NekoVM

<h2 id="concept">Concept</h2>
<p>Neko has a <a href="/facts/Compiler/WNfCDFJe">compiler</a> and a <a href="/facts/Virtual_machine/BLevU3sx">virtual machine</a> (VM) with <a href="/facts/Garbage_collection_(computer_science)/j2vlIu7g">garbage collection</a>. The compiler converts a source .neko file into a bytecode .n file that can be executed with the VM. Since Neko is dynamically typed with no fixed classes, a developer only needs to find the proper <a href="/facts/Runtime_(program_lifecycle_phase)/lCxKsrzB">runtime</a> mapping (in contrast to <a href="/facts/Data_type/fcx5hgVL">data type</a> mapping) so that code executes correctly. As the Neko <a href="/facts/FAQ/Br4xFnej">FAQ</a> puts it: "...it is easier to write a new or existing language on the NekoVM than it is for the <a href="/facts/Common_Language_Runtime/4Y0cUdkd">CLR</a> / <a href="/facts/Java_virtual_machine/l9Nzrsun">JVM</a>, since you don’t have to deal with a highlevel type system. Also, this means that languages can interoperate more easily since they only need to share the same data structures and not always the same types."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a>
</p><p>Neko requires compiling before executing, like other scripting languages such as <a href="/facts/Apache_Groovy/vGAckbte">Apache Groovy</a>. Since Neko need not be <a href="/facts/Interpreter_(computing)/JB85fbyb">interpreted</a> at runtime, it executes faster. The <a href="/facts/Haxe/jp87sM7P">Haxe</a> language can compile to Neko code, among other targets.
</p>
<h2 id="virtual-machine">Virtual machine</h2>
<p>The Neko <a href="/facts/Virtual_machine/BLevU3sx">virtual machine</a> is used to execute a Neko bytecode file, the VM also has the option to convert a bytecode file into an executable file (output changes depending on the target operating system).
</p>
<h2 id="language">Language</h2>

<h3>Hello World</h3>
$print("Hello World!");

<h3>Type conversions</h3>
$int("67.87"); // Converts string "67.87" to integer 67
$float(12345); // Converts integer 12345 to float 12345.0000
$string($array(1,2,3)); // Converts array [1,2,3] to string "[1,2,3]"

<h3>Objects</h3>
o = $new(null); // new empty object
o2 = $new(o); // makes a copy of o
o2 = $new(33); // if parameter is not an object, throw an exception
o.field = value; //sets field to value
o.field; // returns "field" value of object o

<h3>Methods</h3>
foo = function() {
	$print(this.x);
}
o = $new(null);
o.x = 3;
o.bar = function() {
	foo();
};
o.bar(); // prints 3

<h3>Function scope</h3>
var x = 3;
f = function() {
	$print(x);
}
x = 4;
f(); // print 3

<h3>Prototypes</h3>
var proto = $new(null);
proto.foo = function() {
  $print(this.msg)
}

var o = $new(null);
o.msg = "hello";
$objsetproto(o,proto);
o.foo(); // print "hello"

$objsetproto(o,null); // remove proto
o.foo(); // exception

<h3>Web functionality</h3>
<p>Neko includes <a href="/facts/Apache_HTTP_Server/tcmWYYUq">Apache server</a> modules <a href="https://nekovm.org/doc/mod_neko/">mod_neko</a> for Neko language and mod_tora for hosting the NekoVM <a href="/facts/Application_server/wHYtgYK5">application server</a> <a href="https://github.com/HaxeFoundation/tora">tora</a>. As such, it can process user input using GET and POST requests:
</p>
get_params = $loader.loadprim("mod_neko@get_params",0);
$print("PARAMS = "+get_params());

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/OpenFL/2xv9HJoG">OpenFL</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://nekovm.org">Official website</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131220072451/http://lists.motion-twin.com/pipermail/neko/">Mailing list archives</a> at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2013-12-20)</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>"How is Neko different from .Net's CLR or the Java's JVM ?". FAQ. NekoVM. Retrieved 2021-03-28. <a href="https://nekovm.org/faq/#how-is-neko-different-from-.net's-clr-or-the-java's-jvm?" target="_blank">https://nekovm.org/faq/#how-is-neko-different-from-.net's-clr-or-the-java's-jvm?</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

NekoVM open-in-new

NekoVM