Baining languages

<h2 id="languages">Languages</h2>
<p>The languages are:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Mali_language/YyY7AfRe">Mali</a> (2,200 speakers)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Qaqet_language/mBfjccya">Qaqet</a> (6,400 speakers)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Kairak_language/a56P44Es">Kairak</a> (900 speakers)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Simbali_language/GuaCLD42">Simbali</a> (450 speakers)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ura_language_(Papua_New_Guinea)/jJ4xgVUV">Ura</a> (1,900 speakers)</li></ul>
<p>Extinct <a href="/facts/Makolkol_language/p94Wh8Mn">Makolkol</a> neighbored the (other) Baining languages to their southwest but is unattested.
</p>
<h2 id="vocabulary-comparison">Vocabulary comparison</h2>
<p>The following basic vocabulary words are from SIL field notes (1970, 1971, 1975), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a>
</p><p>The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. <i>sʌdᶺm</i>, <i>asdɛmgi</i> for “ear”) or not (e.g. <i>tʌƀəřʌk</i>, <i>it</i> for “louse”).
</p>
<table><tbody><tr><th>gloss</th><th><a href="/facts/ISO_639%3agcc/YyY7AfRe">Mali (Makunga dialect)</a></th><th><a href="/facts/ISO_639%3agcc/YyY7AfRe">Mali (Arambum dialect)</a></th><th><a href="/facts/ISO_639%3abyx/mBfjccya">Qaget</a></th><th><a href="/facts/ISO_639%3auro/jJ4xgVUV">Ura</a></th></tr><tr><th>head</th><td>aŋʌpʌski</td><td>uwʌski</td><td>niŋaǥa; ʌ niŋʌg̶ʌ</td><td>amʌ niŋʌɣi; auwʌski; ʌmʌ niŋʌɣɩ</td></tr><tr><th>hair</th><td>aɣʌsɛŋ</td><td>ǥʌsɛŋ</td><td>aǥsiŋ; ʌg̶asiŋ</td><td>aɣʌsɛŋ; kʌsiŋ; kʌsɩŋ</td></tr><tr><th>ear</th><td>sʌdᶺm</td><td>asdɛmgi</td><td>asndəmgi; sədəmki</td><td>asdʌmgi; dʌsdəmgɩ; dʌsdəmgi</td></tr><tr><th>eye</th><td>saǥɔŋ</td><td>saǥoŋ</td><td>ʌ rʌsʌkŋiʌm; saknaǥa</td><td>asauɣoŋ; ʌ̂ sʌǥon; ʌ sʌǥoŋ</td></tr><tr><th>nose</th><td>kulimki</td><td>ulɩmgi</td><td>ǥəřɩmki; ʌ rʌg̶ʌrimgi</td><td>awʌlyʌmgi; ʌ ǥulimgɩ; ʌ ǥulimgi</td></tr><tr><th>tooth</th><td>alkɛŋ</td><td>ǥɛŋ</td><td>ařkiŋ; ařkingi</td><td>atkiŋgi; ʌ ǥʌřʌ; naeyɛŋ; næyɛŋ</td></tr><tr><th>tongue</th><td>aǥulbiŋka</td><td>ǥɔbɩnga</td><td>ǥalbinka; og̶lbinga</td><td>aɣuebunga; duɛbingʌ</td></tr><tr><th>leg</th><td>alaǥar; səlʌpiřom</td><td>aǥař</td><td>ʌ laiŋyat; ɩlaiŋ</td><td>ʌgʌřʌ</td></tr><tr><th>louse</th><td>tʌƀəřʌk</td><td>it</td><td>ᶩait; ʌ ɛɛtki</td><td>məaιt; məait; ɩr̰aɩt</td></tr><tr><th>dog</th><td>paimka</td><td>imga</td><td>daŋka; ʌ dʌŋgʌ</td><td>imga; mɛmgʌ</td></tr><tr><th>pig</th><td>ƀlam; pᶺlᶺmkah</td><td>ƀɛmgah</td><td>ƀiləmgʌ; ƀlam</td><td>ƀɩɛmgʌ; ƀiɛmgʌ; wemga</td></tr><tr><th>bird</th><td>isᶺmka</td><td>i sʌmga</td><td>waiṱki; ʌ wʌitka</td><td>ɛɛ'sumgʌ; ɛɛsumgʌ; isʌmga</td></tr><tr><th>egg</th><td>pa·lo</td><td>la</td><td>luaǥa; ʌ luʌg̶ʌ</td><td>duřaiṱ; duřaιt̯; luaɣa</td></tr><tr><th>blood</th><td>ambias</td><td>abiʌska</td><td>ʌg̶ʌřʌkʌ; ǥəřəka</td><td>a biaska; biʌskʌ</td></tr><tr><th>bone</th><td>səlʌp</td><td>atlɨp</td><td>lan; sləpki</td><td>a Lləp; ʌ Lləp; o slʌpki</td></tr><tr><th>skin</th><td>kᶺndʌnki</td><td>ŋᶺndᶺŋ</td><td>ǥət·dinki; ʌrʌgʌtdəŋit</td><td>aslɩɣɩge; ʌ sliyɩgɛ; ʌ sliyigɛ</td></tr><tr><th>breast</th><td>kʌmkʌ</td><td>ǥumukh</td><td>ǥomʌk; og̶əmək</td><td>at gəmuk; atkʌmuk</td></tr><tr><th>tree</th><td>amʌŋka</td><td>ŋumuŋ</td><td>mʌŋkha; munkʌ</td><td>ʌ muŋgʌ; ŋʌmuga</td></tr><tr><th>man</th><td>aroǥa; umᶺska</td><td>umʌska</td><td>ǥwatka; ʌ g̶wʌtkʌ</td><td>gamoɛɣa; gʌmuɛgʌ</td></tr><tr><th>woman</th><td>lɛƀɔpki</td><td>aƀopəkin</td><td>nanki; ʌ nʌngi</td><td>ɛwəpkɩ; ɛwəpki; Ewopki</td></tr><tr><th>sun</th><td>kunʌŋka</td><td>wunɛŋga</td><td>ʌ niřag̶a; niřaǥa; nɩlaǥa</td><td>ɣunʌga; wunʌgʌ</td></tr><tr><th>moon</th><td>ayaƀunki</td><td>'aǥɔngi</td><td>yaǥunki; ʌ yɔg̶ungi</td><td>yaǥunǥɩ; yaɣungi; yʌǥungi</td></tr><tr><th>water</th><td>ařɛŋki</td><td>řiŋgi</td><td>ǥřapki; ʌ kʌinʌg̶i</td><td>mʌřiŋgi; mʌřɩŋgɩ; rigi</td></tr><tr><th>fire</th><td>a mundʌm</td><td>mudʌmbʌs</td><td>altiŋki; ʌltiŋgi</td><td>mundʌbʌs; mundʌm</td></tr><tr><th>stone</th><td>dulki</td><td>diǥa</td><td>ʌ dulkʌ; dulka</td><td>duɩɣa; mʌ duɩ; mʌ dui</td></tr><tr><th>road, path</th><td>aiskah</td><td>iskah</td><td>aiskʌ; aiska</td><td>iska; mʌiskʌ; mʌɩskʌ</td></tr><tr><th>name</th><td>aŋařɛpki</td><td>ŋʌrɩpkih</td><td>dyiʌringi namgi; řɨnki</td><td>diŋyiřipki; diŋyɩrɩpkɩ; ŋʌr̰iþki</td></tr><tr><th>eat</th><td>katɨs</td><td>katɨs</td><td>ka tɨs; kʌ təs</td><td>ɣat tʌs; ka ts; kʌ təs</td></tr><tr><th>one</th><td>asʌŋgʌk</td><td>sɛgɨkh</td><td>ǥwanaska; og̶unʌskʌ</td><td>sɩgʌk; sʌgʌk; sigʌk</td></tr><tr><th>two</th><td>aundom</td><td>udion</td><td>ǥwanasiam; og̶unʌsiʌm</td><td>undiom; undɩom</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05. <a href="http://transnewguinea.org/family/east-new-britain" target="_blank">http://transnewguinea.org/family/east-new-britain</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

Baining languages open-in-new

Baining languages