Code wheel

<h2 id="code-wheel-forms">Code wheel forms</h2>
<p>A code wheel itself is a physical object consisting of several circular sheets of paper or card of different sizes, fastened in the center, creating a set of concentric circles.  The game issues the user with a set of <i>challenges</i> (symbols, words, or other identifiers), which instruct the user in how to manipulate the wheel in order to reveal a <i>response</i>, a single symbol or word that the user must enter in order to start the game.  Entering anything other than the expected response would result in the game halting or performing other behaviour associated with unauthorised usage of the software (for example, the game <i><a href="/facts/Starflight/zr83ewJs">Starflight</a></i> would send unbeatable "police ships" to destroy the player's spaceship).
</p>
<h3>2-ply</h3>
<p>A simple 2-ply code wheel consisted of two circular sheets, both with challenge symbols printed at intervals around the rim, and with the back sheet containing a table of responses printed to fit to the circle, and the front sheet a series of holes allowing the responses to be viewed, each hole labelled with a challenge symbol.  The computer would present three challenge symbols, and the user would read the response by rotating the front sheet until the first two challenge symbols were aligned with each other on the rim of the wheel, then read the response from the hole indicated by the third challenge symbol.  This type of codewheel was used for a large number of games, such as <i>Neuromancer</i>, and <i>Cybercon 3</i> (which used a code wheel printed on <a href="/facts/Carbon_paper/kfQNjnau">carbon paper</a>).
</p>
<h3>Single-ply</h3>
<p>There was one usage of a single-ply code wheel, where only two challenge symbols were used; in the <a href="/facts/Amiga/60B3A9of">Amiga</a> game <i><a href="/facts/Rocket_Ranger/Y9wy0J4y">Rocket Ranger</a></i>, the player turned the wheel to match their Ranger's current location, then read a value from the hole corresponding to the location where they wanted to fly to.  The holes were in a simple column.  Since this was the only mechanism for the player to specify where they wanted to fly, it was impossible for crackers to remove it from the game without destroying the entire gameplay.
</p>
<h3>3-ply</h3>
<p>A 3-ply code wheel, used in games such as <i><a href="/facts/Star_Control/KV4Hmguh">Star Control</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/The_Fool%2527s_Errand/8M6IRray">The Fool's Errand</a></i>, retained the back wheel with printed responses and the front wheel with holes, and added further "middle" wheels between the front and back which contained a mixture of printed responses and further holes that allowed the next wheel to show through when particular challenge symbols were aligned
</p>
<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Volvelle/RGoKkoDs">Volvelle</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Slide_chart/2rCWa69p">Slide chart</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<p><a href="http://www.oldgames.sk/docs/codewheel/">Interactive code wheels online</a> on OldGames.sk
</p>

Code wheel open-in-new

Code wheel