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Dewey Redman
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<h2 id="biography">Biography</h2> <p>Redman was born in <a href="/facts/Fort_Worth%2c_Texas/NNBEqVe8">Fort Worth, Texas</a>. He attended <a href="/facts/I.M._Terrell_High_School/XsFWv7tz">I.M. Terrell High School</a>, and played in the <a href="/facts/School_band/hKTovXNt">school band</a> with <a href="/facts/Ornette_Coleman/ACLIWTT9">Ornette Coleman</a>, <a href="/facts/Prince_Lasha/43yFTXqe">Prince Lasha</a>, and <a href="/facts/Charles_Moffett/qC5D4N8R">Charles Moffett</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> After high school, he briefly enrolled in the electrical engineering program at the <a href="/facts/Tuskegee_Institute/k0EELXz1">Tuskegee Institute</a> in Alabama but became disillusioned with the program and returned home to Texas. In 1953, he earned a bachelor's degree in Industrial Arts from <a href="/facts/Prairie_View_Agricultural_and_Mechanical_University/5f4Yv8YK">Prairie View Agricultural and Mechanical University</a>. While at Prairie View, he switched from <a href="/facts/Clarinet/57a45Ia7">clarinet</a> to <a href="/facts/Alto_saxophone/H3w7NSVD">alto saxophone</a>, then to <a href="/facts/Tenor_saxophone/3wjSPvBF">tenor</a>. After graduating, he served for two years in the <a href="/facts/U._S._Army/WACWBEK9">U. S. Army</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>After his discharge from the Army, Redman began working on a master's degree in education at the <a href="/facts/University_of_North_Texas/GBlevdJU">University of North Texas</a>. While working on his degree, he taught music to fifth graders in <a href="/facts/Bastrop%2c_Texas/cWSbI4Y1">Bastrop, Texas</a> and worked as a freelance saxophonist at night and weekends in Austin, Texas. In 1957, he graduated in Education with a minor in Industrial Arts.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> While at North Texas, he did not enroll in any music classes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p>In 1959 he moved to San Francisco, resulting in a collaboration with clarinettist <a href="/facts/Donald_Garrett/UGBpYkzP">Donald Garrett</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p><p>Redman was best known for his 1968-1972 collaboration with saxophonist <a href="/facts/Ornette_Coleman/ACLIWTT9">Ornette Coleman</a>, with whom he had performed in his Fort Worth high school marching band. He also played in pianist <a href="/facts/Keith_Jarrett/GhJqcQeV">Keith Jarrett</a>'s American Quartet (1971–1976). Jarrett's <i><a href="/facts/The_Survivors%2527_Suite/uGqd71js">The Survivors' Suite</a></i> was voted Jazz Album of the Year by <i><a href="/facts/Melody_Maker/dKcDEXEj">Melody Maker</a></i> in 1978. In the 1970s Redman formed the quartet <a href="/facts/Old_and_New_Dreams/kB5mVxXR">Old and New Dreams</a> with <a href="/facts/Don_Cherry_(trumpeter)/YyYVLdzM">Don Cherry</a>, <a href="/facts/Charlie_Haden/XP6sKJu9">Charlie Haden</a>, and <a href="/facts/Ed_Blackwell/xaLc9aMG">Ed Blackwell</a>. They recorded four albums in the period to 1987. </p><p>Redman recorded as a sideman with <a href="/facts/Paul_Motian/QKk4TJIl">Paul Motian</a> and <a href="/facts/Pat_Metheny/02tQCtoj">Pat Metheny</a>. In 1981 he performed at the <a href="/facts/Woodstock_Jazz_Festival/jBXTY0Kw">Woodstock Jazz Festival</a> for the tenth anniversary of the <a href="/facts/Creative_Music_Studio/B4JVWJJm">Creative Music Studio</a>. He was the subject of the award-winning documentary film <i>Dewey Time</i> directed by Daniel Berman (2001). </p><p>On February 19 and 21, 2004, he played tenor saxophone as a special guest with <a href="/facts/Jazz_at_Lincoln_Center/Uw9lqEEV">Jazz at Lincoln Center</a> in a concert entitled "The Music of Ornette Coleman". Reviewing the performance, Howard Mandel wrote, "Redman, a veteran of Coleman's bands, played on 'Ramblin' and 'Peace', demonstrating more originality, maturity and conviction than anyone else on the bandstand."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>Redman died of liver failure in Brooklyn, New York, on September 2, 2006.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="discography">Discography</h2> <h3>As leader</h3> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Look_for_the_Black_Star/KG8t0cI2">Look for the Black Star</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Freedom_Records_(jazz_label)/8Gt5UM3Y">Freedom</a>, 1966; re-released on Arista Freedom in 1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Tarik_(album)/FsFrKdEh">Tarik</a></i> (<a href="/facts/BYG_Actuel/XSIhyecx">BYG Actuel</a>, 1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Ear_of_the_Behearer/BhMjgMtR">The Ear of the Behearer</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Impulse!_Records/xtE4CkVr">Impulse!</a>, 1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Coincide_(album)/3DvxoXAI">Coincide</a></i> (Impulse!, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Musics_(album)/KPy2LfrF">Musics</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Galaxy_Records/0hsrzGar">Galaxy</a>, 1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Soundsigns/WEN5X6M5">Soundsigns</a></i> (Galaxy, 1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Red_and_Black_in_Willisau/FDuF1hlR">Red and Black in Willisau</a></i> with <a href="/facts/Ed_Blackwell/xaLc9aMG">Ed Blackwell</a> (<a href="/facts/Black_Saint%2fSoul_Note/IcsP3els">Black Saint</a>, 1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Struggle_Continues_(Dewey_Redman_album)/FkUdKVW8">The Struggle Continues</a></i> (<a href="/facts/ECM_Records/5rAX8MmY">ECM</a>, 1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Living_on_the_Edge_(Dewey_Redman_album)/3T6hKhX3">Living on the Edge</a></i> (Black Saint, 1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Choices_(Dewey_Redman_album)/rbXekqmE">Choices</a></i> featuring <a href="/facts/Joshua_Redman/d7xYN6Wj">Joshua Redman</a> (<a href="/facts/Enja_Records/FCLBK0Ww">Enja</a>, 1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/African_Venus/9S475C7k">African Venus</a></i> featuring Joshua Redman (<a href="/facts/Evidence_Music/R4WDH8Bf">Evidence</a>, 1994; re-released on <a href="/facts/Venus_Records/AVI709SB">Venus</a> in 1998 as "Satin Doll") – recorded in 1992</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/In_London_(Dewey_Redman_album)/4VIKQKFA">In London</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Palmetto_Records/RCm9TaUU">Palmetto</a>, 1998) – recorded in 1996</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Momentum_Space_(album)/nufb8qR7">Momentum Space</a></i> with Cecil Taylor and Elvin Jones (<a href="/facts/Verve_Records/m5M2mWMq">Verve</a>, 1999) – recorded in 1998</li></ul> <h3>As <a href="/facts/Old_and_New_Dreams/kB5mVxXR">Old and New Dreams</a></h3> <p>With <a href="/facts/Ed_Blackwell/xaLc9aMG">Ed Blackwell</a>, <a href="/facts/Don_Cherry_(trumpeter)/YyYVLdzM">Don Cherry</a> and <a href="/facts/Charlie_Haden/XP6sKJu9">Charlie Haden</a> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Old_and_New_Dreams_(Black_Saint_album)/MoVqmSgC">Old and New Dreams</a></i> (Black Saint, 1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Old_and_New_Dreams_(ECM_album)/bDwxVPKB">Old and New Dreams</a></i> (ECM, 1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Playing_(album)/Cp8AL8U5">Playing</a></i> (ECM, 1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/A_Tribute_to_Blackwell/uSwVWxMw">A Tribute to Blackwell</a></i> (Black Saint, 1987)</li></ul> <h3>As sideman</h3> <p>With <a href="/facts/Jane_Bunnett/ksgnv4ym">Jane Bunnett</a> </p> <ul><li><i>In Dew Time</i> (Dark Light, 1988)</li> <li><i>Radio Guantánamo: Guantánamo Blues Project, Vol. 1</i> (Blue Note, 2006)</li></ul> <p>With <a href="/facts/Ornette_Coleman/ACLIWTT9">Ornette Coleman</a> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/New_York_Is_Now!/wPIw0qsN">New York Is Now!</a></i> (Blue Note, 1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Love_Call_(album)/UpFmj7Rw">Love Call</a></i> (Blue Note, 1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Ornette_at_12/SSWjTlrX">Ornette at 12</a></i> (Impulse!, 1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Crisis_(Ornette_Coleman_album)/mM6cjx6H">Crisis</a></i> (Impulse!, 1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Friends_and_Neighbors%3a_Live_at_Prince_Street/vqCF575X">Friends and Neighbors: Live at Prince Street</a></i> (Flying Dutchman, 1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Live_in_Paris_1971/ohJCDh3M">Live in Paris 1971</a></i> (Jazz Row, 1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Belgrade_Concert/GlY5HcA9">The Belgrade Concert</a></i> (Jazz Door, 1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Science_Fiction_(Ornette_Coleman_album)/hseejhXf">Science Fiction</a></i> (Columbia, 1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Broken_Shadows/vRyLDbK6">Broken Shadows</a></i> (Columbia, 1971-2 [1982])</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Complete_Science_Fiction_Sessions/rAbpwVeV">The Complete Science Fiction Sessions</a></i> (Columbia, 1971–2 [2000])</li></ul> <p>With <a href="/facts/Charlie_Haden/XP6sKJu9">Charlie Haden's Liberation Music Orchestra</a> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Liberation_Music_Orchestra_(album)/9QFfmLpx">Liberation Music Orchestra</a></i> (Impulse!, 1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Ballad_of_the_Fallen/vEntQ9ge">The Ballad of the Fallen</a></i> (ECM, 1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Dream_Keeper/ga6W9jWr">Dream Keeper</a></i> (Blue Note, 1990)</li></ul> <p>With <a href="/facts/Keith_Jarrett/GhJqcQeV">Keith Jarrett</a> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/El_Juicio_(The_Judgement)/DpCdLzLB">El Juicio</a></i> (Atlantic, 1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Birth_(Keith_Jarrett_album)/NSnTeyKN">Birth</a></i> (Atlantic, 1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Expectations_(Keith_Jarrett_album)/2wqJQTLv">Expectations</a></i> (Columbia, 1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Fort_Yawuh/hb5Jfa4k">Fort Yawuh</a></i> (Impulse!, 1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Treasure_Island_(Keith_Jarrett_album)/K1qxC3IR">Treasure Island</a></i> (Impulse!, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Death_and_the_Flower/Sl9udaCb">Death and the Flower</a></i> (Impulse!, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Back_Hand/gF8RUhFl">Back Hand</a></i> (Impulse!, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Shades_(Keith_Jarrett_album)/mL8beBlY">Shades</a></i> (Impulse!, 1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Mysteries_(album)/pE6kjNPQ">Mysteries</a></i> (Impulse!, 1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Survivors%2527_Suite/uGqd71js">The Survivors' Suite</a></i> (ECM, 1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Bop-Be/ytCavtI3">Bop-Be</a></i> (Impulse!, 1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Eyes_of_the_Heart_(album)/DD7teFn5">Eyes of the Heart</a></i> (ECM, 1979)</li></ul> <p>With <a href="/facts/Paul_Motian/QKk4TJIl">Paul Motian</a> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Monk_in_Motian/zTb7YpJE">Monk in Motian</a></i> (JMT, 1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Trioism/tffYNqb4">Trioism</a></i> (JMT, 1993)</li></ul> <p>With <a href="/facts/Michel_Benita/K1FKaKzr">Michel Benita</a> </p> <ul><li><i>Preferences</i> (Label Bleu, 1990)</li> <li><i>Soul</i> (Label Bleu, 1993)</li></ul> <p>With others </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Jon_Ballantyne/nsGFeDvM">Jon Ballantyne</a>, <i>4tets</i> (Real Artist Works, 2000)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ed_Blackwell/xaLc9aMG">Ed Blackwell</a>, <i><a href="/facts/Walls%25E2%2580%2593Bridges/9EAM0M9f">Walls–Bridges</a></i> (Black Saint, 1992)</li> <li>Michael Bocian, <i>Reverence</i> (Enja, 1994)</li> <li>David Bond, <i>The Key of Life</i> (Vineyard, 2009)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cameron_Brown_(musician)/XQ18rbmj">Cameron Brown</a>, <i>Here and How!</i> (OmniTone, 1997)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Don_Cherry_(trumpeter)/YyYVLdzM">Don Cherry</a>, <i><a href="/facts/Relativity_Suite/ryYf1IFR">Relativity Suite</a></i> (JCOA, 1973)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Anthony_Cox_(musician)/xyYLuJWW">Anthony Cox</a>, <i>Dark Metals</i> (Polygram, 1991)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mark_Helias/DtIedCNv">Mark Helias</a>, <i>Split Image</i> (Enja, 1984)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Billy_Hart/jSR8HF1n">Billy Hart</a>, <i><a href="/facts/Enchance/JwddNIyE">Enchance</a></i> (Horizon, 1977)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Leroy_Jenkins_(jazz_musician)/l9zAemx5">Leroy Jenkins</a>, <i><a href="/facts/For_Players_Only/yRlrj0zK">For Players Only</a></i> (JCOA, 1975)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pat_Metheny/02tQCtoj">Pat Metheny</a>, <i><a href="/facts/80%2f81/fwrqAbqw">80/81</a></i> (ECM, 1980)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Roswell_Rudd/yFANokk6">Roswell Rudd</a> & The <a href="/facts/Jazz_Composer%2527s_Orchestra/DpuaXUq3">Jazz Composer's Orchestra</a>, <i><a href="/facts/Numatik_Swing_Band/881bAhey">Numatik Swing Band</a></i> (JCOA, 1973)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Clifford_Thornton/waJqdV6J">Clifford Thornton</a> & The <a href="/facts/Jazz_Composers_Orchestra/DpuaXUq3">Jazz Composers Orchestra</a>, <i><a href="/facts/The_Gardens_of_Harlem/o6SK12an">The Gardens of Harlem</a></i> (JCOA, 1975)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Randy_Weston/VY1zWPvp">Randy Weston</a>, <i><a href="/facts/The_Spirits_of_Our_Ancestors/Q8K60PQ4">The Spirits of Our Ancestors</a></i> (Antilles, 1991)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Matt_Wilson_(jazz_drummer)/XN55mEoH">Matt Wilson</a>, <i>As Wave Follows Wave</i> (Palmetto, 1996)</li> <li>Dane Belany, <i>Motivations</i> (Sahara, 1975)</li> <li>John Menegon, <i>Search Light</i> (Maki Records 2003)</li></ul> <p>General references </p> <ul><li><i>In Black and White. A guide to magazine articles, newspaper articles, and books concerning Black individuals and groups.</i> Third edition, Supplement. Edited by Mary Mace Spradling. Detroit: Gale Research, 1985</li> <li><i>The Negro Almanac. A reference work on the Afro American.</i> Third edition. Edited by Harry A. Ploski and Warren Marr, II. New York: Bellwether Co., 1976. Later editions published as <i>The African-American Almanac</i></li> <li><i>The African-American Almanac.</i> Sixth edition. Detroit: Gale Research, 1994. Formerly published as <i>The Negro Almanac</i></li> <li><i>The African American Almanac.</i> Eighth edition. Detroit: Gale Group, 2000. Formerly published as <i>The Negro Almanac</i></li> <li><i>The African American Almanac.</i> Ninth edition. Detroit: Gale Group, 2003. Formerly published as <i>The Negro Almanac</i></li> <li><i>All Music Guide to Jazz. The experts' guide to the best jazz recordings.</i> Second edition. Edited by Michael Erlewine. San Francisco: Miller Freeman Books, 1996</li> <li><i>All Music Guide to Jazz. The definitive guide to jazz music.</i> Fourth edition. Edited by Vladimir Bogdanov, Chris Woodstra and Stephen Thomas Erlewine. San Francisco: Backbeat Books, 2002</li> <li><i>Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines.</i> Volume 13: September 1982 – August 1984. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1984</li> <li><i>Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines.</i> Volume 18: September 1992 – August 1993 New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1993</li> <li><i>Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines.</i> Volume 26: September 2000 – August 2001 New York: H. W. Wilson Co., 2001</li> <li><i>Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines.</i> Volume 29: September 2003 – August 2004. New York: H. W. Wilson Co., 2004</li> <li><i>Contemporary Musicians. Profiles of the people in music.</i> Volume 32. Detroit: Gale Group, 2001</li> <li><i>The Encyclopedia of Popular Music.</i> Third edition. Eight volumes. Edited by Colin Larkin. London: MUZE, 1998. Grove's Dictionaries, New York, 1998</li> <li><i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Jazz.</i> By Brian Case and Stan Britt. New York: Harmony Books, 1978</li> <li><i>The Negro Almanac. A reference work on the Afro-American.</i> Fourth edition. Compiled and edited by Harry A. Ploski and James Williams. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1983</li> <li><i>The Negro Almanac. A reference work on the African American.</i> Fifth edition. Detroit: Gale Research, 1989</li> <li><i>The New Grove Dictionary of American Music.</i> Four volumes. Edited by H. Wiley Hitchcock and Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan Press, 1986</li> <li><i>The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz.</i> First edition. Two volumes. Edited by Barry Kernfeld. London: Macmillan Press, 1988</li> <li><i>The Penguin Encyclopedia of Popular Music.</i> Edited by Donald Clarke. New York: Viking Press, 1989</li> <li><i>Who's Who in America.</i> 42nd edition, 1982–1983. Wilmette, IL: Marquis Who's Who, 1982</li> <li><i>Who's Who in America.</i> 43rd edition, 1984–1985. Wilmette, IL: Marquis Who's Who, 1984</li> <li><i>Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians.</i> Ninth edition. Edited by Laura Kuhn. New York: Schirmer Books, 2001</li> <li><i>The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz.</i> Edited by Barry Kernfeld. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994</li> <li><i>The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz.</i> Second edition. Three volumes. Edited by Barry Kernfeld. London: Macmillan Publishers, 2002</li> <li><i>ASCAP Biographical Dictionary.</i> Fourth edition. Compiled for the <a href="/facts/American_Society_of_Composers%2c_Authors_and_Publishers/CdIrEsnT">American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers</a> by Jaques Cattell Press. New York: R.R. Bowker, 1980</li> <li><i>Biographical Dictionary of Afro-American and African Musicians.</i> By Eileen Southern. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1982</li> <li><i>Biographical Dictionary of Jazz.</i> By Charles Eugene Claghorn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1982</li> <li><i>The Encyclopedia of Jazz in the Seventies.</i> By <a href="/facts/Leonard_Feather/UsrhKFgc">Leonard Feather</a> and Ira Gitler. New York: Horizon Press, 1976</li> <li><i>Who's Who in America</i>. 59th edition, 2005. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who, 2004</li></ul> <p>Inline citations </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dewey Redman. <ul><li><a href="http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=937">"Dewey Redman: The Sound of a Giant"</a>, at <i>All About Jazz</i></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061029221003/http://www.jazzpolice.com/content/view/6299/2/">"Dewey Redman: an Enduring Original, 1931–2006"</a>, obituary in <i>Jazz Police</i> magazine, by Andrea Carter</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061214170128/http://thebadplus.typepad.com/dothemath/2006/09/dewey_redman_19.html">obituary at The Bad Plus blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070307044403/http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/news.php?id=10988">Dewey Redman obituary</a> from <i>All About Jazz</i></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Jazz Police – Dewey Redman, an Enduring Original, 1931–2006". Archived from the original on October 29, 2006. Retrieved September 2, 2017. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061029221003/http://www.jazzpolice.com/content/view/6299/2/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20061029221003/http://www.jazzpolice.com/content/view/6299/2/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Dewey Redman" (PDF). Texas State University–San Marcos. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 15, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160115045910/http://gato-docs.its.txstate.edu/texas-music-history-online/Artists/Dewey-Redman/Dewey%20Redman.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160115045910/http://gato-docs.its.txstate.edu/texas-music-history-online/Artists/Dewey-Redman/Dewey%20Redman.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Litweiler, John (1994) [1992]. "Chapter 1". Ornette Coleman: A Harmolodic Life (paperback ed.). New York: Da Capo. pp. 27–30. ISBN 0-306-80580-4. <a href="0-306-80580-4" target="_blank">0-306-80580-4</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Ratliff, Ben (September 4, 2006). "Dewey Redman, 75, Jazz Saxophonist, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved July 20, 2021. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/04/arts/music/04redman.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/04/arts/music/04redman.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Obituary: Dewey Redman Dies, Down Beat, September 5, 2006 <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>University of North Texas Registrar Records <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Dewey Redman Dies". September 5, 2006. <a href="https://downbeat.com/news/detail/dewey-redman-dies" target="_blank">https://downbeat.com/news/detail/dewey-redman-dies</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Obituary: Dewey Redman Dies, Down Beat, September 5, 2006 <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Ratliff, Ben (September 4, 2006). "Dewey Redman, 75, Jazz Saxophonist, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved July 20, 2021. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/04/arts/music/04redman.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/04/arts/music/04redman.html</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"Jazz At Lincoln Center Vs. Ornette Coleman : Features : One Final Note". Onefinalnote.com. Retrieved September 2, 2017. <a href="http://www.onefinalnote.com/features/2004/mandel-jalc/" target="_blank">http://www.onefinalnote.com/features/2004/mandel-jalc/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Fordham, John (October 3, 2006). "Obituary: Dewey Redman". The Guardian. Retrieved July 10, 2018. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/oct/03/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/oct/03/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>