Paranoid Android" and "Karma Police" went over budget.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:209" href="#fn:209">209</a> Also cancelled were plans for the <a href="/facts/Trip_hop/4E6qaJbX">trip hop</a> group <a href="/facts/Massive_Attack/cUN1Dzhp">Massive Attack</a> to <a href="/facts/Remix/l1MW7Xke">remix</a> the album.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:210" href="#fn:210">210</a>
Radiohead's website was created to promote the album, which went live at the time of its release, making the band one of the first to <a href="/facts/Online_presence_management/DdNy29Xw">manage an online presence</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:211" href="#fn:211">211</a> The first major Radiohead <a href="/facts/Fansite/7oVYGb3o">fansite</a>, Atease, was created shortly following the album's release, with its title taken from "Fitter Happier".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:212" href="#fn:212">212</a> In 2017, for OK Computer's 20th anniversary, Radiohead temporarily restored their website to its 1997 state.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:213" href="#fn:213">213</a>

<h3>Singles</h3>
Radiohead chose "<a href="/facts/Paranoid_Android/KuTdlkCt">Paranoid Android</a>" as the lead single, despite its unusually long running time and lack of a catchy chorus.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:214" href="#fn:214">214</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:215" href="#fn:215">215</a> Colin Greenwood said the song was "hardly the radio-friendly, breakthrough, buzz bin unit shifter [radio stations] can have been expecting", but that Capitol supported the choice.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:216" href="#fn:216">216</a> The song premiered on the Radio 1 programme The Evening Session in April 1997<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:217" href="#fn:217">217</a> and was released as a single in May 1997.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:218" href="#fn:218">218</a> On the strength of frequent radio play on Radio 1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:219" href="#fn:219">219</a> and rotation of the song's music video on MTV,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:220" href="#fn:220">220</a> "Paranoid Android" reached number three in the UK, giving Radiohead their highest chart position.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:221" href="#fn:221">221</a>
"<a href="/facts/Karma_Police/TQ2DdhMs">Karma Police</a>" was released in August 1997 and "<a href="/facts/No_Surprises/3odoyq7v">No Surprises</a>" in January 1998.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:222" href="#fn:222">222</a> Both singles charted in the UK top ten, and "Karma Police" peaked at number 14 on the <a href="/facts/Billboard_(magazine)/CVruQGq5">Billboard</a> <a href="/facts/Alternative_Songs/xSAJ0HQH">Modern Rock Tracks</a> chart.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:223" href="#fn:223">223</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:224" href="#fn:224">224</a> "Lucky" was released as a single in France, but did not chart.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:225" href="#fn:225">225</a> "<a href="/facts/Let_Down_(Radiohead_song)/Ifpg5Jw3">Let Down</a>", considered for release as the lead single,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:226" href="#fn:226">226</a> was issued as a <a href="/facts/Promotional_single/MBRty5yy">promotional single</a> in September 1997 and charted on the Modern Rock Tracks chart at number 29.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:227" href="#fn:227">227</a>

<h3>Tour</h3>
Radiohead embarked on the "Against Demons" world tour in promotion of OK Computer, commencing at the album launch in <a href="/facts/Barcelona/8PWLdRbW">Barcelona</a> on 22 May 1997.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:228" href="#fn:228">228</a> They toured the UK and Ireland, continental Europe, North America, Japan and Australasia,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:229" href="#fn:229">229</a> concluding on 18 April 1998 in New York.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:230" href="#fn:230">230</a> A documentary by <a href="/facts/Grant_Gee/cjLWCUhz">Grant Gee</a> following Radiohead on the tour, <a href="/facts/Meeting_People_Is_Easy/KPjPznjE">Meeting People Is Easy</a>, premiered in November 1998.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:231" href="#fn:231">231</a>
The tour was taxing for the band, particularly Yorke, who said: "That tour was a year too long. I was the first person to tire of it, then six months later everyone in the band was saying it. Then six months after that, nobody was talking any more."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:232" href="#fn:232">232</a> In 2003, Colin Greenwood said the tour was the lowest point in Radiohead's career: "There is nothing worse than having to play in front of 20,000 people when someone—when Thom—absolutely does not want to be there, and you can see that hundred-yard stare in his eyes. You hate having to put your friend through that experience."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:233" href="#fn:233">233</a>
The tour included Radiohead's first headline performance at <a href="/facts/Glastonbury_Festival/FMdmt8Q7">Glastonbury Festival</a> on 28 June 1997. Despite technical problems that almost caused Yorke to abandon the stage, the performance was acclaimed and cemented Radiohead as a major live act.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:234" href="#fn:234">234</a> <a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone/HhCFoJ9F">Rolling Stone</a> described it as "an absolute triumph", and in 2004 <a href="/facts/Q_(magazine)/7NU1c3Gm">Q</a> named it the greatest concert of all time.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:235" href="#fn:235">235</a> In 2023, the <a href="/facts/The_Guardian/H84wwJYM">Guardian</a> named it the greatest Glastonbury headline set, writing that "frustration and tension led to the band playing out of their skins, adding a startling potency to a set that confirmed OK Computer as the defining sound of rock's <a href="/facts/Post-Britpop/Fvw3fAjF">post-Britpop</a> shift".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:236" href="#fn:236">236</a>

<h3>Sales</h3>
OK Computer was released in Japan on 21 May, in the UK on 16 June, in Canada on 17 June and in the US on 1 July.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:237" href="#fn:237">237</a> It was released on CD, double-LP vinyl record, <a href="/facts/Compact_Cassette/w8I5uyfs">cassette</a> and <a href="/facts/MiniDisc/yF3LYCqL">MiniDisc</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:238" href="#fn:238">238</a> It debuted at number one in the UK with sales of 136,000 copies in its first week.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:239" href="#fn:239">239</a> In the US, it debuted at number 21 on the <a href="/facts/Billboard_200/XtbnoFSM">Billboard 200</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:240" href="#fn:240">240</a> It held the number-one spot in the UK for two weeks and stayed in the top ten for several more, becoming the UK's eighth-bestselling record that year.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:241" href="#fn:241">241</a>
By February 1998, OK Computer had sold at least half a million copies in the UK and 2 million worldwide.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:242" href="#fn:242">242</a> By September 2000, it had sold 4.5 million copies worldwide.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:243" href="#fn:243">243</a> The <a href="/facts/Los_Angeles_Times/jFHbcmb9">Los Angeles Times</a> reported that by June 2001 it had sold 1.4 million copies in the US, and in April 2006 the <a href="/facts/International_Federation_of_the_Phonographic_Industry/h3f3zMVv">IFPI</a> announced it had sold 3 million copies across Europe.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:244" href="#fn:244">244</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:245" href="#fn:245">245</a> In the UK, it was certified gold in June 1997, platinum in July, and five-times platinum in August 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:246" href="#fn:246">246</a> It is certified double platinum in the US,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:247" href="#fn:247">247</a> in addition to certifications in other markets. By May 2016, <a href="/facts/Nielsen_SoundScan/vnNMy1at">Nielsen SoundScan</a> figures showed OK Computer had sold 2.5 million digital album units in the US, plus 900,000 sales measured in <a href="/facts/Album-equivalent_unit/ufWpSCqb">album-equivalent units</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:248" href="#fn:248">248</a> Twenty years to the week after its release, the <a href="/facts/Official_Charts_Company/42Rz2PXj">Official Charts Company</a> recorded total UK sales of 1.5 million, including album-equivalent units.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:249" href="#fn:249">249</a> Tallying American and European sales, OK Computer has sold at least 6.9 million copies worldwide (or 7.8 million with album-equivalent units).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:250" href="#fn:250">250</a>

<h2 id="critical-reception">Critical reception</h2>
Contemporaneous reviews<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Review scores</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">Source</th><th scope="col">Rating</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chicago_Tribune/Bbms9uy5">Chicago Tribune</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:251" href="#fn:251">251</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Entertainment_Weekly/BhADudJx">Entertainment Weekly</a></td><td>B+<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:252" href="#fn:252">252</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/The_Guardian/H84wwJYM">The Guardian</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:253" href="#fn:253">253</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Los_Angeles_Times/jFHbcmb9">Los Angeles Times</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:254" href="#fn:254">254</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/NME/EAscmwXq">NME</a></td><td>10/10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:255" href="#fn:255">255</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pitchfork_(website)/a5SkWa6I">Pitchfork</a></td><td>10/10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:256" href="#fn:256">256</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Q_(magazine)/7NU1c3Gm">Q</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:257" href="#fn:257">257</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone/HhCFoJ9F">Rolling Stone</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:258" href="#fn:258">258</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Select_(magazine)/X8FCfQyf">Select</a></td><td>5/5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:259" href="#fn:259">259</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Spin_(magazine)/tCLvAj2N">Spin</a></td><td>8/10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:260" href="#fn:260">260</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
OK Computer received acclaim. Critics described it as a landmark release of far-reaching impact and importance,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:261" href="#fn:261">261</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:262" href="#fn:262">262</a> but noted that its experimentalism made it a challenging listen. According to <a href="/facts/Tim_Footman/vjPbtRJS">Tim Footman</a>, "Not since 1967, with the release of <a href="/facts/Sgt._Pepper%2527s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band/IEyYeNjP">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a>, had so many major critics agreed immediately, not only on an album's merits, but on its long-term significance, and its ability to encapsulate a particular point in history."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:263" href="#fn:263">263</a> In the British press, the album garnered favourable reviews in <a href="/facts/NME/EAscmwXq">NME</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:264" href="#fn:264">264</a> Melody Maker,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:265" href="#fn:265">265</a> The Guardian<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:266" href="#fn:266">266</a> and <a href="/facts/Q_(magazine)/7NU1c3Gm">Q</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:267" href="#fn:267">267</a> <a href="/facts/Nick_Kent/cRbPS2m9">Nick Kent</a> wrote in <a href="/facts/Mojo_(magazine)/e6jQ6HPB">Mojo</a> that "Others may end up selling more, but in 20 years' time I'm betting OK Computer will be seen as the key record of 1997, the one to take rock forward instead of artfully revamping images and song-structures from an earlier era."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:268" href="#fn:268">268</a> <a href="/facts/John_Harris_(critic)/kR5SqevT">John Harris</a> wrote in <a href="/facts/Select_(magazine)/X8FCfQyf">Select</a>: "Every word sounds achingly sincere, every note spewed from the heart, and yet it roots itself firmly in a world of steel, glass, <a href="/facts/Random-access_memory/DuD4bxh6">random-access memory</a> and prickly-skinned paranoia."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:269" href="#fn:269">269</a>
The album was well received by critics in North America. <a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone/HhCFoJ9F">Rolling Stone</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:270" href="#fn:270">270</a> Spin,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:271" href="#fn:271">271</a> the <a href="/facts/Los_Angeles_Times/jFHbcmb9">Los Angeles Times</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:272" href="#fn:272">272</a> the <a href="/facts/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette/yJWSCQJb">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:273" href="#fn:273">273</a> <a href="/facts/Pitchfork_(website)/a5SkWa6I">Pitchfork</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:274" href="#fn:274">274</a> and the <a href="/facts/Daily_Herald_(Arlington_Heights)/rGFGJ6PA">Daily Herald</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:275" href="#fn:275">275</a> published positive reviews. In The New Yorker, <a href="/facts/Alex_Ross_(music_critic)/jB7odxU9">Alex Ross</a> praised its progressiveness, and contrasted Radiohead's risk-taking with the musically conservative "dadrock" of their contemporaries <a href="/facts/Oasis_(band)/kVMs9WkI">Oasis</a>. Ross wrote: "Throughout the album, contrasts of mood and style are extreme ... This band has pulled off one of the great art-pop balancing acts in the history of rock."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:276" href="#fn:276">276</a> Ryan Schreiber of <a href="/facts/Pitchfork_(website)/a5SkWa6I">Pitchfork</a> lauded the record's emotional appeal, writing that it "is brimming with genuine emotion, beautiful and complex imagery and music, and lyrics that are at once passive and fire-breathing".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:277" href="#fn:277">277</a>
Reviews for <a href="/facts/Entertainment_Weekly/BhADudJx">Entertainment Weekly</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:278" href="#fn:278">278</a> the <a href="/facts/Chicago_Tribune/Bbms9uy5">Chicago Tribune</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:279" href="#fn:279">279</a> and <a href="/facts/Time_(magazine)/N4FXc99l">Time</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:280" href="#fn:280">280</a> were mixed. <a href="/facts/Robert_Christgau/0U1Du9U9">Robert Christgau</a> from <a href="/facts/The_Village_Voice/YM7tnkrN">The Village Voice</a> said Radiohead immersed Yorke's vocals in "enough electronic marginal distinction to feed a coal town for a month" to compensate for the "soulless" songs, resulting in "arid" <a href="/facts/Art_rock/naFrxL3T">art rock</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:281" href="#fn:281">281</a> In an otherwise positive review, Andy Gill wrote for <a href="/facts/The_Independent/g1P75Mfz">The Independent</a>: "For all its ambition and determination to break new ground, OK Computer is not, finally, as impressive as The Bends, which covered much the same sort of emotional knots, but with better tunes. It is easy to be impressed by, but ultimately hard to love, an album that luxuriates so readily in its own despondency."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:282" href="#fn:282">282</a>

<h3>Accolades</h3>
OK Computer was nominated for <a href="/facts/Grammy_Award/2bxYJjPV">Grammy Awards</a> as <a href="/facts/Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year/N7gTMqGf">Album of the Year</a> and <a href="/facts/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Alternative_Music_Album/wUK67nYA">Best Alternative Music Album</a> at the <a href="/facts/40th_Annual_Grammy_Awards/GHIaa5S0">40th Annual Grammy Awards</a> in 1998,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:283" href="#fn:283">283</a> winning the latter.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:284" href="#fn:284">284</a> It was also nominated for Best British Album at the <a href="/facts/1998_Brit_Awards/CGwI7rdd">1998 Brit Awards</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:285" href="#fn:285">285</a> The album was shortlisted for the 1997 <a href="/facts/Mercury_Prize/X210WUaR">Mercury Prize</a>, a prestigious award recognising the best British or Irish album of the year. The day before the winner was announced, oddsmakers gave OK Computer the best chance to win among ten nominees, but it lost to <a href="/facts/New_Forms/gI8q3McN">New Forms</a> by <a href="/facts/Roni_Size/XnJXpQxt">Roni Size</a>/<a href="/facts/Reprazent/M7cAgkcp">Reprazent</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:286" href="#fn:286">286</a> 
OK Computer was named the best album of the year by Mojo, <a href="/facts/Vox_(magazine)/yB2QQoU6">Vox</a>, Entertainment Weekly, <a href="/facts/Hot_Press/rctBlsB9">Hot Press</a>, <a href="/facts/Muziekkrant_OOR/QFBBezHW">Muziekkrant OOR</a>, <a href="/facts/HUMO/3a6E8AxD">HUMO</a>, <a href="/facts/Eye_Weekly/PYdWRSda">Eye Weekly</a> and <a href="/facts/Inpress/5Ml8YuVm">Inpress</a>, and tied for first place with <a href="/facts/Daft_Punk/cC1aTQjY">Daft Punk</a>'s <a href="/facts/Homework_(Daft_Punk_album)/ykv95VwN">Homework</a> in <a href="/facts/The_Face_(magazine)/B85hUacy">The Face</a>. It was named the second-best in NME, Melody Maker, Rolling Stone, <a href="/facts/Village_Voice/YM7tnkrN">Village Voice</a>, Spin and Uncut. Q and <a href="/facts/Les_Inrockuptibles/rHngb8Qa">Les Inrockuptibles</a> listed the album in their year-end polls.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:287" href="#fn:287">287</a>
The praise overwhelmed the band. Jonny Greenwood felt it had been exaggerated because The Bends had been "under-reviewed possibly and under-received".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:288" href="#fn:288">288</a> Radiohead rejected links to progressive rock and art rock, despite comparisons to Pink Floyd's 1973 album <a href="/facts/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Moon/13eCxtkd">The Dark Side of the Moon</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:289" href="#fn:289">289</a> Yorke responded: "We write pop songs ... There was no intention of it being 'art'. It's a reflection of all the disparate things we were listening to when we recorded it."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:290" href="#fn:290">290</a> He was nevertheless pleased that listeners identified their influences: "What really blew my head off was the fact that people got all the things, all the textures and the sounds and the atmospheres we were trying to create."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:291" href="#fn:291">291</a>

<h2 id="legacy">Legacy</h2>
<h3>Retrospective appraisal</h3>
Retrospective reviews (after 1997)<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Review scores</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">Source</th><th scope="col">Rating</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/AllMusic/Hb8cU8Fb">AllMusic</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:292" href="#fn:292">292</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/The_A.V._Club/bgV46awt">The A.V. Club</a></td><td>A<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:293" href="#fn:293">293</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Blender_(magazine)/P1FVKvtI">Blender</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:294" href="#fn:294">294</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Christgau%2527s_Consumer_Guide%3a_Albums_of_the_%252790s/6auDy2NN">Christgau's Consumer Guide</a></td><td>B−<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:295" href="#fn:295">295</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Encyclopedia_of_Popular_Music/W9YQ0u46">Encyclopedia of Popular Music</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:296" href="#fn:296">296</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/MusicHound/FRGypYFY">MusicHound</a> Rock</td><td>5/5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:297" href="#fn:297">297</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Q_(magazine)/7NU1c3Gm">Q</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:298" href="#fn:298">298</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/The_Rolling_Stone_Album_Guide/RRNrAt8J">The Rolling Stone Album Guide</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:299" href="#fn:299">299</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Slant_Magazine/kG2pIkSP">Slant Magazine</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:300" href="#fn:300">300</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Tom_Hull_(critic)/1DTu9HXw">Tom Hull – on the Web</a></td><td>B+<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:301" href="#fn:301">301</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
OK Computer has frequently appeared in professional lists of the greatest albums of all time. A number of publications, including NME, Melody Maker, <a href="/facts/Alternative_Press_(music_magazine)/X1tgPjWb">Alternative Press</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:302" href="#fn:302">302</a> Spin,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:303" href="#fn:303">303</a> Pitchfork,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:304" href="#fn:304">304</a> <a href="/facts/Time_(magazine)/N4FXc99l">Time</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:305" href="#fn:305">305</a> <a href="/facts/Metro_Weekly/W7ypFPtg">Metro Weekly</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:306" href="#fn:306">306</a> and <a href="/facts/Slant_Magazine/kG2pIkSP">Slant Magazine</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:307" href="#fn:307">307</a> placed OK Computer prominently in lists of best albums of the 1990s or of all time. It was voted number 4 in <a href="/facts/Colin_Larkin/ft5ob0MF">Colin Larkin</a>'s <a href="/facts/All_Time_Top_1000_Albums/SXP7sznY">All Time Top 1000 Albums</a> 3rd Edition (2000). <a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone/HhCFoJ9F">Rolling Stone</a> ranked it 42 on its list of <a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone%2527s_500_Greatest_Albums_of_All_Time/40CPshrf">The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time</a> in 2020.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:308" href="#fn:308">308</a> It was previously ranked at 162 in 2003<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:309" href="#fn:309">309</a> and 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:310" href="#fn:310">310</a> In 2019, <a href="/facts/Classic_Rock_(magazine)/2KR5xcqf">Classic Rock</a> ranked it at 47 in its list of "The 50 best rock albums of all time": "Combining prog with alternative influences, they came up with a style that was supple, subtle and sensuous. This wasn't Pink Floyd for the end of the millennium, it was original, visionary and brilliant [...] An epochal album that called time on the narrow colloquial nostalgia of Britpop, sold millions and turned Radiohead into global angst-rock superstars, OK Computer is not quite the flawless masterpiece of fond folklore, but it holds up extremely well."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:311" href="#fn:311">311</a>
Retrospective reviews from <a href="/facts/BBC_Music/XLVNnCRt">BBC Music</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:312" href="#fn:312">312</a> <a href="/facts/The_A.V._Club/bgV46awt">The A.V. Club</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:313" href="#fn:313">313</a> and Slant<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:314" href="#fn:314">314</a> were favourable. Rolling Stone gave the album five out of five in the 2004 edition of <a href="/facts/The_Rolling_Stone_Album_Guide/RRNrAt8J">The Rolling Stone Album Guide</a>, with <a href="/facts/Rob_Sheffield/569nwLsP">Rob Sheffield</a> writing: "Radiohead was claiming the high ground abandoned by <a href="/facts/Nirvana_(band)/LB38lBz8">Nirvana</a>, <a href="/facts/Pearl_Jam/ymASSpyb">Pearl Jam</a>, <a href="/facts/U2/4nxeFIy8">U2</a>, <a href="/facts/R.E.M./vshQTmmg">R.E.M.</a>, everybody; and fans around the world loved them for trying too hard at a time when nobody else was even bothering."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:315" href="#fn:315">315</a> Christgau said later that "most would rate OK Computer the apogee of <a href="/facts/Postmodern_music/IzWb7Nfa">pomo</a> texture".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:316" href="#fn:316">316</a> In 2014, the United States <a href="/facts/National_Recording_Preservation_Board/cs3h4pH1">National Recording Preservation Board</a> selected the album for preservation in the <a href="/facts/National_Recording_Registry/RtA6oMEb">National Recording Registry</a> of the <a href="/facts/Library_of_Congress/TfB6dEN5">Library of Congress</a>, which designates it as a sound recording that has had significant cultural, historical or aesthetic impact in American life.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:317" href="#fn:317">317</a> In The New Yorker, <a href="/facts/Kevin_Dettmar/L4fsvW3l">Kevin Dettmar</a> of described it as the record that made modern world possible for alternative rock music.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:318" href="#fn:318">318</a>
OK Computer has been cited by some as undeserving of its acclaim. In a poll surveying thousands conducted by <a href="/facts/BBC_Radio_6_Music/DMzqxdXw">BBC Radio 6 Music</a>, OK Computer was named the sixth-most overrated album.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:319" href="#fn:319">319</a> David H. Green of <a href="/facts/The_Daily_Telegraph/aHa5nNw5">The Daily Telegraph</a> called the album "self-indulgent whingeing" and maintains that the positive critical consensus towards OK Computer is an indication of "a 20th-century delusion that rock is the bastion of serious commentary on popular music" to the detriment of <a href="/facts/Electronic_music/zfGNfUvR">electronic</a> and <a href="/facts/Dance_music/MsDMMnvz">dance music</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:320" href="#fn:320">320</a> The album was selected as an entry in "Sacred Cows", an NME column questioning the critical status of "revered albums", in which Henry Yates said "there's no defiance, gallows humour or chink of light beneath the curtain, just a sense of meek, resigned despondency" and criticised the record as "the moment when Radiohead stopped being 'good' [compared to The Bends] and started being 'important'".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:321" href="#fn:321">321</a> In a Spin article on the "myth" that "Radiohead Can Do No Wrong", Chris Norris argues that the acclaim for OK Computer inflated expectations for subsequent Radiohead releases.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:322" href="#fn:322">322</a> Christgau felt "the reason the readers of the British magazine Q absurdly voted OK Computer the greatest album of the 20th century is that it integrated what was briefly called electronica into rock". Having deemed it "self-regarding" and overrated, he later warmed to the record and found it indicative of Radiohead's cerebral sensibility and "rife with discrete pleasures and surprises".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:323" href="#fn:323">323</a>

<h3>Commentary, interpretation and analysis</h3>

OK Computer was recorded in the lead up to the <a href="/facts/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election/4xX3KbPw">1997 general election</a> and released a month after the victory of <a href="/facts/Tony_Blair/3oytaWsP">Tony Blair</a>'s <a href="/facts/New_Labour/e7TMyfez">New Labour</a> government. The album was perceived by critics as an expression of dissent and scepticism toward the new government and a reaction against the national mood of optimism. Dorian Lynskey wrote, "On May 1, 1997, Labour supporters toasted their landslide victory to the sound of '<a href="/facts/Things_Can_Only_Get_Better_(D%3aReam_song)/gsMFHAYL">Things Can Only Get Better</a>.' A few weeks later, OK Computer appeared like <a href="/facts/Banquo/hf8WpVo9">Banquo</a>'s ghost to warn: No, things can only get worse."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:324" href="#fn:324">324</a> According to Amy Britton, the album "showed not everyone was ready to join the party, instead tapping into another feeling felt throughout the UK—pre-millennial angst. ... huge corporations were impossible to fight against—this was the world OK Computer soundtracked, not the wave of British optimism."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:325" href="#fn:325">325</a>
In an interview, Yorke doubted that Blair's policies would differ from the preceding two decades of <a href="/facts/Conservative_Party_(UK)/0LPlRq1a">Conservative</a> government. He said the public reaction to the <a href="/facts/Death_of_Diana%2c_Princess_of_Wales/7efVx716">death</a> of <a href="/facts/Diana%2c_Princess_of_Wales/nNq36PRL">Princess Diana</a> was more significant, as a moment when the British public realised "the <a href="/facts/British_Royal_Family/mx49mfWs">royals</a> had had us by the balls for the last hundred years, as had the media and the state."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:326" href="#fn:326">326</a> The band's distaste with the commercialised promotion of OK Computer reinforced their anti-capitalist politics, which would be further explored on their subsequent releases.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:327" href="#fn:327">327</a>
Critics have compared Radiohead's statements of political dissatisfaction to those of earlier rock bands. <a href="/facts/David_Stubbs/gUPzvpc5">David Stubbs</a> said that, where <a href="/facts/Punk_rock/voBjpcpS">punk rock</a> had been a rebellion against a time of deficit and poverty, OK Computer protested the "mechanistic convenience" of contemporary surplus and excess.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:328" href="#fn:328">328</a> Alex Ross said the album "pictured the onslaught of the <a href="/facts/Information_Age/PJUfNEx5">Information Age</a> and a young person's panicky embrace of it" and made the band into "the <a href="/facts/Poster_child/nfq6q909">poster boys</a> for a certain kind of knowing alienation—as <a href="/facts/Talking_Heads/crAFIjpD">Talking Heads</a> and R.E.M. had been before."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:329" href="#fn:329">329</a> <a href="/facts/Jon_Pareles/oXB8qNzB">Jon Pareles</a> of The New York Times found precedents in the work of Pink Floyd and <a href="/facts/Madness_(band)/dErru9Ve">Madness</a> for Radiohead's concerns "about a culture of numbness, building docile workers and enforced by <a href="/facts/Self-help/AU1AtMRC">self-help</a> regimes and <a href="/facts/Antidepressant/N62ND3Fa">anti-depressants</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:330" href="#fn:330">330</a>
The album's tone has been described as millennial<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:331" href="#fn:331">331</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:332" href="#fn:332">332</a> or <a href="/facts/Futurism/B6eQPHN2">futuristic</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:333" href="#fn:333">333</a> anticipating cultural and political trends. According to The A.V. Club writer Steven Hyden in the feature "Whatever Happened to Alternative Nation", "Radiohead appeared to be ahead of the curve, forecasting the paranoia, media-driven insanity, and omnipresent sense of impending doom that's subsequently come to characterise everyday life in the 21st century."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:334" href="#fn:334">334</a> In <a href="/facts/1000_Recordings_to_Hear_Before_You_Die/lV7b7w4N">1000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die</a>, <a href="/facts/Tom_Moon/aSKbBKv0">Tom Moon</a> described OK Computer as a "prescient ... <a href="/facts/Dystopia/c5dGl7Ap">dystopian</a> essay on the darker implications of technology ... oozing [with] a vague sense of dread, and a touch of <a href="/facts/Big_Brother_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)/o6KfXBPp">Big Brother</a> foreboding that bears strong resemblance to the constant disquiet of life on <a href="/facts/Homeland_Security_Advisory_System/UsCsk05E">Security Level Orange</a>, <a href="/facts/Post-9%2f11/1BAcztNp">post-9/11</a>."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:335" href="#fn:335">335</a> <a href="/facts/Chris_Martin/02buwjKy">Chris Martin</a> of <a href="/facts/Coldplay/3H1zCITa">Coldplay</a> remarked that, "It would be interesting to see how the world would be different if <a href="/facts/Dick_Cheney/7EUs9oQV">Dick Cheney</a> really listened to Radiohead's OK Computer. I think the world would probably improve. That album is fucking brilliant. It changed my life, so why wouldn't it change his?"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:336" href="#fn:336">336</a>
The album inspired a <a href="/facts/Radio_drama/xXQeTQbA">radio play</a>, also titled OK Computer, which was first broadcast on <a href="/facts/BBC_Radio_4/7jFBld49">BBC Radio 4</a> in 2007. The play, written by <a href="/facts/Joel_Horwood/9HUwSxyU">Joel Horwood</a>, Chris Perkins, <a href="/facts/Al_Smith_(playwright)/0GryVDmz">Al Smith</a> and Chris Thorpe, interprets the album into a story about a man who awakens in a Berlin hospital with memory loss and returns to England with doubts that the life he's returned to is his own.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:337" href="#fn:337">337</a>

<h3>Influence</h3>

The release of OK Computer coincided with the decline of <a href="/facts/Britpop/oENLa3l6">Britpop</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:338" href="#fn:338">338</a> <a href="/facts/Alexis_Petridis/eTMsfllF">Alexis Petridis</a> of The Guardian called the album "the defining sound of rock's post-Britpop shift".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:339" href="#fn:339">339</a> Through OK Computer's influence, the dominant UK guitar pop shifted toward an approximation of "Radiohead's paranoid but confessional, slurry but catchy" approach.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:340" href="#fn:340">340</a> Many newer British acts adopted similarly complex, atmospheric arrangements; for example, the post-Britpop band <a href="/facts/Travis_(band)/AQ0PIyC6">Travis</a> worked with Godrich to create the languid pop texture of <a href="/facts/The_Man_Who/dbPtWgcD">The Man Who</a>, which became the fourth best-selling album of 1999 in the UK.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:341" href="#fn:341">341</a> Some in the British press accused Travis of appropriating Radiohead's sound.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:342" href="#fn:342">342</a> Steven Hyden of AV Club said that by 1999, starting with The Man Who, "what Radiohead had created in OK Computer had already grown much bigger than the band," and that the album went on to influence "a wave of British-rock balladeers that reached its zenith in the '00s".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:343" href="#fn:343">343</a>
OK Computer influenced the next generation of British alternative rock bands,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:344" href="#fn:344">344</a> and musicians in a variety of genres have praised it.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:345" href="#fn:345">345</a> <a href="/facts/Bloc_Party/6EY8F5Kb">Bloc Party</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:346" href="#fn:346">346</a> and <a href="/facts/TV_on_the_Radio/gsRjLrjw">TV on the Radio</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:347" href="#fn:347">347</a> listened to or were influenced by OK Computer; TV on the Radio's debut album was titled <a href="/facts/OK_Calculator/0pk6eBka">OK Calculator</a> as a lighthearted tribute.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:348" href="#fn:348">348</a> Radiohead described the pervasiveness of bands that "sound like us" as one reason to break with the style of OK Computer for their next album, <a href="/facts/Kid_A/vb9k50b0">Kid A</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:349" href="#fn:349">349</a>
Although OK Computer's influence on rock is widely acknowledged, several critics believe that its experimental inclination was not authentically embraced on a wide scale. Footman said the "Radiohead Lite" bands that followed were "missing [OK Computer's] sonic inventiveness, not to mention the lyrical substance".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:350" href="#fn:350">350</a> <a href="/facts/David_Cavanagh/qr1E545C">David Cavanagh</a> said that most of OK Computer's purported mainstream influence more likely stemmed from the ballads on The Bends. According to Cavanagh, "The populist albums of the post-OK Computer era—the <a href="/facts/The_Verve/CIBQtQQs">Verve</a>'s <a href="/facts/Urban_Hymns/VqTDe2gy">Urban Hymns</a>, Travis's <a href="/facts/Good_Feeling_(Travis_album)/P3t7hTWK">Good Feeling</a>, <a href="/facts/Stereophonics/5PLDIE11">Stereophonics</a>' <a href="/facts/Word_Gets_Around/mE3H6kUo">Word Gets Around</a>, <a href="/facts/Robbie_Williams/fMWQQ4Ih">Robbie Williams</a>' <a href="/facts/Life_thru_a_Lens/F9EeyXXd">Life thru a Lens</a>—effectively closed the door that OK Computer's boffin-esque inventiveness had opened."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:351" href="#fn:351">351</a> <a href="/facts/John_Harris_(critic)/kR5SqevT">John Harris</a> believed that OK Computer was one of the "fleeting signs that British rock music might [have been] returning to its inventive traditions" in the wake of Britpop's demise.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:352" href="#fn:352">352</a> While Harris concludes that British rock ultimately developed an "altogether more conservative tendency", he said that with OK Computer and their subsequent material, Radiohead provided a "clarion call" to fill the void left by Britpop.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:353" href="#fn:353">353</a> The Pitchfork journalist Marc Hogan argued that OK Computer marked an "ending point" for the rock-oriented <a href="/facts/Album_era/xlYNf8FV">album era</a>, as its mainstream and critical success remained unmatched by any rock album since.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:354" href="#fn:354">354</a>
OK Computer triggered a minor revival of progressive rock and ambitious concept albums, with a new wave of prog-influenced bands crediting OK Computer for enabling their scene to thrive. <a href="/facts/Brandon_Curtis/Y2x0TYwP">Brandon Curtis</a> of <a href="/facts/Secret_Machines/YmqmQlRB">Secret Machines</a> said, "Songs like 'Paranoid Android' made it OK to write music differently, to be more experimental ... OK Computer was important because it reintroduced unconventional writing and song structures."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:355" href="#fn:355">355</a> <a href="/facts/Steven_Wilson/1JDz4wkQ">Steven Wilson</a> of <a href="/facts/Porcupine_Tree/xxsk3Un1">Porcupine Tree</a> said, "I don't think ambition is a dirty word any more. Radiohead were the Trojan Horse in that respect. Here's a band that came from the indie rock tradition that snuck in under the radar when the journalists weren't looking and started making these absurdly ambitious and pretentious—and all the better for it—records."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:356" href="#fn:356">356</a> In 2005, <a href="/facts/Q_(magazine)/7NU1c3Gm">Q</a> named OK Computer the tenth-best progressive rock album,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:357" href="#fn:357">357</a> and in 2014 it was voted the 87th-greatest by readers of <a href="/facts/Prog_(magazine)/NEVDB2Er">Prog</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:358" href="#fn:358">358</a>
In 2006, the American reggae band the <a href="/facts/Easy_Star_All-Stars/XWmerp2D">Easy Star All-Stars</a> released <a href="/facts/Radiodread/0oIR1umn">Radiodread</a>, a reggae interpretation of OK Computer.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:359" href="#fn:359">359</a> In 2007, the music blog <a href="/facts/Stereogum/ovSsgKFN">Stereogum</a> released OKX: A Tribute to OK Computer, with covers by artists including <a href="/facts/Vampire_Weekend/lpbn9tpd">Vampire Weekend</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:360" href="#fn:360">360</a>

<h2 id="reissues-and-compilations">Reissues and compilations</h2>
Radiohead's record contract with <a href="/facts/EMI/MxDTCNeq">EMI</a>, the parent company of Parlophone, ended in 2003. EMI retained the rights to Radiohead's material recorded under their contract, including OK Computer.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:361" href="#fn:361">361</a> In 2007, EMI released <a href="/facts/Radiohead_Box_Set/W1ec5Jxv">Radiohead Box Set</a>, a compilation of albums recorded while Radiohead were signed to EMI.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:362" href="#fn:362">362</a> On 19 August 2008, EMI reissued OK Computer as a double LP as part of the "From the Capitol Vaults" series, along with other Radiohead albums.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:363" href="#fn:363">363</a> It became the tenth-bestselling vinyl record of 2008, selling almost 10,000 copies.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:364" href="#fn:364">364</a> The reissue was connected in the press to the <a href="/facts/Vinyl_revival/QvLf4daw">resurgence of interest in vinyl</a> in the early 21st century.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:365" href="#fn:365">365</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:366" href="#fn:366">366</a>

<h3>2009 "Collector's Edition" reissue</h3>
"Collector's Edition" ratings<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Review scores</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">Source</th><th scope="col">Rating</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/AllMusic/Hb8cU8Fb">AllMusic</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:367" href="#fn:367">367</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/The_A.V._Club/bgV46awt">The A.V. Club</a></td><td>A<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:368" href="#fn:368">368</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Paste_(magazine)/PKFkbNH4">Paste</a></td><td>100/100<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:369" href="#fn:369">369</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pitchfork_(website)/a5SkWa6I">Pitchfork</a></td><td>10/10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:370" href="#fn:370">370</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone/HhCFoJ9F">Rolling Stone</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:371" href="#fn:371">371</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Q_(magazine)/7NU1c3Gm">Q</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:372" href="#fn:372">372</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Uncut_(magazine)/hnPa6Wmw">Uncut</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:373" href="#fn:373">373</a></td></tr></tbody></table>On 24 March 2009, EMI reissued OK Computer as an expanded "Collector's Edition", alongside Pablo Honey and The Bends, without Radiohead's involvement. The reissue was released in a 2-CD edition and an expanded 2-CD, 1-DVD edition. The first disc contains the original album, the second disc contains <a href="/facts/A-side_and_B-side/b3X26oFc">B-sides</a> collected from OK Computer singles and live recording sessions, and the DVD contains a collection of music videos and a live television performance.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:374" href="#fn:374">374</a> All the material had been previously released and the music was not remastered.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:375" href="#fn:375">375</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:376" href="#fn:376">376</a> 
<a href="/facts/AllMusic/Hb8cU8Fb">AllMusic</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:377" href="#fn:377">377</a> Uncut,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:378" href="#fn:378">378</a> Q,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:379" href="#fn:379">379</a> Rolling Stone,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:380" href="#fn:380">380</a> <a href="/facts/Paste_(magazine)/PKFkbNH4">Paste</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:381" href="#fn:381">381</a> and <a href="/facts/PopMatters/AJeW11gx">PopMatters</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:382" href="#fn:382">382</a> praised the supplemental material, but with reservations. Scott Plagenhoef of Pitchfork awarded the reissue a <a href="/facts/List_of_albums_awarded_10_by_Pitchfork/D3jSd0go">perfect score</a>, arguing that it was worth buying for fans who did not already own the extra material. Plagenhoef said: "That the band had nothing to do with these is beside the point: this is the final word on these records, if for no other reason that the <a href="/facts/The_Beatles_Stereo_Box_Set/vVR7a7Cm">Beatles' September 9 remaster campaign</a> is, arguably, the end of the CD era."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:383" href="#fn:383">383</a> The A.V. Club writer Josh Modell praised the bonus disc and DVD, and said OK Computer was "the perfect synthesis of Radiohead's seemingly conflicted impulses".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:384" href="#fn:384">384</a>

<h3>XL reissues</h3>
In April 2016, <a href="/facts/XL_Recordings/ba63qz0e">XL Recordings</a> acquired Radiohead's back catalogue. The EMI reissues, released without Radiohead's approval, were removed from streaming services.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:385" href="#fn:385">385</a> In May 2016, XL reissued Radiohead's back catalogue on vinyl, including OK Computer.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:386" href="#fn:386">386</a>
On 23 June 2017, Radiohead released a 20th-anniversary OK Computer reissue, <a href="/facts/OKNOTOK_1997_2017/BKn6NYU7">OKNOTOK 1997 2017</a>, on XL. It includes a remastered version of the album, plus eight B-sides and three previously unreleased tracks: "<a href="/facts/I_Promise_(Radiohead_song)/X08CsmXc">I Promise</a>", "<a href="/facts/Man_of_War_(song)/QRwnNlnj">Man of War</a>" and "<a href="/facts/Lift_(Radiohead_song)/rDtbjbfu">Lift</a>". The special edition includes books of artwork and notes and an <a href="/facts/Compact_Cassette/w8I5uyfs">audio cassette</a> of demos and session recordings, including previously unreleased songs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:387" href="#fn:387">387</a> OKNOTOK debuted at number two on the <a href="/facts/UK_Albums_Chart/h1hyzP13">UK Album Chart</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:388" href="#fn:388">388</a> boosted by Radiohead's third headline performance at <a href="/facts/Glastonbury_Festival_2017/Vb0d9V8D">Glastonbury Festival</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:389" href="#fn:389">389</a> It was the best-selling album in independent UK record shops for a year.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:390" href="#fn:390">390</a>

<h3>MiniDiscs [Hacked]</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/MiniDiscs_(Hacked)/xgHxWP50">MiniDiscs (Hacked)</a>
In early June 2019, nearly 18 hours of demos, outtakes and other material recorded during the OK Computer period <a href="/facts/Music_leak/6jKcdHGy">leaked online</a>. On 11 June, Radiohead made the archive available to stream or purchase from the music sharing site <a href="/facts/Bandcamp/oP8j4xJd">Bandcamp</a> for 18 days, with proceeds going to the environmental advocacy group <a href="/facts/Extinction_Rebellion/HfRU9wlI">Extinction Rebellion</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:391" href="#fn:391">391</a>

<h2 id="track-listing">Track listing</h2>
All tracks are written by <a href="/facts/Thom_Yorke/R9UeL4WM">Thom Yorke</a>, <a href="/facts/Jonny_Greenwood/CpznQpHv">Jonny Greenwood</a>, <a href="/facts/Philip_Selway/JlpvkBmg">Philip Selway</a>, <a href="/facts/Ed_O%2527Brien/TkIU8FMU">Ed O'Brien</a> and <a href="/facts/Colin_Greenwood/FIsn7hgB">Colin Greenwood</a>.

<ol><li>"Airbag" – 4:44</li>
<li>"<a href="/facts/Paranoid_Android/KuTdlkCt">Paranoid Android</a>" – 6:23</li>
<li>"Subterranean Homesick Alien" – 4:27</li>
<li>"Exit Music (For a Film)" – 4:24</li>
<li>"<a href="/facts/Let_Down_(Radiohead_song)/Ifpg5Jw3">Let Down</a>" – 4:59</li>
<li>"<a href="/facts/Karma_Police/TQ2DdhMs">Karma Police</a>" – 4:21</li>
<li>"Fitter Happier" – 1:57</li>
<li>"Electioneering" – 3:50</li>
<li>"Climbing Up the Walls" – 4:45</li>
<li>"<a href="/facts/No_Surprises/3odoyq7v">No Surprises</a>" – 3:48</li>
<li>"<a href="/facts/Lucky_(Radiohead_song)/tUk9uyhS">Lucky</a>" – 4:19</li>
<li>"The Tourist" – 5:24</li></ol>
<h2 id="personnel">Personnel</h2>
Personnel adapted from OK Computer liner notes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:392" href="#fn:392">392</a>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Nigel_Godrich/2MnvlxGn">Nigel Godrich</a> – <a href="/facts/Audio_engineer/eRJkg89Q">committing to tape</a>, <a href="/facts/Audio_mixing/s15GuoKQ">audio level balancing</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Radiohead/6TVeLFk7">Radiohead</a> – committing to tape, music, string arrangements
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Thom_Yorke/R9UeL4WM">Thom Yorke</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Jonny_Greenwood/CpznQpHv">Jonny Greenwood</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Philip_Selway/JlpvkBmg">Philip Selway</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ed_O%2527Brien/TkIU8FMU">Ed O'Brien</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Colin_Greenwood/FIsn7hgB">Colin Greenwood</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Stanley_Donwood/JmSAeuMd">Stanley Donwood</a> – pictures</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Thom_Yorke/R9UeL4WM">The White Chocolate Farm</a> – pictures</li>
<li>Gerard Navarro – studio assistance</li>
<li>Jon Bailey – studio assistance</li>
<li>Chris Scard – studio assistance</li>
<li>Chris "King Fader" Blair – <a href="/facts/Audio_mastering/2EG4KMxC">mastering</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nick_Ingman/VPcAojtv">Nick Ingman</a> – string conducting</li>
<li>Matt Bale – additional artwork</li></ul>
<h2 id="charts">Charts</h2>

<table><tbody><tr><td><h3>Weekly charts</h3>Weekly chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th>Chart (1997–2017)</th><th>Peakposition</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/ARIA_Charts/aUXUHRK7">Australian Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:393" href="#fn:393">393</a></th><td>7</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/%25C3%25963_Austria_Top_40/3B0L8Tj0">Austrian Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:394" href="#fn:394">394</a></th><td>17</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Ultratop/z8s4xXqw">Belgian Albums Chart</a> (Flanders)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:395" href="#fn:395">395</a></th><td>1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Ultratop/z8s4xXqw">Belgian Albums Chart</a> (Wallonia)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:396" href="#fn:396">396</a></th><td>3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canadian <a href="/facts/RPM_(magazine)/FqFN5o4x">RPM</a> <a href="/facts/Canadian_Albums_Chart/hB0HgwY6">Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:397" href="#fn:397">397</a></th><td>2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/MegaCharts/j0qav538">Dutch Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:398" href="#fn:398">398</a></th><td>2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Finnish_Albums_Chart/c0yxEQtC">Finnish Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:399" href="#fn:399">399</a></th><td>10</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Syndicat_National_de_l%2527%25C3%2589dition_Phonographique/lT0tPFLb">French Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:400" href="#fn:400">400</a></th><td>3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/GfK_Entertainment_charts/bGrgjxKn">German Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:401" href="#fn:401">401</a></th><td>13</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Hungarian_Albums_Chart/V1g7VheF">Hungarian Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:402" href="#fn:402">402</a></th><td>39</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Irish_Albums_Chart/9flxwgul">Irish Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:403" href="#fn:403">403</a></th><td>2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Musica_e_Dischi/3o12WUVN">Italian Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:404" href="#fn:404">404</a></th><td>9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Official_New_Zealand_Music_Chart/Ukp3oqXG">New Zealand Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:405" href="#fn:405">405</a></th><td>1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Norwegian_Albums_Chart/gHbBmrR7">Norwegian Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:406" href="#fn:406">406</a></th><td>4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Productores_de_M%25C3%25BAsica_de_Espa%25C3%25B1a/shAF30pQ">Spanish Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:407" href="#fn:407">407</a></th><td>42</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Scottish_Singles_and_Albums_Charts/cTBm6vqg">Scottish Albums</a> (<a href="/facts/Official_Charts_Company/42Rz2PXj">OCC</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:408" href="#fn:408">408</a></th><td>1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Sverigetopplistan/Br6GrFEd">Swedish Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:409" href="#fn:409">409</a></th><td>3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Swiss_Hitparade/GsbuC0fn">Swiss Albums Chart</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:410" href="#fn:410">410</a></th><td>40</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/UK_Albums_Chart/h1hyzP13">UK Albums</a> (<a href="/facts/Official_Charts_Company/42Rz2PXj">OCC</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:411" href="#fn:411">411</a></th><td>1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US <a href="/facts/Billboard_200/XtbnoFSM">Billboard 200</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:412" href="#fn:412">412</a></th><td>21</td></tr></tbody></table><table><tbody><tr><th>Chart (2024–2025)</th><th>Peakposition</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Argentine Albums (<a href="/facts/Argentine_Chamber_of_Phonograms_and_Videograms_Producers/wqywh5mm">CAPIF</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:413" href="#fn:413">413</a></th><td>6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Croatian International Albums (<a href="/facts/Top_of_the_Shops/SoCch2ow">HDU</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:414" href="#fn:414">414</a></th><td>6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Icelandic Albums (<a href="/facts/T%25C3%25B3nlistinn/xtbNMeMv">Tónlistinn</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:415" href="#fn:415">415</a></th><td>36</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Portuguese Albums (<a href="/facts/Associa%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o_Fonogr%25C3%25A1fica_Portuguesa/NfqwCKAK">AFP</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:416" href="#fn:416">416</a></th><td>178</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/UK_Albums_Chart/h1hyzP13">UK Albums</a> (<a href="/facts/Official_Charts_Company/42Rz2PXj">OCC</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:417" href="#fn:417">417</a></th><td>74</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><h3>Year-end charts</h3>1997 year-end chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th>Chart (1997)</th><th>Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Australian Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:418" href="#fn:418">418</a></th><td>72</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Belgian Albums Chart (Flanders)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:419" href="#fn:419">419</a></th><td>23</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Belgian Albums Chart (Wallonia)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:420" href="#fn:420">420</a></th><td>23</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canadian Albums Chart (Nielsen Soundscan)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:421" href="#fn:421">421</a></th><td>46</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Dutch Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:422" href="#fn:422">422</a></th><td>40</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">European Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:423" href="#fn:423">423</a></th><td>16</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">French Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:424" href="#fn:424">424</a></th><td>28</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">New Zealand Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:425" href="#fn:425">425</a></th><td>10</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Swedish Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:426" href="#fn:426">426</a></th><td>68</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">UK Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:427" href="#fn:427">427</a></th><td>8</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US Billboard 200<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:428" href="#fn:428">428</a></th><td>187</td></tr></tbody></table>1998 year-end chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th>Chart (1998)</th><th>Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Australian Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:429" href="#fn:429">429</a></th><td>86</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canadian RPM Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:430" href="#fn:430">430</a></th><td>69</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">European Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:431" href="#fn:431">431</a></th><td>19</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">New Zealand Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:432" href="#fn:432">432</a></th><td>19</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">UK Albums Chart<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:433" href="#fn:433">433</a></th><td>41</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US Billboard 200<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:434" href="#fn:434">434</a></th><td>142</td></tr></tbody></table>1999 year-end chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th>Chart (1999)</th><th>Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">UK Albums (OCC)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:435" href="#fn:435">435</a></th><td>182</td></tr></tbody></table>2002 year-end chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Chart (2002)</th><th scope="col">Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canadian Alternative Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:436" href="#fn:436">436</a></th><td>180</td></tr></tbody></table>2007 year-end chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th scope="column">Chart (2007)</th><th scope="column">Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:437" href="#fn:437">437</a></th><td>39</td></tr></tbody></table>2024 year-end chart performance for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th scope="column">Chart (2024)</th><th scope="column">Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Icelandic Albums (<a href="/facts/T%25C3%25B3nlistinn/xtbNMeMv">Tónlistinn</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:438" href="#fn:438">438</a></th><td>90</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2 id="certifications-and-sales">Certifications and sales</h2>
Sales certifications for OK Computer<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Region</th><th scope="col">Certification</th><th scope="col"><a href="/facts/List_of_music_recording_certifications/6CPQFNNn">Certified units</a>/sales</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Argentina (<a href="/facts/Argentine_Chamber_of_Phonograms_and_Videograms_Producers/wqywh5mm">CAPIF</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:439" href="#fn:439">439</a></th><td>Platinum</td><td>60,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Australia (<a href="/facts/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association/tg97mRCL">ARIA</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:440" href="#fn:440">440</a></th><td>Platinum</td><td>70,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Belgium (<a href="/facts/Belgian_Recorded_Music_Association/KY1D9hdn">BRMA</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:441" href="#fn:441">441</a></th><td>2× Platinum</td><td>100,000*</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canada (<a href="/facts/Music_Canada/aLB7HHJo">Music Canada</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:442" href="#fn:442">442</a></th><td>5× Platinum</td><td>500,000‡</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Denmark (<a href="/facts/IFPI_Danmark/GXuA0t2n">IFPI Danmark</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:443" href="#fn:443">443</a></th><td>4× Platinum</td><td>80,000‡</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">France (<a href="/facts/SNEP/lT0tPFLb">SNEP</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:444" href="#fn:444">444</a></th><td>2× Gold</td><td>200,000*</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Italy (<a href="/facts/Federazione_Industria_Musicale_Italiana/FDJwQrpX">FIMI</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:445" href="#fn:445">445</a> sales since 2009 </th><td>2× Platinum</td><td>100,000‡</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Japan (<a href="/facts/Recording_Industry_Association_of_Japan/dpTRNAPv">RIAJ</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:446" href="#fn:446">446</a></th><td>Gold</td><td>100,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Netherlands (<a href="/facts/NVPI/wMF5hU7M">NVPI</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:447" href="#fn:447">447</a></th><td>Platinum</td><td>100,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">New Zealand (<a href="/facts/Recorded_Music_NZ/KlQ6jDS4">RMNZ</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:448" href="#fn:448">448</a></th><td>Platinum</td><td>15,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Norway (<a href="/facts/International_Federation_of_the_Phonographic_Industry/h3f3zMVv">IFPI</a> Norway)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:449" href="#fn:449">449</a></th><td>Gold</td><td>25,000*</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Spain (<a href="/facts/Productores_de_M%25C3%25BAsica_de_Espa%25C3%25B1a/shAF30pQ">PROMUSICAE</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:450" href="#fn:450">450</a></th><td>Gold</td><td>50,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Sweden (<a href="/facts/Swedish_Recording_Industry_Association/E9QJ4wh1">GLF</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:451" href="#fn:451">451</a></th><td>Gold</td><td>40,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Switzerland (<a href="/facts/International_Federation_of_the_Phonographic_Industry/h3f3zMVv">IFPI</a> Switzerland)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:452" href="#fn:452">452</a></th><td>Gold</td><td>25,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">United Kingdom (<a href="/facts/British_Phonographic_Industry/G1QjcwBq">BPI</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:453" href="#fn:453">453</a></th><td>5× Platinum</td><td>1,579,415<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:454" href="#fn:454">454</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">United States (<a href="/facts/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America/8a7K0Ubf">RIAA</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:455" href="#fn:455">455</a></th><td>2× Platinum</td><td>2,000,000^</td></tr><tr><th scope="col" colspan="3">Summaries</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Europe (<a href="/facts/International_Federation_of_the_Phonographic_Industry/h3f3zMVv">IFPI</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:456" href="#fn:456">456</a></th><td>3× Platinum</td><td>3,000,000*</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">* Sales figures based on certification alone.^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2 id="notes">Notes</h2>
<h3>Footnotes</h3>

<h3>Citations</h3>

<h3>Bibliography</h3>

<ul><li>Britton, Amy (2011). Revolution Rock: The Albums Which Defined Two Ages. AuthorHouse. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4678-8710-6.</li>
<li>Clarke, Martin (2010). Radiohead: Hysterical and Useless. London: Plexus. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-85965-439-5.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Tim_Footman/vjPbtRJS">Footman, Tim</a> (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-84240-388-4.</li>
<li>Griffiths, Dai (2004). <a href="https://archive.org/details/okcomputer0000grif">OK Computer</a>. <a href="/facts/33%25E2%2585%2593/aJlMH911">33⅓</a> series. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-8264-1663-2.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/John_Harris_(critic)/kR5SqevT">Harris, John</a> (2004). Britpop!: Cool Britannia and the Spectacular Demise of English Rock. Cambridge: Da Capo Press. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-306-81367-X.</li>
<li>Letts, Marianne Tatom (2010). Radiohead and the Resistant Concept Album: How to Disappear Completely. Profiles in Popular Music. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-253-35570-6.</li>
<li>Lynskey, Dorian (2011). <a href="/facts/33_Revolutions_per_Minute_(book)/Gv3TV61T">33 Revolutions per Minute: A History of Protest Songs, from Billie Holiday to Green Day</a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-06-167015-2.</li>
<li>Moon, Tom (2008). <a href="https://archive.today/20240525110215/https://www.webcitation.org/60jDH5t2v?url=http://www.1000recordings.com/music/ok-computer/">"OK Computer"</a>. 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die. New York: Workman. pp. 627–628. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-85965-439-5. Archived from <a href="http://www.1000recordings.com/music/ok-computer/">the original</a> on 25 May 2024.</li>
<li>Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-385-33393-5.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Alex_Ross_(music_critic)/jB7odxU9">Ross, Alex</a> (2010). <a href="https://archive.org/details/listentothis00ross">Listen to This</a>. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-374-18774-3.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Rob_Sheffield/569nwLsP">Sheffield, Rob</a> (2004). <a href="https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac">"Radiohead"</a>. In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide. New York: Fireside. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-7432-0169-8.</li></ul>

<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Draper, Jason (2008). A Brief History of Album Covers. London: Flame Tree Publishing. pp. 330–331. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781847862112. <a href="/facts/OCLC_(identifier)/Yqad8waq">OCLC</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/227198538">227198538</a>.</li>
<li>Greene, Andy (16 June 2017). <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/radioheads-ok-computer-an-oral-history-196156/">"Radiohead's 'OK Computer': An Oral History"</a>. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 1 October 2023.</li></ul>
<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://www.discogs.com/master/21491">OK Computer</a> at <a href="/facts/Discogs/wdyMoREv">Discogs</a> (list of releases)</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">Footman 2007, p. 113. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">Robinson, Andrea (August 1997), "Nigel Godrich", The Mix <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">Randall 2000, p. 161. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">Footman 2007, p. 33. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">Cantin, Paul (19 October 1997), "Radiohead's OK Computer confounds expectations", Ottawa Sun <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Sun" target="_blank">/wiki/Ottawa_Sun</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">Richardson, Andy (9 December 1995), "Boom! Shake the Gloom!", NME <a href="/wiki/NME" target="_blank">/wiki/NME</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">Cavanagh, David (February 2007), "Communication Breakdown", Uncut <a href="/wiki/David_Cavanagh" target="_blank">/wiki/David_Cavanagh</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">Dalton, Stephen (August 2001), "How to Disappear Completely", Uncut <a href="/wiki/Uncut_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Uncut_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">Glover, Arian (1 August 1998), "Radiohead—Getting More Respect.", Circus <a href="/wiki/Circus_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Circus_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">Q, January 2003 <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">Footman 2007, p. 34. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">Randall 2000, p. 189. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">Randall 2000, pp. 190–191. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">Beauvallet, JD (25 January 2000), "Nigel the Nihilist", Les Inrockuptibles <a href="/wiki/Les_Inrockuptibles" target="_blank">/wiki/Les_Inrockuptibles</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">Randall 2000, pp. 190–191. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">Selway, Philip (June 2017). "X-Posure with John Kennedy". Radio X (Interview). Interviewed by John Kennedy. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. <a href="/wiki/Philip_Selway" target="_blank">/wiki/Philip_Selway</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">Doyle, Tom (April 2008), "The Complete Radiohead", Q <a href="https://archive.org/details/RHQCompleteRadiohead/page/n1/mode/2up" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/RHQCompleteRadiohead/page/n1/mode/2up</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">Randall 2000, p. 194. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:23">Folkerth, Bruce (13 August 1997), "Radiohead: Ignore the Hype", Flagpole <a href="/wiki/Flagpole_Magazine" target="_blank">/wiki/Flagpole_Magazine</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:24">Randall 2000, p. 195. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:25">Folkerth, Bruce (13 August 1997), "Radiohead: Ignore the Hype", Flagpole <a href="/wiki/Flagpole_Magazine" target="_blank">/wiki/Flagpole_Magazine</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:26">Walsh, Nick Paton (November 1997), "Karma Policeman", London Student, University of London Union <a href="/wiki/London_Student" target="_blank">/wiki/London_Student</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:27">McKinnon, Matthew (24 July 2006). "Everything in Its Right Place". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2018. <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/everything-in-its-right-place-1.587693" target="_blank">http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/everything-in-its-right-place-1.587693</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:28">Wylie, Harry (November 1997), "Radiohead", Total Guitar <a href="/wiki/Total_Guitar" target="_blank">/wiki/Total_Guitar</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:29">Pettigrew, Jason (September 2001), "How to Reinvent Completely", Alternative Press <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Press_(music_magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Alternative_Press_(music_magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:30">Randall 2000, p. 195. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:31">Footman 2007, p. 25. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:32">Greene, Andy (31 May 2017), "Radiohead's rhapsody in gloom: OK Computer 20 years later", Rolling Stone, archived from the original on 31 May 2017 <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/exclusive-thom-yorke-and-radiohead-on-ok-computer-w484570" target="_blank">https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/exclusive-thom-yorke-and-radiohead-on-ok-computer-w484570</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:33">Greene, Andy (13 December 2018). "Flashback: Radiohead open for Alanis Morissette in 1996". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 13 September 2024. <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/see-radiohead-play-paranoid-android-1996-768862/" target="_blank">https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/see-radiohead-play-paranoid-android-1996-768862/</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:34">"Radiohead: The Album, Song by Song, of the Year", HUMO, 22 July 1997 <a href="/wiki/HUMO" target="_blank">/wiki/HUMO</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:35">Footman 2007, p. 67. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:36">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:37">Randall 2000, p. 196. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:38">Masuo, Sandy (September 1997), "Subterranean Aliens", Request <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:39">Masuo, Sandy (September 1997), "Subterranean Aliens", Request <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:40">Footman 2007, p. 35. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:41">Harris, John (January 1998), "Renaissance Men", Select <a href="/wiki/John_Harris_(critic)" target="_blank">/wiki/John_Harris_(critic)</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:42">Vaziri, Aidin (October 1997), "British Pop Aesthetes", Guitar Player <a href="/wiki/Guitar_Player" target="_blank">/wiki/Guitar_Player</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:43">Masuo, Sandy (September 1997), "Subterranean Aliens", Request <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:44">Vaziri, Aidin (October 1997), "British Pop Aesthetes", Guitar Player <a href="/wiki/Guitar_Player" target="_blank">/wiki/Guitar_Player</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:45">Vaziri, Aidin (October 1997), "British Pop Aesthetes", Guitar Player <a href="/wiki/Guitar_Player" target="_blank">/wiki/Guitar_Player</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:46">Diehl, Matt (June 2004), "The 50th Anniversary of Rock: The Moments – 1996/1997: Radio Radiohead Get Paranoid", Rolling Stone <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" target="_blank">/wiki/Rolling_Stone</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:47">Sutcliffe, Phil (October 1999), "Radiohead: An Interview with Thom Yorke", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:48">Randall 2000, p. 198. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:49">Randall 2000, p. 199. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:50">Trendall, Andrew (17 October 2024). "Colin Greenwood on capturing 'the middle era' of Radiohead – and what's next for the band". NME. Retrieved 17 October 2024. <a href="https://www.nme.com/news/music/radiohead-interview-colin-greenwood-how-to-disappear-photo-book-band-future-tour-3803426" target="_blank">https://www.nme.com/news/music/radiohead-interview-colin-greenwood-how-to-disappear-photo-book-band-future-tour-3803426</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:51">Randall 2000, p. 200. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:52">Robinson, Andrea (August 1997), "Nigel Godrich", The Mix <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:53">Randall 2000, p. 200. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:54">"OK Computer turns 20". Time Out Abu Dhabi. Time Out Group. 5 June 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2024. <a href="https://timeoutabudhabi.com/music/77402-ok-computer-turns-20" target="_blank">https://timeoutabudhabi.com/music/77402-ok-computer-turns-20</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:55">DiMartino, Dave (2 May 1997). "Give Radiohead Your Computer". Yahoo! Launch. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814183856/http://music.yahoo.com/read/interview/12048024" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20070814183856/http://music.yahoo.com/read/interview/12048024</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:56">Sutcliffe, Phil (October 1999), "Radiohead: An Interview with Thom Yorke", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:57">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:58">Irvin, Jim (July 1997), "Thom Yorke tells Jim Irvin how OK Computer was done", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irvin" target="_blank">/wiki/Jim_Irvin</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:59">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997), "Everything was just fear", Select, p. 87 <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:60">DiMartino, Dave (2 May 1997). "Give Radiohead Your Computer". Yahoo! Launch. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814183856/http://music.yahoo.com/read/interview/12048024" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20070814183856/http://music.yahoo.com/read/interview/12048024</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:61">Bailie, Stuart (21 June 1997), "Viva la Megabytes!", NME <a href="/wiki/NME" target="_blank">/wiki/NME</a> <a href="#fnref:61" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:62">Walters, Barry (August 1997), "Radiohead: OK Computer (Capitol)", Spin, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 112–13, retrieved 6 April 2020 <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_uWz-QtMkI4C&pg=PA112" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=_uWz-QtMkI4C&pg=PA112</a> <a href="#fnref:62" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:63">Sanneh, Kelefa (19 June 2017), "The Persistence of Prog Rock", The New Yorker, archived from the original on 12 June 2017 <a href="/wiki/Kelefa_Sanneh" target="_blank">/wiki/Kelefa_Sanneh</a> <a href="#fnref:63" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:64">Allen, Matt (14 June 2007), "Prog's progeny", The Guardian, archived from the original on 4 April 2010 <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/aug/11/popandrock" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/aug/11/popandrock</a> <a href="#fnref:64" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:65">Greene, Andy (31 May 2017), "Radiohead's rhapsody in gloom: OK Computer 20 years later", Rolling Stone, archived from the original on 31 May 2017 <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/exclusive-thom-yorke-and-radiohead-on-ok-computer-w484570" target="_blank">https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/exclusive-thom-yorke-and-radiohead-on-ok-computer-w484570</a> <a href="#fnref:65" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:66">Hull, Tom (15 April 2007). "April 2007 Notebook". Tom Hull – on the Web. Retrieved 8 July 2020. <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hull_(critic)" target="_blank">/wiki/Tom_Hull_(critic)</a> <a href="#fnref:66" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:67">Sanneh, Kelefa (19 June 2017), "The Persistence of Prog Rock", The New Yorker, archived from the original on 12 June 2017 <a href="/wiki/Kelefa_Sanneh" target="_blank">/wiki/Kelefa_Sanneh</a> <a href="#fnref:67" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:68">Ross 2010, p. 88. - Ross, Alex (2010). Listen to This. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-18774-3. <a href="https://archive.org/details/listentothis00ross" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/listentothis00ross</a> <a href="#fnref:68" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:69">Footman 2007, pp. 142–150. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:69" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:70">Sutherland, Mark (24 May 1997), "Rounding the Bends", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:70" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:71">Sutcliffe, Phil (1 October 1997), "Death is all around", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:71" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:72">Sakamoto, John (2 June 1997), "Radiohead talk about their new video", Jam! <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Sakamoto&action=edit&redlink=1" target="_blank">/w/index.php?title=John_Sakamoto&action=edit&redlink=1</a> <a href="#fnref:72" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:73">Lynskey, Dorian (February 2011), "Welcome to the Machine", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:73" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:74">Conversely, other critics have also argued that OK Computer is a concept album only in part, or in a nontraditional or qualified sense, or is not a concept album at all. See Letts 2010, pp. 28–32 - Letts, Marianne Tatom (2010). Radiohead and the Resistant Concept Album: How to Disappear Completely. Profiles in Popular Music. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-35570-6. <a href="#fnref:74" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:75">Masuo, Sandy (September 1997), "Subterranean Aliens", Request <a href="#fnref:75" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:76">Wadsworth, Tony (20 December 1997), "The Making of OK Computer", The Guardian <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" target="_blank">/wiki/The_Guardian</a> <a href="#fnref:76" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:77">Letts 2010, pp. 32. - Letts, Marianne Tatom (2010). Radiohead and the Resistant Concept Album: How to Disappear Completely. Profiles in Popular Music. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-35570-6. <a href="#fnref:77" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:78">Clarke 2010, p. 124. - Clarke, Martin (2010). Radiohead: Hysterical and Useless. London: Plexus. ISBN 978-0-85965-439-5. <a href="#fnref:78" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:79">Wadsworth, Tony (20 December 1997), "The Making of OK Computer", The Guardian <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" target="_blank">/wiki/The_Guardian</a> <a href="#fnref:79" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:80">Randall, Mac (1 April 1998). "Radiohead interview: The Golden Age of Radiohead". Guitar World. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003065151/http://www.guitarworld.com/radiohead_the_golden_age_of_radiohead?page=0,3" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20121003065151/http://www.guitarworld.com/radiohead_the_golden_age_of_radiohead?page=0,3</a> <a href="#fnref:80" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:81">Footman 2007, p. 42. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:81" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:82">Footman 2007, p. 43. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:82" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:83">Hall, Parker (4 February 2016). "Thom Yorke to auction original Radiohead lyrics, written inside a William Blake novel". Digital Trends. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. <a href="https://www.digitaltrends.com/music/radioheads-thom-yorke-auction-handwritten-lyrics/" target="_blank">https://www.digitaltrends.com/music/radioheads-thom-yorke-auction-handwritten-lyrics/</a> <a href="#fnref:83" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:84">Sutcliffe, Phil (1 October 1997), "Death is all around", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:84" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:85">Dowling, Stephen (20 April 2009). "What pop music tells us about JG Ballard". BBC. Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 17 January 2017. <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8008277.stm" target="_blank">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8008277.stm</a> <a href="#fnref:85" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:86">Footman 2007, p. 46. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:86" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:87">Randall 2000, pp. 214–215. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:87" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:88">Sutherland, Mark (31 May 1997), "Return of the Mac!", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:88" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:89">Sutcliffe, Phil (1 October 1997), "Death is all around", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:89" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:90">Sutherland, Mark (31 May 1997), "Return of the Mac!", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:90" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:91">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997), "Everything was just fear", Select, p. 87 <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:91" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:92">Footman 2007, p. 62. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:92" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:93">Footman 2007, pp. 60–61. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:93" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:94">Footman 2007, pp. 59–60. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:94" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:95">Sutherland, Mark (31 May 1997), "Return of the Mac!", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:95" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:96">Footman 2007, p. 67. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:96" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:97">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997). "I was feeling incredible hysteria and panic ...". Select: 92. <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:97" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:98">Randall 2000, p. 154. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:98" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:99">Footman 2007, p. 66. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:99" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:100">Footman 2007, p. 66. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:100" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:101">Wylie, Harry (November 1997), "Radiohead", Total Guitar <a href="/wiki/Total_Guitar" target="_blank">/wiki/Total_Guitar</a> <a href="#fnref:101" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:102">Dalton, Stephen (September 1997), "The Dour & The Glory", Vox <a href="/wiki/Vox_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Vox_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:102" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:103">Footman 2007, p. 67. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:103" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:104">Footman 2007, p. 73. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:104" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:105">Randall, Mac (1 April 1998). "Radiohead interview: The Golden Age of Radiohead". Guitar World. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003065151/http://www.guitarworld.com/radiohead_the_golden_age_of_radiohead?page=0,3" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20121003065151/http://www.guitarworld.com/radiohead_the_golden_age_of_radiohead?page=0,3</a> <a href="#fnref:105" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:106">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997). "I was feeling incredible hysteria and panic ...". Select: 92. <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:106" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:107">Sutherland, Mark (31 May 1997), "Return of the Mac!", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:107" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:108">Sutcliffe, Phil (October 1999), "Radiohead: An Interview with Thom Yorke", Q <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:108" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:109">Gaitskill, Mary (April 1998), "Radiohead: Alarms and Surprises", Alternative Press <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Press_(music_magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Alternative_Press_(music_magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:109" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:110">Huey, Steve. "Karma Police". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/song/karma-police-t1416670" target="_blank">https://www.allmusic.com/song/karma-police-t1416670</a> <a href="#fnref:110" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:111">Huey, Steve. "Karma Police". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/song/karma-police-t1416670" target="_blank">https://www.allmusic.com/song/karma-police-t1416670</a> <a href="#fnref:111" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:112">Lowe, Steve (December 1999), "Back to Save the Universe", Select <a href="/wiki/Select_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Select_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:112" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:113">Footman 2007, p. 79. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:113" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:114">Kent, Nick (July 1997), "Press your space next to mine, love", Mojo <a href="/wiki/Nick_Kent" target="_blank">/wiki/Nick_Kent</a> <a href="#fnref:114" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:115">Huey, Steve. "Karma Police". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/song/karma-police-t1416670" target="_blank">https://www.allmusic.com/song/karma-police-t1416670</a> <a href="#fnref:115" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:116">Randall, Mac (1 April 1998). "Radiohead interview: The Golden Age of Radiohead". Guitar World. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003065151/http://www.guitarworld.com/radiohead_the_golden_age_of_radiohead?page=0,3" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20121003065151/http://www.guitarworld.com/radiohead_the_golden_age_of_radiohead?page=0,3</a> <a href="#fnref:116" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:117">Footman 2007, p. 79. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:117" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:118">Sutherland, Mark (31 May 1997), "Return of the Mac!", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:118" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:119">Doyle, Tom (April 2008), "The Complete Radiohead", Q <a href="https://archive.org/details/RHQCompleteRadiohead/page/n1/mode/2up" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/RHQCompleteRadiohead/page/n1/mode/2up</a> <a href="#fnref:119" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:120">Randall 2000, pp. 158–159. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:120" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:121">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997). "I was feeling incredible hysteria and panic ...". Select: 92. <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:121" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:122">Sutherland, Mark (31 May 1997), "Return of the Mac!", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:122" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:123">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997). "I was feeling incredible hysteria and panic ...". Select: 92. <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:123" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:124">Randall 2000, pp. 158–159. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:124" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:125">Harris, John (January 1998), "Renaissance Men", Select <a href="/wiki/John_Harris_(critic)" target="_blank">/wiki/John_Harris_(critic)</a> <a href="#fnref:125" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:126">Lowe, Steve (December 1999), "Back to Save the Universe", Select <a href="/wiki/Select_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Select_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:126" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:127">Footman 2007, p. 86. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:127" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:128">Steele, Sam (July 1997), "Grand Control to Major Thom", Vox <a href="/wiki/Vox_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Vox_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:128" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:129">Sullivan, Caroline (13 June 1997), "Aching Heads", The Guardian <a href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guardian/144405943/" target="_blank">https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guardian/144405943/</a> <a href="#fnref:129" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:130">Randall 2000, pp. 158–159. - Randall, Mac (2000). Exit Music: The Radiohead Story. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-385-33393-5. <a href="#fnref:130" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:131">Footman 2007, pp. 93–94. - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:131" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:132">"The 100 Greatest Albums in the Universe", Q, February 1998 <a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Q_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:132" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:133">Kuipers, Dean (March 1998), "Fridge Buzz Now", Ray Gun <a href="/wiki/Ray_Gun_(magazine)" target="_blank">/wiki/Ray_Gun_(magazine)</a> <a href="#fnref:133" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:134">Moran, Caitlin (July 1997). "I was feeling incredible hysteria and panic ...". Select: 92. <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Moran" target="_blank">/wiki/Caitlin_Moran</a> <a href="#fnref:134" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:135">Sakamoto, John (2 June 1997), "Radiohead talk about their new video", Jam! <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Sakamoto&action=edit&redlink=1" target="_blank">/w/index.php?title=John_Sakamoto&action=edit&redlink=1</a> <a href="#fnref:135" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:136">Wadsworth, Tony (20 December 1997), "The Making of OK Computer", The Guardian <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" target="_blank">/wiki/The_Guardian</a> <a href="#fnref:136" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:193">For example, the line "in a deep deep sleep of the innocent" from "Airbag" is rendered as ">in a deep deep sssleep of tHe inno$ent/completely terrified". See Footman 2007, p. 45 - Footman, Tim (2007). Welcome to the Machine: OK Computer and the Death of the Classic Album. New Malden: Chrome Dreams. ISBN 978-1-84240-388-4. <a href="#fnref:193" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:333">Dwyer, Michael (14 March 1998), "OK Kangaroo", Melody Maker <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" target="_blank">/wiki/Melody_Maker</a> <a href="#fnref:333" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:335">Moon 2008, pp. 627–628. - Moon, Tom (2008). "OK Computer". 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die. New York: Workman. pp. 627–628. ISBN 978-0-85965-439-5. Archived from the original on 25 May 2024. <a href="https://archive.today/20240525110215/https://www.webcitation.org/60jDH5t2v?url=http://www.1000recordings.com/music/ok-computer/" target="_blank">https://archive.today/20240525110215/https://www.webcitation.org/60jDH5t2v?url=http://www.1000recordings.com/music/ok-computer/</a> <a href="#fnref:335" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:338">Britpop, which reached its peak popularity in the mid-1990s and was led by bands such as Oasis, Blur and Pulp, was typified by nostalgic homage to British rock of the 1960s and 1970s. The genre was a key element of the broader cultural movement Cool Britannia. Starting in 1997, a number of events marked the end of the genre's heyday; these included Blur spurning the conventional Britpop sound on Blur and Oasis' Be Here Now failing to live up to the expectations of critics and the public. See Footman 2007, pp. 177–178 <a href="/wiki/Oasis_(band)" target="_blank">/wiki/Oasis_(band)</a> <a href="#fnref:338" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:339">Petridis, Alexis (22 June 2023). "Glastonbury headline sets – ranked!". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 June 2023. <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Petridis" target="_blank">/wiki/Alexis_Petridis</a> <a href="#fnref:339" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:343">Hyden, Steven (25 January 2011), "Whatever Happened to Alternative Nation? Part 8: 1997: The ballad of Oasis and Radiohead", The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 1 August 2011 <a href="https://www.avclub.com/part-8-1997-the-ballad-of-oasis-and-radiohead-1798223989" target="_blank">https://www.avclub.com/part-8-1997-the-ballad-of-oasis-and-radiohead-1798223989</a> <a href="#fnref:343" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:344">Specifically, critics have cited the album's influence on Muse, Coldplay, Snow Patrol, Keane, Travis, Doves, Badly Drawn Boy, Editors and Elbow. See:
Aza, Bharat (15 June 2007), "Ten years of OK Computer and what have we got?", The Guardian, archived from the original on 6 August 2011
Eisenbeis, Hans (July 2001), "The Empire Strikes Back", Spin
Richards, Sam (8 April 2009), "Album review: Radiohead Reissues – Collectors Editions", Uncut, archived from the original on 6 December 2010, retrieved 29 August 2011
 <a href="/wiki/Coldplay" target="_blank">/wiki/Coldplay</a> <a href="#fnref:344" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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</ol>

OK Computer open-in-new

OK Computer