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Whisper Systems
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>Security researcher <a href="/facts/Moxie_Marlinspike/NBq0qLe9">Moxie Marlinspike</a> and roboticist Stuart Anderson co-founded Whisper Systems in 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> The company produced <a href="/facts/Proprietary_software/9zcskxYL">proprietary</a> enterprise mobile security software. Among these were an encrypted texting program called <a href="/facts/TextSecure/RChBQbrK">TextSecure</a> and an encrypted voice calling app called <a href="/facts/RedPhone/kmBSmmDn">RedPhone</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> They also developed a firewall and tools for encrypting other forms of data.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>On November 28, 2011, Whisper Systems announced that it had been acquired by <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a>. The financial terms of the deal were not disclosed by either company.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> The acquisition was done "primarily so that Mr. Marlinspike could help the then-startup improve its security".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> Shortly after the acquisition, Whisper Systems' RedPhone service was made unavailable.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> Some criticized the removal, arguing that the software was "specifically targeted [to help] people under repressive regimes" and that it left people like the Egyptians in "a dangerous position" during the events of the <a href="/facts/2011_Egyptian_revolution/gnr0mnJe">2011 Egyptian revolution</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p><p>Twitter released TextSecure as <a href="/facts/Free_and_open-source_software/1cHtjLCB">free and open-source software</a> under the <a href="/facts/GNU_General_Public_License/S75KhLSX">GPLv3</a> license in December 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> RedPhone was also released under the same license in July 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p><p>Marlinspike later left Twitter and founded <a href="/facts/Open_Whisper_Systems/kmBSmmDn">Open Whisper Systems</a> as a collaborative Open Source project for the continued development of TextSecure and RedPhone.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> Open Whisper Systems consisted of a large community of volunteer Open Source contributors, as well as a small team of dedicated grant-funded developers. In November 2015, Open Whisper Systems merged TextSecure with RedPhone and renamed it as <a href="/facts/Signal_(messaging_app)/1d9mpcMH">Signal</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> In 2018, Signal Messenger was incorporated as an LLC by Moxie Marlinspike and <a href="/facts/Brian_Acton/j53kac5S">Brian Acton</a> and then rolled under the independent non-profit <a href="/facts/Signal_Technology_Foundation/mYwzv9BV">Signal Technology Foundation</a>. Today, the Signal app is developed by Signal Messenger LLC, which is funded by the Signal Foundation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> The foundation has stated publicly that they are not tied to any major technology companies and "can never be acquired by one either."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="products">Products</h2> <p>Whisper Systems' products were all made for Android and included:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p> <ul><li>TextSecure: An app that allowed the user to exchange end-to-end encrypted <a href="/facts/SMS/kacRfW0X">SMS</a> messages with other TextSecure users.</li> <li>RedPhone: An app that allowed the user to make end-to-end encrypted <a href="/facts/VoIP/5QGBbXYg">VoIP</a> calls to other RedPhone users.</li> <li>Flashback: An app that allowed the user to store encrypted backups of their device in the <a href="/facts/Cloud_computing/guhg0FGV">cloud</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></li> <li>WhisperCore: An app that integrated with the underlying Android OS to protect everything the user kept on their phone. The initial beta featured full disk encryption, network security tools, encrypted backup, selective permissions, and basic platform management tools for <a href="/facts/Nexus_S/bV0SstsP">Nexus S</a> and <a href="/facts/Nexus_One/kCwXI44U">Nexus One</a> phones.</li> <li>WhisperMonitor: An app that worked with WhisperCore to provide a software firewall capable of dynamic <a href="/facts/Egress_filtering/mYg1Y5yD">egress filtering</a> and real-time connection monitoring, giving the user control over where their data was going and what their apps were doing.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Twitter/nM2bLHaY">List of mergers and acquisitions by Twitter</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117185856/http://www.whispersys.com/">Whisper Systems</a> at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 17 January 2013)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Garling, Caleb (2011-12-20). "Twitter Open Sources Its Android Moxie | Wired Enterprise". Wired.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Twitter Open Sources Its Android Moxie | WIRED". web.archive.org. 2023-03-14. Retrieved 2025-04-21. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314171125/https://www.wired.com/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20230314171125/https://www.wired.com/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Tom Cheredar (November 28, 2011). "Twitter acquires Android security startup Whisper Systems". VentureBeat. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://venturebeat.com/2011/11/28/twitter-buys-whisper-systems/" target="_blank">https://venturebeat.com/2011/11/28/twitter-buys-whisper-systems/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Brad McCarty (28 November 2011). "Twitter acquires mobile data security gurus Whisper Systems". Retrieved 16 January 2015. <a href="https://thenextweb.com/twitter/2011/11/28/twitter-acquires-mobile-data-security-gurus-whisper-systems/" target="_blank">https://thenextweb.com/twitter/2011/11/28/twitter-acquires-mobile-data-security-gurus-whisper-systems/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Saudi telco asks researcher Moxie Marlinspike to help it spy on residents". SC Media US. 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2018-06-18. <a href="https://www.scmagazine.com/saudi-telco-asks-researcher-moxie-marlinspike-to-help-it-spy-on-residents/article/543558/" target="_blank">https://www.scmagazine.com/saudi-telco-asks-researcher-moxie-marlinspike-to-help-it-spy-on-residents/article/543558/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Pete Pachal (2011-12-20). "Twitter Takes TextSecure, Texting App for Dissidents, Open Source". Mashable. Retrieved 2014-03-01. <a href="http://mashable.com/2011/12/20/textsecure-open-source/" target="_blank">http://mashable.com/2011/12/20/textsecure-open-source/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"A New Home". Open Whisper Systems. 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2014-03-01. <a href="https://whispersystems.org/blog/welcome/" target="_blank">https://whispersystems.org/blog/welcome/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Marlinspike, Moxie; Acton, Brian (21 February 2018). "Signal Foundation". Signal.org. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2018. <a href="https://signal.org/blog/signal-foundation/" target="_blank">https://signal.org/blog/signal-foundation/</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Signal Technology Foundation". Nonprofit Explorer. Pro Publica Inc. 9 May 2013. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2019. <a href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/824506840" target="_blank">https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/824506840</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"Company Overview of Whisper Systems Inc". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on March 4, 2014. Retrieved 2014-03-04. <a href="https://archive.today/20140304095526/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=141104009" target="_blank">https://archive.today/20140304095526/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=141104009</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Garling, Caleb (2011-12-20). "Twitter Open Sources Its Android Moxie | Wired Enterprise". Wired.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Andy Greenberg (2010-05-25). "Android App Aims to Allow Wiretap-Proof Cell Phone Calls". Forbes. Retrieved 2014-02-28. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/05/25/android-app-aims-to-allow-wiretap-proof-cell-phone-calls/" target="_blank">https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/05/25/android-app-aims-to-allow-wiretap-proof-cell-phone-calls/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Garling, Caleb (2011-12-20). "Twitter Open Sources Its Android Moxie | Wired Enterprise". Wired.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Secure your Android mobile – Use Whisper Systems free security app Whispercore « Technology updates by Techburrp". Techburrp.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="http://www.techburrp.com/technology/secure-your-android-mobile-use-whisper-systems-free-security-app-whispercore/" target="_blank">http://www.techburrp.com/technology/secure-your-android-mobile-use-whisper-systems-free-security-app-whispercore/</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Tom Cheredar (November 28, 2011). "Twitter acquires Android security startup Whisper Systems". VentureBeat. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://venturebeat.com/2011/11/28/twitter-buys-whisper-systems/" target="_blank">https://venturebeat.com/2011/11/28/twitter-buys-whisper-systems/</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Yadron, Danny (9 July 2015). "Moxie Marlinspike: The Coder Who Encrypted Your Texts". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 10 July 2015. <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/moxie-marlinspike-the-coder-who-encrypted-your-texts-1436486274" target="_blank">https://www.wsj.com/articles/moxie-marlinspike-the-coder-who-encrypted-your-texts-1436486274</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Andy Greenberg (2011-11-28). "Twitter Acquires Moxie Marlinspike's Encryption Startup Whisper Systems". Forbes. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2011/11/28/twitter-acquires-moxie-marlinspikes-encryption-startup-whisper-systems/" target="_blank">https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2011/11/28/twitter-acquires-moxie-marlinspikes-encryption-startup-whisper-systems/</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Garling, Caleb (2011-11-28). "Twitter Buys Some Middle East Moxie | Wired Enterprise". Wired.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/11/twitter-buys-moxie/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/11/twitter-buys-moxie/</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Chris Aniszczyk (20 December 2011). "The Whispers Are True". The Twitter Developer Blog. Twitter. Archived from the original on 24 October 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141024130437/https://blog.twitter.com/2011/whispers-are-true" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20141024130437/https://blog.twitter.com/2011/whispers-are-true</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"TextSecure is now Open Source!". Whisper Systems. 20 December 2011. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120106024504/http://www.whispersys.com/updates.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120106024504/http://www.whispersys.com/updates.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Garling, Caleb (2011-12-20). "Twitter Open Sources Its Android Moxie | Wired Enterprise". Wired.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21. <a href="https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2011/12/twitter-open-sources-its-android-moxie/</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Pete Pachal (2011-12-20). "Twitter Takes TextSecure, Texting App for Dissidents, Open Source". Mashable. Retrieved 2014-03-01. <a href="http://mashable.com/2011/12/20/textsecure-open-source/" target="_blank">http://mashable.com/2011/12/20/textsecure-open-source/</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"RedPhone is now Open Source!". Whisper Systems. 18 July 2012. Archived from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120731143138/http://www.whispersys.com/updates.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120731143138/http://www.whispersys.com/updates.html</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Andy Greenberg (29 July 2014). "Your iPhone Can Finally Make Free, Encrypted Calls". Wired. Retrieved 18 January 2015. <a href="https://www.wired.com/2014/07/free-encrypted-calling-finally-comes-to-the-iphone/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/2014/07/free-encrypted-calling-finally-comes-to-the-iphone/</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"A New Home". Open Whisper Systems. 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2014-03-01. <a href="https://whispersystems.org/blog/welcome/" target="_blank">https://whispersystems.org/blog/welcome/</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Marlinspike, Moxie (2 November 2015). "Just Signal". Open Whisper Systems. Retrieved 5 November 2015. <a href="https://whispersystems.org/blog/just-signal/" target="_blank">https://whispersystems.org/blog/just-signal/</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Marlinspike, Moxie; Acton, Brian (21 February 2018). "Signal Foundation". Signal.org. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2018. <a href="https://signal.org/blog/signal-foundation/" target="_blank">https://signal.org/blog/signal-foundation/</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>"Signal Technology Foundation". Nonprofit Explorer. Pro Publica Inc. 9 May 2013. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2019. <a href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/824506840" target="_blank">https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/824506840</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Signal Technology Foundation [@signalapp] (8 January 2021). "We are a 501c3 nonprofit. We're not tied to any major tech companies, and we can never be acquired by one either. Development is supported by grants and donations from Signal users" (Tweet). Retrieved 24 January 2021 – via Twitter. <a href="/wiki/Signal_Technology_Foundation" target="_blank">/wiki/Signal_Technology_Foundation</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>"Mobile Security For Android". Whisper Systems. Archived from the original on 4 January 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120104060347/http://whispersys.com/index.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120104060347/http://whispersys.com/index.html</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"Encrypted backups for Android". Whisper Systems. Archived from the original on 29 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111229054311/http://www.whispersys.com/flashback.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20111229054311/http://www.whispersys.com/flashback.html</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>"Network security for Android". Whisper Systems. Archived from the original on 15 January 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120115193420/http://www.whispersys.com/whispermonitor.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120115193420/http://www.whispersys.com/whispermonitor.html</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>