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Spatial turn
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>Academics such as German philosopher <a href="/facts/Ernst_Cassirer/AsMY88Bb">Ernst Cassirer</a> and American historian <a href="/facts/Lewis_Mumford/Hr5GNH1A">Lewis Mumford</a> helped to define a sense of "community" and "commons" in their studies, forming the first part of a "spatial turn."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> The turn developed more comprehensively in the later 20th century in French academic theories, such as those of <a href="/facts/Michel_Foucault/rWu19rjx">Michel Foucault</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>Technologies have also played an important role in "turns." The introduction of <a href="/facts/Geographic_Information_Systems/PoP1kVoa">Geographic Information Systems</a> (GIS) has also been instrumental in quantifying data in the humanities for study by its place.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> In the 21st century, the increasing availability of smaller scale geographic data tracking individuals through mobile phones has led the spatial turn to spawn the <a href="/facts/Mobilities/qCn1x9F4">mobilities turn</a> which focuses on the movement of people, ideas, and things through space.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="bibliography">Bibliography</h2> <ul><li>Berti, Irene (2024). "Der spatial turn in den klassischen Altertumswissenschaften (und speziell in der Epigraphik)". <i><a href="/facts/Journal_of_Ancient_Civilizations/gA8ADS2C">Journal of Ancient Civilizations</a></i>. 39 (1): 99–121.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Guldi, Jo (2011). "What is the Spatial Turn?". Scholars Lab – University of Virginia Library. Retrieved 22 October 2014. <a href="http://spatial.scholarslab.org/spatial-turn/what-is-the-spatial-turn/" target="_blank">http://spatial.scholarslab.org/spatial-turn/what-is-the-spatial-turn/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Cordulack, Evan (17 October 2011). "What is the "Spatial Turn"? A Beginner's Look". College of William and Mary. Retrieved 22 October 2014. <a href="http://at.blogs.wm.edu/what-is-the-spatial-turn-a-beginners-look/" target="_blank">http://at.blogs.wm.edu/what-is-the-spatial-turn-a-beginners-look/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Berti 2024, p. 99. - Berti, Irene (2024). "Der spatial turn in den klassischen Altertumswissenschaften (und speziell in der Epigraphik)". Journal of Ancient Civilizations. 39 (1): 99–121. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Guldi, Jo (2011). "What is the Spatial Turn?". Scholars Lab – University of Virginia Library. Retrieved 22 October 2014. <a href="http://spatial.scholarslab.org/spatial-turn/what-is-the-spatial-turn/" target="_blank">http://spatial.scholarslab.org/spatial-turn/what-is-the-spatial-turn/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Guldi, Jo (2011). "What is the Spatial Turn?". Scholars Lab – University of Virginia Library. Retrieved 22 October 2014. <a href="http://spatial.scholarslab.org/spatial-turn/what-is-the-spatial-turn/" target="_blank">http://spatial.scholarslab.org/spatial-turn/what-is-the-spatial-turn/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Cordulack, Evan (17 October 2011). "What is the "Spatial Turn"? A Beginner's Look". College of William and Mary. Retrieved 22 October 2014. <a href="http://at.blogs.wm.edu/what-is-the-spatial-turn-a-beginners-look/" target="_blank">http://at.blogs.wm.edu/what-is-the-spatial-turn-a-beginners-look/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Sheller, Mimi (July 2017). "From spatial turn to mobilities turn". Current Sociology. 65 (4): 623–639. doi:10.1177/0011392117697463. ISSN 0011-3921 – via Sage. <a href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0011392117697463" target="_blank">http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0011392117697463</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>