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Peter Brimblecombe
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<h2 id="education-and-career">Education and career</h2> <p>Brimblecombe was born in Canberra, Australia and educated at the <a href="/facts/University_of_Auckland/J1DeQIhv">University of Auckland</a>, New Zealand, where he earned a BSc (1970), MSc (1971), and PhD in chemistry (1973).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> His thesis, studying the aqueous chemistry of environmental <a href="/facts/Sulfur_dioxide/jDK1fIDs">sulfur dioxide</a>, was supervised by David John Spedding.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> Following his doctorate, he worked in Fiji for a year, lecturing in inorganic chemistry at the School of Natural Resources of the <a href="/facts/University_of_the_South_Pacific/1SxdoU2f">University of the South Pacific</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> In 1974, he relocated to Britain to become first a lecturer then a professor in atmospheric chemistry at the University of East Anglia (UEA), where he also served as associate dean from 2008 to 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> Following his retirement, after four decades at UEA, he moved to Hong Kong and shifted the focus of his research to study air pollution in Asia.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> From 2013 to 2018, he was chair professor of environmental chemistry at the School of Energy and Environment, <a href="/facts/City_University_of_Hong_Kong/WX7eGMXv">City University of Hong Kong</a>, then became Distinguished Research Chair Professor at National Sun Yat-sen University in Taiwan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> He is currently emeritus professor of atmospheric chemistry at the University of East Anglia and at National Sun Yat-sen University.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="research-interests">Research interests</h2> <p>Brimblecombe's wide-ranging research has covered many different aspects of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution, but also makes connections to broader history, art, and culture.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> As he put it in a 2009 lecture: "Environmental pollution is not merely a matter of environmental chemistry. The smells have to be smelt. Painting and poetry can be as informative as a scientific description when trying to understand the complexities of environmental problems".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p><p>His 1987 book <i>The Big Smoke: A History of Air Pollution in London since Medieval Times</i> is highly cited<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> and often described as a "definitive", "classic" history of air pollution,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> although historians' views of the book were mixed.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> </p><p>He has published numerous papers on the effects of air pollution on historic buildings and monuments,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> and both historical artifacts and everyday objects.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> In 2004, he was one of a group of experts from 10 countries involved in a three-year "Noah's Ark" project designed "to investigate the effects of <a href="/facts/Climate_change/rEN4BDE7">climate change</a> and pollution on Europe's historic built environment over the next 100 years".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> He has provided scientific advice on heritage and conservation to the Council of Europe, the European Parliament and the House of Lords.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> </p><p>In the late 1990s, while working at UEA, Brimblecombe advised the <a href="/facts/National_Trust/vrXTp6Y6">National Trust</a> on strategies to minimize the impact of dust on its historic collections,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> which led the organization to "ban" dusting for a three years and prompted considerable news comment.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Giles_Whittell/tso3Mj9I">Giles Whittell</a>, writing in <i>The Times</i>, noted that Brimblecombe, "who may know more about dust than anyone in the world, has advised historic houses to guide their visitors along routes with as few sharp turns as possible and to position their most precious artefacts at the end of the tour, by which time fatigue has set in and people fidget less".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> In the same paper, <a href="/facts/Simon_Jenkins/nMxGXw0K">Simon Jenkins</a> described Brimblecombe as "the nation's mite-buster king-at-arms, who strikes terror in the sternest housekeeper" and expressed mixed views about the plan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> </p><p>Brimblecombe's recent research includes studies of how <a href="/facts/Microplastics/HzH0eKP5">microplastics</a> are carried through the environment,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> how <a href="/facts/COVID-19/YsUgvsaX">COVID-19</a> affected air pollution,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> and how pollution is depicted in the work of artists and writers such as <a href="/facts/Monet/FV91Y96V">Monet</a> and <a href="/facts/Dickens/B54mQHJs">Dickens</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="other-activities">Other activities</h2> <p>Brimblecombe served as chief editor of the academic journal <i><a href="/facts/Atmospheric_Environment/6QGN0F5u">Atmospheric Environment</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a> and is currently editor in chief of the journal <i>City and Environment Interactions</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> He sits on the editorial boards of the <i><a href="/facts/Journal_of_Cultural_Heritage/3EUmBgVB">Journal of Cultural Heritage</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a> and <i><a href="/facts/Environmental_Chemistry_(journal)/QxYERfVI">Environmental Chemistry</a></i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a> </p><p>He is a frequent media commentator on issues related to pollution and the environment, including such topics as the ozone layer,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> climate change,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> air pollution in China,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> atmospheric acidity and <a href="/facts/Acid_rain/f769GyNz">acid rain</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a> and the 1952 <a href="/facts/Great_Smog_of_London/qSqQu2bg">Great Smog of London</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="awards">Awards</h2> <p>Brimblecombe has been awarded the 2005 <a href="/facts/Societ%25C3%25A0_Chimica_Italiana/o6s0ay5m">Società Chimica Italiana</a> Gold Medal for his environmental research and, as part of the Noah's Ark project, mapping the impacts of climate change on heritage, the 2009 <a href="/facts/European_Union_Prize_for_Cultural_Heritage_%2f_Europa_Nostra_Awards/qBt8fuCB">European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage / Europa Nostra Awards</a> Grand Prize, which recognizes excellence in heritage conservation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="selected-publications">Selected publications</h2> <h3>Books</h3> <ul><li>Brimblecombe, Peter (1987). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bTKGdPwzYCwC"><i>The Big Smoke (Routledge Revivals): A History of Air Pollution in London since Medieval Times</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-136-70329-4.</li> <li>— (1996). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YNL7NZodOvoC"><i>Air Composition and Chemistry</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-521-45972-3.</li> <li>— (2003). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m--3CgAAQBAJ"><i>The Effects Of Air Pollution On The Built Environment</i></a>. World Scientific. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-78326-136-9.</li> <li>— (2015). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7n_FCwAAQBAJ"><i>Urban Pollution And Changes To Materials And Building Surfaces</i></a>. World Scientific. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-78326-887-0.</li></ul> <h3>Articles</h3> <ul><li>Clegg, Simon L.; Brimblecombe, Peter; Wexler, Anthony S. (26 February 1998). "Thermodynamic Model of the System H+−NH4+−SO42−−NO3−−H2O at Tropospheric Temperatures". <i>The Journal of Physical Chemistry A</i>. 102 (12): 2137–2154. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998JPCA..102.2137C">1998JPCA..102.2137C</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fjp973042r">10.1021/jp973042r</a>. <a href="/facts/EISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">eISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1520-5215">1520-5215</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1089-5639">1089-5639</a>.</li> <li>Grossi, Carlota M.; Brimblecombe, Peter (9 June 2004). "Aesthetics of Simulated Soiling Patterns on Architecture". <i>Environmental Science & Technology</i>. 38 (14): 3971–3976. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004EnST...38.3971G">2004EnST...38.3971G</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fes0353762">10.1021/es0353762</a>. <a href="/facts/EISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">eISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1520-5851">1520-5851</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-936X">0013-936X</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15298208">15298208</a>.</li> <li>Brimblecombe, Peter; Grossi, Carlota M. (October 2005). "Aesthetic thresholds and blackening of stone buildings". <i>Science of the Total Environment</i>. 349 (1–3): 175–189. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ScTEn.349..175B">2005ScTEn.349..175B</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2005.01.009">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.009</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0048-9697">0048-9697</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16198679">16198679</a>.</li> <li>Brimblecombe, Peter (December 2005). "The globalization of local air pollution". <i>Globalizations</i>. 2 (3): 429–441. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Glob....2..429B">2005Glob....2..429B</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14747730500368114">10.1080/14747730500368114</a>. <a href="/facts/EISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">eISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1474-774X">1474-774X</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1474-7731">1474-7731</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144558970">144558970</a>.</li> <li>Brimblecombe, Peter (1 November 2006). "The Clean Air Act after 50 years". <i>Weather</i>. 61 (11): 311–314. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Wthr...61..311B">2006Wthr...61..311B</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1256%2Fwea.127.06">10.1256/wea.127.06</a>. <a href="/facts/EISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">eISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1477-8696">1477-8696</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-1656">0043-1656</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:123552841">123552841</a>.</li> <li>Wang, Tao; Xue, Likun; Brimblecombe, Peter; Lam, Yun Fat; Li, Li; Zhang, Li (January 2017). "Ozone pollution in China: A review of concentrations, meteorological influences, chemical precursors, and effects". <i>Science of the Total Environment</i>. 575: 1582–1596. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ScTEn.575.1582W">2017ScTEn.575.1582W</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2016.10.081">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.081</a>. <a href="/facts/Hdl_(identifier)/rdebSxmC">hdl</a>:<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10397%2F65760">10397/65760</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0048-9697">0048-9697</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27789078">27789078</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/David_Fowler_(physicist)/9dRscssG">Fowler, David</a>; Brimblecombe, Peter; Burrows, John; Heal, Mathew; Grennfelt, Peringe; et al. (30 October 2020). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7536029">"A chronology of global air quality"</a>. <i>Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A</i>. 378 (2183). <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020RSPTA.37890314F">2020RSPTA.37890314F</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsta.2019.0314">10.1098/rsta.2019.0314</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7536029">7536029</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32981430">32981430</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en">Official website</a> </li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Brimblecombe, Peter, 1949-". US Library of Congress. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85180724.html" target="_blank">https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85180724.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Dr. Peter Brimblecombe to Deliver Annual Hopke Distinguished Lecture at Clarkson University on April 13". 13 April 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://www.clarkson.edu/news/dr-peter-brimblecombe-deliver-annual-hopke-distinguished-lecture-clarkson-university-april-13" target="_blank">https://www.clarkson.edu/news/dr-peter-brimblecombe-deliver-annual-hopke-distinguished-lecture-clarkson-university-april-13</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Peter Brimblecombe". University of East Anglia. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/persons/peter-brimblecombe" target="_blank">https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/persons/peter-brimblecombe</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Peter Brimblecombe (Emeritus Professor)". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Scopus Profile: Brimblecombe, Peter". Scopus. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57079689800" target="_blank">https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57079689800</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Pearce, Fred (5 December 1992). "Back to the days of deadly smogs: Forty years ago this week, four thousand Londoners died in the worst air-pollution disaster on record. London has cleaned up its act, but smog is killing again in other cities". New Scientist. Retrieved 2 June 2023. ... says Peter Brimblecombe ... whose book The Big Smoke is the definitive history of London's air pollution... <a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13618504-600/" target="_blank">https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13618504-600/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Lean, Geoffrey (6 December 2012). "The Great Smog of London". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2 June 2023. ... as Prof Peter Brimblecombe in his classic book The Big Smoke, records... <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A311215209/STND?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-STND&xid=b28d4be0" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A311215209/STND?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-STND&xid=b28d4be0</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Philip Eden (20 November 2008). Great British Weather Disasters. A&C Black. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-8264-7621-0. OCLC 298177812. According to Peter Brimblecombe who wrote The Big Smoke - the definitive history of air pollution in London... <a href="978-0-8264-7621-0" target="_blank">978-0-8264-7621-0</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Peter Brimblecombe (Emeritus Professor)". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Brimblecombe, Peter (1973). The Aqueous Oxidation of Atmospheric Sulphur Dioxide. University of Auckland (Thesis). Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/1595" target="_blank">https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/1595</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Understanding chemistry is vital for making policy, regulatory and social decisions about air pollution – interview with Professor Peter Brimblecombe". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://www.nsysu.edu.tw/p/404-1000-231210.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://www.nsysu.edu.tw/p/404-1000-231210.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Peter Brimblecombe (Emeritus Professor)". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"Understanding chemistry is vital for making policy, regulatory and social decisions about air pollution – interview with Professor Peter Brimblecombe". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://www.nsysu.edu.tw/p/404-1000-231210.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://www.nsysu.edu.tw/p/404-1000-231210.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Peter Brimblecombe (Emeritus Professor)". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"Peter Brimblecombe (Emeritus Professor)". National Sun Yat-sen University. Retrieved 2 June 2023. <a href="https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en" target="_blank">https://maev.nsysu.edu.tw/p/406-1261-222880,r676.php?Lang=en</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Collaborator: Professor Peter Brimblecombe". Invisible Dust. 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