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Theoretical linguistics
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<h2 id="fields-of-linguistics-proper">Fields of linguistics proper</h2> <p>When the concept of theoretical linguistics is taken to refer to <i>core</i> or <i>internal linguistics</i>, it means the study of the parts of the language system. This traditionally means <a href="/facts/Phonology/qWAsvnok">phonology</a>, <a href="/facts/Morphology_(linguistics)/fWkzsYE8">morphology</a>, <a href="/facts/Syntax/6PxSV98p">syntax</a> and <a href="/facts/Semantics/1L4WwLAP">semantics</a>. <a href="/facts/Pragmatics/KkK08yyI">Pragmatics</a> and <a href="/facts/Discourse_analysis/aoqbxvVW">discourse</a> can also be included; delimitation varies between institutions. Furthermore, Saussure's definition of general linguistics consists of the dichotomy of <a href="/facts/Synchrony_and_diachrony/6xbpCYhK">synchronic and diachronic linguistics</a>, thus including <a href="/facts/Historical_linguistics/nj5y6HDR">historical linguistics</a> as a core issue.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="linguistic-theories">Linguistic theories</h2> <p class="note">See also: <a href="/facts/Theory_of_language/DbWRVIR9">Theory of language</a></p><p>There are various frameworks of linguistic theory which include a general theory of language and a general theory of <a href="/facts/Linguistic_description/Hs0halB8">linguistic description</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> Current humanistic approaches include theories within <a href="/facts/Structural_linguistics/lbAbLF8h">structural linguistics</a> and <a href="/facts/Functional_linguistics/kjkTVX2L">functional linguistics</a>. In addition to the humanistic approaches of structural linguistics and functional linguistics, the field of theoretical linguistics encompasses other frameworks and perspectives. <a href="/facts/Evolutionary_linguistics/bVB3dPbV">Evolutionary linguistics</a> is one such framework that investigates the origins and development of language from an evolutionary and cognitive perspective. It incorporates various models within <a href="/facts/Generative_grammar/Pm1AMX5U">generative grammar</a>, which seeks to explain language structure through formal rules and transformations. <a href="/facts/Cognitive_linguistics/Qu4DApFf">Cognitive linguistics</a> and <a href="/facts/Cognitive_approaches_to_grammar/DDQvvlTh">cognitive approaches to grammar</a>, on the other hand, focuses on the relationship between language and cognition, exploring how language reflects and influences our thought processes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Theoretical_Linguistics_(journal)/h33GuEab"><i>Theoretical Linguistics</i></a> – journal</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Course_in_General_Linguistics/oohsyz5A">Course in General Linguistics</a></i></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Hamp, Eric P.; Ivić, Pavle; Lyons, John (2020). Linguistics. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. ISBN 9783110289770. Retrieved 2020-08-03. <a href="9783110289770" target="_blank">9783110289770</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Graffi, Giorgio (2009). "20th century linguistics: overview of trends". Concise Encyclopedia of Philosophy of Language and Linguistics. Elsevier. pp. 780–794. ISBN 9780080965017. <a href="9780080965017" target="_blank">9780080965017</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Graffi, Giorgio (2009). "20th century linguistics: overview of trends". Concise Encyclopedia of Philosophy of Language and Linguistics. Elsevier. pp. 780–794. ISBN 9780080965017. <a href="9780080965017" target="_blank">9780080965017</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Hamp, Eric P.; Ivić, Pavle; Lyons, John (2020). Linguistics. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. ISBN 9783110289770. Retrieved 2020-08-03. <a href="9783110289770" target="_blank">9783110289770</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Harris, Tony (2001). "Linguistics in applied linguistics: a historical overview". Journal of English Studies. 3 (2): 99–114. doi:10.18172/jes.72. Retrieved 2020-08-03. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28064313" target="_blank">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28064313</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>de Saussure, Ferdinand (1959) [First published 1916]. Course in General Linguistics (PDF). New York: Philosophy Library. ISBN 9780231157278. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-08. Retrieved 2020-08-03. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) <a href="9780231157278" target="_blank">9780231157278</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Harris, Tony (2001). "Linguistics in applied linguistics: a historical overview". Journal of English Studies. 3 (2): 99–114. doi:10.18172/jes.72. Retrieved 2020-08-03. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28064313" target="_blank">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28064313</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"General linguistics". University of Helsinki. 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-03. <a href="https://www.helsinki.fi/en/faculty-of-arts/research/disciplines/languages/general-linguistics" target="_blank">https://www.helsinki.fi/en/faculty-of-arts/research/disciplines/languages/general-linguistics</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>de Saussure, Ferdinand (1959) [First published 1916]. Course in General Linguistics (PDF). New York: Philosophy Library. ISBN 9780231157278. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-08. Retrieved 2020-08-03. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) <a href="9780231157278" target="_blank">9780231157278</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Linguistic Theory ScienceDirect. Retrieved 19 May 2023. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/linguistic-theory" target="_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/linguistic-theory</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Linguistic Theory ScienceDirect. Retrieved 19 May 2023. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/linguistic-theory" target="_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/linguistic-theory</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>