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Autoinducer-2
open-in-new
<h2 id="mimicry-by-host-cells">Mimicry by host cells</h2> <p>It has been found that in response to bacteria or to disruption of the <a href="/facts/Tight_junction/CXxxM5H5">tight junction</a>, <a href="/facts/Mammal/phSwTzBo">mammalian</a> <a href="/facts/Epithelium/ecKHcHC3">epithelial</a> cells synthesize an AI-2 mimic that triggers quorum sensing and may play an important role in enlisting gut microbes that are known to assist in epithelial healing. In reporting these findings, the researchers write that their results “suggest that <a href="/facts/Kingdom_(biology)/QGRKbHos">crosskingdom</a> communication occurs between <a href="/facts/Eukaryotic/SkwyPLMA">eukaryotic</a> cells and bacteria via the AI-2 bacterial quorum-sensing system.”<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Cao, Jie-Gang; Meighen, Edward A. (1989). "Purification and structural identification of an autoinducer for the luminescence system of Vibrio harveyi". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264 (36): 21670–21676. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(20)88238-6. PMID 2600086. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0021-9258%2820%2988238-6" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0021-9258%2820%2988238-6</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Miller, Stephen T.; Xavier, Karina B.; Campagna, Shawn R.; Taga, Michiko E.; Semmelhack, Martin F.; Bassler, Bonnie L.; Hughson, Frederick M. (2004). "Salmonella typhimurium Recognizes a Chemically Distinct Form of the Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Signal AI-2". Molecular Cell. 15 (5): 677–687. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.07.020. PMID 15350213. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2004.07.020" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2004.07.020</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Miller, M. B.; Bassler, B. L. (2001). "Quorum sensing in bacteria". Annual Review of Microbiology. 55: 165–199. doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.165. PMID 11544353. <a href="/wiki/Annual_Review_of_Microbiology" target="_blank">/wiki/Annual_Review_of_Microbiology</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Chemistry - Queen Mary University of London". <a href="http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/reaction/misc/AI2.html" target="_blank">http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/reaction/misc/AI2.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Rezzonico, F.; Smits, T.H.M.; Duffy, B. (2012). "Detection of AI-2 receptors in genomes of Enterobacteriaceae suggests a role of type-2 quorum sensing in closed ecosystems". Sensors. 12 (5): 6645–6665. Bibcode:2012Senso..12.6645R. doi:10.3390/s120506645. PMC 3386761. PMID 22778662. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3386761" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3386761</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Wang, Liang; Hashimoto, Yoshifumi; Tsao, Chen-Yu; Valdes, James J.; Bentley, William E. (2005). "Cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cAMP Receptor Protein Influence both Synthesis and Uptake of Extracellular Autoinducer 2 in Escherichia coli". Journal of Bacteriology. 187 (6): 2066–2076. doi:10.1128/JB.187.6.2066-2076.2005. PMC 1064054. PMID 15743955. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1064054" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1064054</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Diggle, S. P.; Gardner, A.; West, S. A.; Griffin, A. S. (2007). "Evolutionary theory of bacterial quorum sensing: when is a signal not a signal?". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 362 (1483): 1241–1249. doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2049. PMC 2435587. PMID 17360270. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2435587" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2435587</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Rezzonico, F.; Duffy, B. (2008). "Lack of genomic evidence of AI-2 receptors suggests a non-quorum sensing role for luxS in most bacteria". BMC Microbiology. 8: 154. doi:10.1186/1471-2180-8-154. PMC 2561040. PMID 18803868. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2561040" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2561040</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Ismail, Anisa S.; Valastyan, Julie S.; Bassler, Bonnie L. (March 17, 2016). "A Host-Produced Autoinducer-2 Mimic Activates Bacterial Quorum Sensing". Cell Host & Microbe. 19 (4): 470–480. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.02.020. PMC 4869860. PMID 26996306. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869860" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869860</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>