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Monolithic system
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<h2 id="in-application-software">In application software</h2> <p>In <a href="/facts/Application_software/YQuj7Kog">application software</a>, software is called "monolithic" if it has a monolithic architecture, in which functionally distinguishable aspects (for example data input and output, data processing, error handling, and the user interface) are all interwoven, rather than containing architecturally separate components.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> Software systems like this are examples of <a href="/facts/Monolithic_application/D31hj2CK">monolithic applications</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="in-hardware">In hardware</h2> <p>An electronic <a href="/facts/Computer_hardware/8jSjsCNv">hardware system</a>, such as a <a href="/facts/Multi-core/ABNb65hQ">multi-core</a> processor, is called "monolithic" if its components are integrated together in a single <a href="/facts/Integrated_circuit/fjn6vg7C">integrated circuit</a>. Note that such a system may consist of architecturally separate components – in a multi-core system, each core forms a separate component – as long as they are realized on a single <a href="/facts/Die_(integrated_circuit)/XWvdlltE">die</a>. </p> <h2 id="in-system-software">In system software</h2> <p>In <a href="/facts/System_software/0faaXG4d">system software</a>, a <a href="/facts/Monolithic_kernel/33kvBcT9">monolithic kernel</a> is an <a href="/facts/Operating_system/8XTuvMh2">operating system</a> (OS) architecture where the entire OS is working in <a href="/facts/Kernel_space/0yIzMY8t">kernel space</a>. </p> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Rod Stephens (2 March 2015). Beginning Software Engineering. John Wiley & Sons. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-118-96916-8. <a href="978-1-118-96916-8" target="_blank">978-1-118-96916-8</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Harris, Chandler (2022). "Microservices vs. monolithic architecture: When monoliths grow too big it may be time to transition to microservices". atlassian.com. <a href="https://www.atlassian.com/microservices/microservices-architecture/microservices-vs-monolith" target="_blank">https://www.atlassian.com/microservices/microservices-architecture/microservices-vs-monolith</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>