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99 Problems
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<h2 id="production">Production</h2> <p>The track was produced by <a href="/facts/Rick_Rubin/5vNfvRJK">Rick Rubin</a>, his first <a href="/facts/Hip_hop_production/BI7AqX6J">hip hop production</a> in many years. Rubin provided Jay-Z with a guitar riff and stripped-down beat that were once Rubin's trademarks. In creating the track, Rubin used some classic 1980s sample staples such as "<a href="/facts/The_Big_Beat_(Billy_Squier_song)/3umsQTSY">The Big Beat</a>" by <a href="/facts/Billy_Squier/bVqU0CWJ">Billy Squier</a>, "<a href="/facts/Long_Red/TY7Sd0fP">Long Red</a>" by <a href="/facts/Mountain_(band)/yMCul0c4">Mountain</a>, and "Get Me Back On Time" by <a href="/facts/Wilson_Pickett/7tXgmJjQ">Wilson Pickett</a>. Featuring the same Billy Squier drum beat sample, <a href="/facts/Dizzee_Rascal/ce2ykJpR">Dizzee Rascal</a> released "<a href="/facts/Fix_Up%2c_Look_Sharp/RW5rrN7I">Fix Up, Look Sharp</a>" in August 2003 prior to <i>The Black Album'</i>s release. </p> <h2 id="origin-of-lyrics">Origin of lyrics</h2> <p>The title and hook are derived from <a href="/facts/Ice-T/RwURNdkK">Ice-T</a>'s song of the same name from his 1993 album <i><a href="/facts/Home_Invasion_(album)/ze4jYsLk">Home Invasion</a></i>, which featured <a href="/facts/Brother_Marquis/BVwxlMvd">Brother Marquis</a> of the <a href="/facts/Miami/L5FsgQcb">Miami</a>-based <a href="/facts/2_Live_Crew/Nbe8pJeL">2 Live Crew</a>. The original song was more profane and describes a wide range of sexual conquests. The hook was coined during a conversation between Ice-T and Brother Marquis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> Marquis also used the phrase in the 1996 2 Live Crew song "Table Dance". Ice-T would re-record his version of the song with the Rubin/Jay-Z guitar riff for <a href="/facts/Body_Count_(band)/K86XaH3N">Body Count</a>'s 2014 album <i><a href="/facts/Manslaughter_(album)/VCmlFv2s">Manslaughter</a></i> in order to "reclaim" the hook from being mis-attributed to Jay-Z.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> Portions of Ice-T's original lyrics were similarly quoted in a song by fellow rapper <a href="/facts/Trick_Daddy/q10xxwz4">Trick Daddy</a> on a track also titled "99 Problems" from his 2001 album <i><a href="/facts/Thugs_Are_Us/DEHLkGuG">Thugs Are Us</a></i>. Jay-Z begins his third verse directly quoting lines from <a href="/facts/Bun_B/pqENEb1v">Bun B</a>'s opening verse off the track "Touched" from the <a href="/facts/UGK/I50wj308">UGK</a> album <i><a href="/facts/Ridin%2527_Dirty/4qx9IhvU">Ridin' Dirty</a></i>. </p> <h2 id="analysis">Analysis</h2> <p>The second verse, describing Jay-Z's traffic stop, has received much more attention than the rest of the song. </p><p>The second verse was based on an actual experience of Jay-Z in the 1990s in <a href="/facts/New_Jersey/pI5k19S7">New Jersey</a>. He wrote that in 1994 he was pulled over by police while carrying <a href="/facts/Cocaine/rdQP4zwF">cocaine</a> in a secret compartment in his <a href="/facts/Sunroof/0JCqs1dL">sunroof</a>. He refused to let the police search the car and the police called for drug-sniffing dogs. However, the dogs never showed up and the police had to let him go. Moments after he drove away, he saw a police car with the dogs drive by. In a discussion at the Celeste Bartos Forum at the <a href="/facts/New_York_Public_Library/2BfpGN3P">New York Public Library</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> Jay-Z described the second verse of the song as representing "a contest of wills" between the car's driver who is "all the way in the wrong" for carrying illegal drugs, and a racist police officer who pulls over the driver not for any infraction but for being African American. "Both guys are used to getting their way" and thus reluctant to back down, Jay-Z notes, and the driver "knows a bit about the law because he's used to breaking it" and asserts his legal rights. </p><p>In 2011, <a href="/facts/Southwestern_Law_School/Bm2v9DUG">Southwestern Law School</a> Professor Caleb Mason wrote an article with a line-by-line analysis of the second verse of the song from a legal perspective referencing the <a href="/facts/Fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution/S1KsVyvf">Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a>, citing it as a useful tool for teaching law students <a href="/facts/Search_and_seizure/mGQXEn5b">search and seizure</a> law involving <a href="/facts/Search_warrant/Dn4yseJt">search warrants</a>, <a href="/facts/Terry_stop/yMVt2XxW"><i>Terry</i> stops</a>, <a href="/facts/Racial_profiling/ubS94PW6">racial profiling</a>, the <a href="/facts/Exclusionary_rule/QhaF4U3I">exclusionary rule</a>, and the <a href="/facts/Motor_vehicle_exception/EUNIx4hm">motor vehicle exception</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> Mason writes that some of Jay-Z's lyrics are legally accurate and describe prudent behavior (e.g., identifying when police ask for consent to search, specifically asking if one is under <a href="/facts/Arrest/NqEXFEMg">arrest</a>, and complying with the police order to stop rather than fleeing which would certainly result in a search of the car and might authorize police to use lethal force to stop a high speed chase). However, Mason also notes the song lyrics are legally incorrect in indicating that a driver can refuse an order to exit the car<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> and that police would need a warrant to search a locked glove compartment or trunk—in fact, police would only need <a href="/facts/Probable_cause/Sg0ymNkA">probable cause</a> to search a car.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> In 2012, Professor Emir Crowne of the <a href="/facts/University_of_Windsor_Faculty_of_Law/1WWTIY25">University of Windsor Faculty of Law</a> wrote an article concluding that Jay-Z's lyrics may be legally correct under Canadian law.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>Jay-Z, in his book <i>Decoded</i>, clarified that the "bitch" in the chorus refers to a different subject in each verse; in the second, it refers to a <a href="/facts/Police_dog/LjR3Qn9G">police dog</a>, but in the third, it refers to a cowardly individual.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="reception">Reception</h2> <p>The song garnered widespread acclaim. The song came in at No. 2 on <i><a href="/facts/Rolling_Stone/HhCFoJ9F">Rolling Stone</a></i>'s top 100 songs of the '00s. On the updated list of <a href="/facts/The_500_Greatest_Songs_of_All_Time/GEJnGkat">the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time</a>, the song was added and came in at No. 172.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> In 2019, they ranked the song number four on their list of the 50 greatest Jay-Z songs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> The song was listed at No. 14 on <a href="/facts/Pitchfork_Media/a5SkWa6I">Pitchfork Media</a>'s top 500 songs of the 2000s (decade) and in October 2011, <i><a href="/facts/NME/EAscmwXq">NME</a></i> placed it at number 24 on its list "150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p><a href="/facts/Jack_White/bRfND06W">Jack White</a> has hailed the song, describing it as "the story of America ... in a nutshell, [it's] the story of all the struggles in America, black or white, [and of] class systems".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p><p>The song won <a href="/facts/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap_Solo_Performance/I9rLcfnl">Best Rap Solo Performance</a> at the <a href="/facts/47th_Grammy_Awards/jmt5VKVd">47th Grammy Awards</a>. </p> <h2 id="covers-and-performances">Covers and performances</h2> <p>In 2008, the single was covered by Barry Chuckle of British children's comedy duo <a href="/facts/The_Chuckle_Brothers/YoQ5qekt">The Chuckle Brothers</a> as part of BBC Radio 1's <a href="/facts/Scott_Mills_(radio_show)/nHBfDIm5">Scott Mills show</a>. Mills described the cover as "superior, in essence, to the original". </p><p>On January 21, 2009, Jay-Z performed the single as part of his set at the Staff Ball, the last official event of <a href="/facts/Barack_Obama/76wUMgL1">Barack Obama</a>'s <a href="/facts/First_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama/RTUbVB7B">inauguration</a>. The ball was exclusively for 4,000 staffers who had worked on Obama's <a href="/facts/Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_campaign/5oaQFHQq">campaign</a>. Jay-Z tweaked the lyrics to suit the historic atmosphere, and the crowd sang along: "I got 99 problems but a Bush ain't one", replacing "bitch" with the name of the <a href="/facts/George_W._Bush/mYSgM515">former President</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> At a rally for President <a href="/facts/Barack_Obama/76wUMgL1">Barack Obama</a> in November 2012 Jay-Z changed the lyrics of the song to "If you having world problems I feel bad for you son / I got 99 problems but <a href="/facts/Mitt_Romney/yh2KKjsu">Mitt</a> ain't one."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> President Obama quipped in his monologue at the White House Correspondents' Dinner on April 27, 2013: "Some things are beyond my control. For example, this whole controversy about Jay-Z going to Cuba. It's unbelievable. I've got 99 problems and now Jay-Z is one."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p><p><a href="/facts/Eminem/zXSQb1nS">Eminem</a> referenced the lyrics in his track "So Much Better" on <i><a href="/facts/The_Marshall_Mathers_LP_2/PE7HdKuv">The Marshall Mathers LP 2</a></i> album, with the lines "I got 99 problems and a bitch ain't one/ She's all 99 of 'em; I need a machine gun".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p><p><a href="/facts/Danger_Mouse_(musician)/2S4ypR7o">Danger Mouse</a> remixed this track with samples from "<a href="/facts/Helter_Skelter_(song)/9ScYMFXr">Helter Skelter</a>" by <a href="/facts/The_Beatles/2syHWLcM">The Beatles</a> as part of his oft-bootlegged album <i><a href="/facts/The_Grey_Album/h8xx1GV0">The Grey Album</a></i>. The track was also remixed with <a href="/facts/Linkin_Park/zUBCf56l">Linkin Park</a> for the EP <i><a href="/facts/Collision_Course_(EP)/sfVJpRIS">Collision Course</a></i>, being mixed with the Linkin Park songs "<a href="/facts/Points_of_Authority/GCrBuzcU">Points of Authority</a>" and "<a href="/facts/One_Step_Closer_(Linkin_Park_song)/WmDqjClB">One Step Closer</a>". The thrash metal group <a href="/facts/Body_Count_(band)/K86XaH3N">Body Count</a> combined the lyrics of Ice-T's "99 Problems" with the guitar riff from Jay-Z's "99 Problems" for the track "99 Problems BC" on the album <i><a href="/facts/Manslaughter_(album)/VCmlFv2s">Manslaughter</a></i>. <a href="/facts/Big_Sean/dz7dGvQ6">Big Sean</a> referenced the lyrics in <a href="/facts/Drake_(rapper)/yJ5SndUt">Drake</a>'s "<a href="/facts/All_Me_(Drake_song)/LzLTfx4J">All Me</a>" with the line "I got 99 problems, getting rich ain't one". <a href="/facts/Iggy_Azalea/lbbIp0zJ">Iggy Azalea</a> referenced the lyrics in <a href="/facts/Ariana_Grande/uJ7AyqTK">Ariana Grande</a>'s "<a href="/facts/Problem_(Ariana_Grande_song)/ll9mzrhF">Problem</a>" with the line "I got 99 problems but you won't be one".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> In 2009, fellow rapper and collaborator <a href="/facts/Kid_Cudi/ectR6cno">Kid Cudi</a>, referenced the hook in the opening verse of his song "<a href="/facts/Soundtrack_2_My_Life/epoDC4C8">Soundtrack 2 My Life</a>" with the line "I got 99 problems and they all bitches". The singer <a href="/facts/Hugo_(musician)/vjxnmlIL">Hugo</a> recorded a <a href="/facts/Bluegrass_music/LxSySe6o">bluegrass</a> cover in 2011 and featured in <a href="/facts/Reboot_(2022_TV_series)/4ptPvwgU">"Girlfriends"</a>, the fourth episode of the TV series <i><a href="/facts/Reboot_(2022_TV_series)/4ptPvwgU">Reboot</a></i>. There have been several remixes of the track including versions by <a href="/facts/The_Prodigy/HVyzFvzd">The Prodigy</a> and Linkin Park. In particular, Jay-Z had been quoted as saying that The Prodigy remix is one of his favorites by keeping the main guitar riff but heavier and darker which in turn was the inspiration for The Prodigy track "Spitfire" written by <a href="/facts/Liam_Howlett/qQ79XQDo">Liam Howlett</a> and released in 2005. </p> <h2 id="music-video">Music video</h2> <p>The <a href="/facts/Music_video/FccodeNC">music video</a> premiered in April 2004 and was directed by <a href="/facts/Mark_Romanek/9gDARrmw">Mark Romanek</a>. It received praises from critics such as <a href="/facts/Armond_White/xMeGw691">Armond White</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> and was nominated for four MVPA awards in 2005, of which it won three. It also won the <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Awards/F9H94We9">MTV Video Music Awards</a> for <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Rap_Video/mbM5efvT">Best Rap Video</a>, <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Direction/Jmwtsqcl">Best Director</a>, <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Editing/9PWj48Im">Best Editing</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Cinematography/VXa9VlPa">Best Cinematography</a>, as well as gaining nominations for <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Video_of_the_Year/jLkvRJFH">Video of the Year</a> and <a href="/facts/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Male_Video/VEsqw3Yc">Best Male Video</a>. It was criticized, however, by the <a href="/facts/Humane_Society_of_the_United_States/YjrexFvq">Humane Society of the United States</a> for scenes in the video that glorified <a href="/facts/Dog_fighting/7eB3gvvy">dog fighting</a>. </p><p>The video accompanied <i>The Black Album</i> which, at the time, was to be Jay-Z's final release. Jay-Z has stated that he wanted the video to be as auto-biographical as the rest of the album.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> The goal for the video was to create a portrait of where Jay-Z grew up. In a conversation with the video's director, Jay-Z stated that he wanted the video to "make a pissy wall look like art".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> The job of directing this video was originally intended for <a href="/facts/Quentin_Tarantino/uNFC3nNe">Quentin Tarantino</a>, however <a href="/facts/Rick_Rubin/5vNfvRJK">Rick Rubin</a> suggested that Jay-Z offer the job to Mark Romanek.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> Due to the research and influence of Romanek and the videos cinematographer, Joaquin Baca Asay, the video borrows visual characteristics from many New York street photographers and black and white photographs (Martin Dixon and <a href="/facts/Eugene_Richards/fvXnbeVI">Eugene Richards</a> to name a few). The video is shot entirely on <a href="/facts/Black-and-white/CXPjISFh">black-and-white</a> film. It consists mainly of scenes filmed in close proximity to Jay-Z's childhood home, The Marcy Houses in Bedford Stuyvesant. These include: </p> <ul><li>Jay-Z and Rubin in a <a href="/facts/Lexus_GS/mr9DsF56">Lexus GS300</a> being stopped by the police (lyrical reenactment).</li> <li>Jay-Z in the <a href="/facts/Marcy_Houses/7JxpjAUm">Marcy Houses</a> <a href="/facts/Housing_project/BqCFqIAt">housing project</a> where he grew up.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Break_dancer/AHFpNMq3">Break dancers</a> and a group doing a rhythm <a href="/facts/Choreography/D1KQJk1R">choreography</a>.</li> <li>Jay-Z performing in Transit Wheelers Motorcycle/Van Club House.</li> <li>Jay-Z on the <a href="/facts/Brooklyn_Bridge/gp0U8Pwg">Brooklyn Bridge</a>.</li> <li>A woman putting on makeup.</li> <li>Inmates of a prison in the <a href="/facts/Bronx/yVMesM0v">Bronx</a> known as <a href="/facts/Vernon_C._Bain_Correctional_Center/JfCIm8Ls">Vernon C. Bain Correctional Center</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rick_Rubin/5vNfvRJK">Rick Rubin</a> walking with <a href="/facts/Vincent_Gallo/cQrmJSoq">Vincent Gallo</a>.</li> <li>A <a href="/facts/Funeral_director/UDhSEn9Y">funeral director</a> making preparations.</li> <li>A <a href="/facts/Rabbi/vuBf5LYj">rabbi</a> praying.</li> <li>A dogfight with many spectators, and the owners of the dogs taunting them in preparation for the fight.</li> <li>Members of <a href="/facts/Alpha_Phi_Alpha/LKe9YooE">Alpha Phi Alpha</a> performing a complex <a href="/facts/Stepping_(African-American)/aph14jem">stepping</a> routine.</li> <li>Jay-Z's lawyer, facilitating bail then reacting to news of his death.</li> <li><a href="/facts/African-American/pTgcAdo8">African-American</a> <a href="/facts/Motorcycle_clubs/nqmYMSdl">motorcycle clubs</a> in front of Transit Wheelers MC Club House in Brooklyn, New York, performing street stunts.</li> <li>Jay-Z being shot with multiple bullets by unseen assailants. This final scene was very controversial as <a href="/facts/Music_video/FccodeNC">music video</a> networks normally remove any scenes with violent content. On <a href="/facts/MTV/S5gxqCxh">MTV</a>, every airing of the video featured an introduction by <a href="/facts/John_Norris_(MTV_News_reporter)/3eJFJXBD">John Norris</a> explaining why the network felt it was proper to air the video unedited. The introduction also featured <a href="/facts/Jay-Z/8j905fCC">Jay-Z</a> explaining why he felt the scene was important to the video. Jay-Z also made a special introduction for <a href="/facts/Black_Entertainment_Television/n8VkMqdK">BET</a>. Jay-Z explained that the depiction of a shooting is analogous to the "death" of Jay-Z, and the "rebirth" of Shawn Carter.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="track-listings">Track listings</h2> <h3>99 Problems/My 1st Song</h3> <p>A-Side </p> <ol><li>99 Problems (Clean)</li> <li>99 Problems (Main)</li> <li>99 Problems (Instrumental)</li></ol> <p>B-Side </p> <ol><li>My 1st Song (Clean)</li> <li>My 1st Song (Main)</li> <li>My 1st Song (Instrumental)</li></ol> <h3>99 Problems/Dirt Off Your Shoulder, Pt. 1</h3> <ol><li>99 Problems</li> <li>Dirt Off Your Shoulder</li></ol> <h3>99 Problems/Dirt Off Your Shoulder, Pt. 2</h3> <ol><li>99 Problems</li> <li>Dirt Off Your Shoulder</li> <li>99 Problems (Video)</li> <li>Dirt Off Your Shoulder (Video)</li></ol> <h3>99 Problems/Dirt Off Your Shoulder, Vinyl</h3> <p>A-Side </p> <ol><li>99 Problems</li> <li>99 Problems (Clean)</li></ol> <p>B-Side </p> <ol><li>Dirt Off Your Shoulder</li> <li>Dirt Off Your Shoulder (Clean)</li></ol> <h2 id="charts">Charts</h2> <table><tbody><tr><td><h3>Weekly charts</h3><table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Chart (2004)</th><th scope="col">Peakposition</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Germany (<a href="/facts/GfK_Entertainment_charts/bGrgjxKn">GfK</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></th><td>67</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ireland (<a href="/facts/Irish_Singles_Chart/CcEaTjyS">IRMA</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a></th><td>23</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/UK_Singles_Chart/s2yyGUlD">UK Singles</a> (<a href="/facts/Official_Charts_Company/42Rz2PXj">OCC</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></th><td>12</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/UK_Hip_Hop_and_R%2526B_Singles_and_Albums_Charts/nBnpJLjL">UK Hip Hop/R&B</a> (<a href="/facts/Official_Charts_Company/42Rz2PXj">OCC</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a></th><td>2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US <a href="/facts/Billboard_Hot_100/gwKl8VL9"><i>Billboard</i> Hot 100</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a></th><td>30</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US <a href="/facts/Hot_R%2526B%2fHip-Hop_Songs/830VoC96">Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs</a> (<i><a href="/facts/Billboard_(magazine)/CVruQGq5">Billboard</a></i>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></th><td>26</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US <a href="/facts/Pop_Airplay/xxLBXhPy">Pop Airplay</a> (<i><a href="/facts/Billboard_(magazine)/CVruQGq5">Billboard</a></i>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></th><td>37</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">US <a href="/facts/Hot_Rap_Songs/Ez2t9kdc">Hot Rap Songs</a> (<i><a href="/facts/Billboard_(magazine)/CVruQGq5">Billboard</a></i>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></th><td>10</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><h3>Year-end charts</h3><table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Chart (2004)</th><th scope="col">Position</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">UK Singles (OCC)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></th><td>164</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="certifications">Certifications</h2> <table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Region</th><th scope="col">Certification</th><th scope="col"><a href="/facts/List_of_music_recording_certifications/6CPQFNNn">Certified units</a>/sales</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Denmark (<a href="/facts/IFPI_Danmark/GXuA0t2n">IFPI Danmark</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></th><td>Gold</td><td>45,000‡</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Germany (<a href="/facts/Bundesverband_Musikindustrie/atSuKXIG">BVMI</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></th><td>Gold</td><td>150,000‡</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">New Zealand (<a href="/facts/Recorded_Music_NZ/KlQ6jDS4">RMNZ</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a></th><td>Gold</td><td>7,500*</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">United Kingdom (<a href="/facts/British_Phonographic_Industry/G1QjcwBq">BPI</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></th><td>Platinum</td><td>600,000‡</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">United States (<a href="/facts/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America/8a7K0Ubf">RIAA</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></th><td>3× Platinum</td><td>3,000,000‡</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><p>* Sales figures based on certification alone.‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.</p></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="release-history">Release history</h2> <table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Region</th><th scope="col">Date</th><th scope="col">Format(s)</th><th scope="col">Label(s)</th><th scope="col">Ref.</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2">United States</th><td>May 24, 2004 (2004-05-24)</td><td><a href="/facts/Rhythmic_contemporary/hvYnJChP">Rhythmic contemporary</a> · <a href="/facts/Urban_contemporary_music/J26aK3e0">urban contemporary radio</a></td><td rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/Roc-A-Fella_Records/mIIluIaR">Roc-A-Fella</a>, <a href="/facts/The_Island_Def_Jam_Music_Group/IJfwVmrc">IDJMG</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>June 8, 2004 (2004-06-08)</td><td><a href="/facts/Contemporary_hit_radio/o7y4INYT">Contemporary hit radio</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=31571">Entry</a> on <a href="http://www.mvdbase.com/">mvdbase.com</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060304201445/http://www.markromanek.com/video/22.html">Page on Mark Romanek's official site</a>. Includes screenshot gallery, treatment, credits and production stills.</li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwoM5fLITfk">Music video for "99 Problems"</a> on <a href="/facts/YouTube_video_(identifier)/db276jst">YouTube</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Ice-T Talks New Body Count Album, Jay-Z's Remake of "99 Problems" & Much More". Radio.com, YouTube. July 7, 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YJhbJDGb7g" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YJhbJDGb7g</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Ice-T on the Return of Body Count, D&D Tongue-Twisters, and Wimpy Tweeters Vulture.com.ca June 9, 2014. Retrieved February 28, 2014 <a href="http://www.vulture.com/2014/06/ice-t-body-count-manslaughter-chat.html" target="_blank">http://www.vulture.com/2014/06/ice-t-body-count-manslaughter-chat.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Jay-Z Unravels 99 Problems DailyMotion.com, accessed 01 November 201 <a href="https://www.dailymotion.com/video/xgrl58" target="_blank">https://www.dailymotion.com/video/xgrl58</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Mason, Caleb (2012). "Jay-Z's 99 Problems, Verse 2: A Close Reading with Fourth Amendment Guidance for Cops and Perps" (PDF). Saint Louis University Law Journal. 56 (2). Saint Louis University School of Law: 567–85. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 10, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120710180525/http://slu.edu/Documents/law/Law%20Journal/Archives/LJ56-2_Mason_Article.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120710180525/http://slu.edu/Documents/law/Law%20Journal/Archives/LJ56-2_Mason_Article.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106, 111 (1977). <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_v._Mimms" target="_blank">/wiki/Pennsylvania_v._Mimms</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Mason, Caleb (2012). "Jay-Z's 99 Problems, Verse 2: A Close Reading with Fourth Amendment Guidance for Cops and Perps" (PDF). Saint Louis University Law Journal. 56 (2). Saint Louis University School of Law: 567–85. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 10, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120710180525/http://slu.edu/Documents/law/Law%20Journal/Archives/LJ56-2_Mason_Article.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120710180525/http://slu.edu/Documents/law/Law%20Journal/Archives/LJ56-2_Mason_Article.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>California v. Acevedo, 500 U.S. 565, 580 (1991). <a href="/wiki/California_v._Acevedo" target="_blank">/wiki/California_v._Acevedo</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Crowne, Emir (2012). "Jay-Z's 99 Problems, Verse 2: The Canadian Response to Professor Mason". SSRN 2104970. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Jay-Z (2011). Decoded. New York: Random House. pp. 56, 61. ISBN 978-0-8129-8115-5. <a href="978-0-8129-8115-5" target="_blank">978-0-8129-8115-5</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Hermes, Will; Hoard, Christian; Rosen, Jody; Sheffield, Rob (December 24, 2009), "100 Best Songs of the Decade". Rolling Stone. (1094/1095):59-62 <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Jay-Z: 50 Greatest Songs". Rolling Stone. December 4, 2019. Retrieved February 4, 2022. <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/jay-z-50-greatest-songs-123196/99-problems-2004-124966/" target="_blank">https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/jay-z-50-greatest-songs-123196/99-problems-2004-124966/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years, NME.com <a href="http://www.nme.com/list/150-best-tracks-of-the-past-15-years/248648/page/13" target="_blank">http://www.nme.com/list/150-best-tracks-of-the-past-15-years/248648/page/13</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Interview in Zane Lowe: Masterpieces 2010: Jay-Z - The Black Album, broadcast on BBC Radio 1, 7pm November 23, 2010. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Jay-Z - 99 Problems But a Bush Ain't One @ Obama Staff Ball". YouTube. January 21, 2009. Archived from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2010. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flgi4qjK41M" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flgi4qjK41M</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Austin, Christina (November 6, 2012). "Jay-Z Raps '99 Problems (But Mitt Ain't One)' At Ohio Rally". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved October 2, 2016. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/jay-z-sings-99-problems-but-mitt-aint-one-at-ohio-rally-2012-11" target="_blank">http://www.businessinsider.com/jay-z-sings-99-problems-but-mitt-aint-one-at-ohio-rally-2012-11</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Boardman, Madeline (April 28, 2013). "Obama's '99 Problems' Joke At WHCD Jabs Jay-Z". The Huffington Post. Retrieved April 28, 2013. <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/28/obama-99-problems-joke-whcd-jay-z_n_3174172.html" target="_blank">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/28/obama-99-problems-joke-whcd-jay-z_n_3174172.html</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"Eminem – So Much Better Lyrics". <a href="http://rapgenius.com/Eminem-so-much-better-lyrics" target="_blank">http://rapgenius.com/Eminem-so-much-better-lyrics</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"Ariana Grande - Problem Lyrics". <a href="http://pop.genius.com/Ariana-grande-problem-lyrics" target="_blank">http://pop.genius.com/Ariana-grande-problem-lyrics</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>"YouTube - (Part 14) Armond White on Jay-Z "99 Problems" - Mark Romanek". Tw.youtube.com. November 16, 2007. Archived from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2010. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qp_Hv1-Nog" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qp_Hv1-Nog</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Editor: Robert Duffy, Spot Welders <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Duffy_(editor)&action=edit&redlink=1" target="_blank">/w/index.php?title=Robert_Duffy_(editor)&action=edit&redlink=1</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"Jay-Z, Rick Rubin recording "99 Problems"". YouTube. November 26, 2011. Archived from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2015. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqNDYvsOZkc" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqNDYvsOZkc</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"Director Mark Romanek, Jay-Z's "99 Problems" Music Video". MVWire. September 14, 2004. Retrieved April 6, 2015. <a href="http://www.mvwire.com/2004/09/14/director-mark-romanek-jay-z’s-99-problems-music-video/" target="_blank">http://www.mvwire.com/2004/09/14/director-mark-romanek-jay-z’s-99-problems-music-video/</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Rotter, Jeffrey (May 9, 2004). "Music Video; Jay-Z Wants to Kill Himself". The New York Times. Retrieved April 6, 2015. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/09/arts/music-video-jay-z-wants-to-kill-himself.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/09/arts/music-video-jay-z-wants-to-kill-himself.html</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"Mark Romanek.com on "99 Problems"". Markromanek.com. Archived from the original on October 12, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101012171630/http://www.markromanek.com/press/nytimesd.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20101012171630/http://www.markromanek.com/press/nytimesd.html</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"Jay-Z – 99 Problems" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved October 14, 2018. <a href="https://www.offiziellecharts.de/titel-details-10003" target="_blank">https://www.offiziellecharts.de/titel-details-10003</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>"Chart Track: Week 20, 2004". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180101010101/https://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Farchive%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240001&arch=t&lyr=2004&year=2004&week=20" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20180101010101/https://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Farchive%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240001&arch=t&lyr=2004&year=2004&week=20</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>"Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/222004/7501/" target="_blank">https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/222004/7501/</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>"Official Hip Hop and R&B Singles Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved February 27, 2016. <a href="https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/r-and-b-singles-chart/222004/114/" target="_blank">https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/r-and-b-singles-chart/222004/114/</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>"Jay-Z Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/HSI" target="_blank">https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/HSI</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>"Jay-Z Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/BSI" target="_blank">https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/BSI</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"Jay-Z Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/TFM" target="_blank">https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/TFM</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>"Jay-Z Chart History (Hot Rap Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/RAP" target="_blank">https://www.billboard.com/artist/Jay-Z/chart-history/RAP</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>"End Of Year Charts: 2004" (PDF). UKChartsPlus. Retrieved April 12, 2012. <a href="http://www.ukchartsplus.co.uk/ChartsPlusYE2004.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.ukchartsplus.co.uk/ChartsPlusYE2004.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>"Danish single certifications – Jay-Z – 99 Problems". IFPI Danmark. 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Type 99 Problems in the "Search:" field. <a href="https://www.radioscope.co.nz/2024/00/00/single-cert-search/" target="_blank">https://www.radioscope.co.nz/2024/00/00/single-cert-search/</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:37"><p>"British single certifications – Jay-Z – 99 Problems". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved April 25, 2021. <a href="https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/9795-1475-1" target="_blank">https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/9795-1475-1</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:38"><p>"American single certifications – Jay-Z – 99 Problems". Recording Industry Association of America. 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