Jitter, the deviation from true periodicity in signal timing, is often expressed as a fraction of the UI. For instance, jitter of 0.01 UI means the signal's timing shifts by 1% of the UI duration.
Using UI for jitter measurements allows consistent comparisons across systems with different symbol rates, as jitter often depends on the symbol duration. This works when jitter is closely linked to the timing of each symbol. This approach is common in serial communications and on-chip clock systems.
This measurement unit is extensively used in jitter literature. Examples can be found in various ITU-T Recommendations,1 or in the tutorial from Ransom Stephens.2
ITU-T G.825 TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS Digital networks. Quality and availability targets (03/2000) ↩
Tektronix Jitter 360° Knowledge Series rom http://www.tek.com/learning/ http://www.tek.com/learning/ ↩