Open Fiber

<h2 id="history">History</h2>
Enel Open Fiber was established in December 2015, as a <a href="/facts/Wholly_owned_subsidiary/l25YN38x">wholly owned subsidiary</a> of <a href="/facts/Italy/tUf0PDYF">Italian</a> <a href="/facts/Energy_company/oXhor64T">energy company</a> <a href="/facts/Enel/SC8zker4">Enel</a>, in order to build an independent <a href="/facts/Fiber-optic_communications/dc6S0Hg5">fibre</a>-based <a href="/facts/Access_network/ybK0Nf5f">access network</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3">3</a>
In July 2016, the <a href="/facts/Company/psBVz9jr">company</a> <a href="/facts/Mergers_and_acquisitions/YfczSf3M">acquired</a> <a href="/facts/Metroweb_Italia/cLeIVQyk">Metroweb</a> from <a href="/facts/F2i_Fondi_Italiani_per_le_Infrastrutture_SGR/fvpWxmtk">F2i SGR</a> and <a href="/facts/Cassa_Depositi_e_Prestiti/5oFBQxmj">Cassa Depositi e Prestiti</a>, a <a href="/facts/Private_equity_fund/60xs1vJT">private equity fund</a> and a <a href="/facts/Sovereign_wealth_fund/U3vJnbL4">sovereign wealth fund</a> respectively. However, CDP also acquired 50% stake in Open Fiber.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4">4</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a>
The company operates in the so-called "market success" clusters A and B as resolved by the <a href="/facts/Council_of_Ministers_(Italy)/c8uVj9qE">Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic</a> on 4 March 2015, ie 282 municipalities in large urban areas by 2022. The areas chosen for the project are a subset of the 642 municipalities categorized as clusters A and B by the <a href="/facts/Government_of_Italy/tYWwpJop">Government</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a> Open Fiber, estimating a cost corresponding to less than half of that proposed by the competition, won all fourteen lots envisaged in the three calls for the "ultra-broadband plan" launched by Infratel Italia for the construction of the network in clusters C and D ie "white areas" with low population density. The plan provides for the implementation of <a href="/facts/FTTH/YaokmYnc">FTTH</a> <a href="/facts/Fiber-optic_communications/dc6S0Hg5">optical fiber</a> with speeds up to 1 Gbit/s for urban areas and agglomerations of housing units, while preparing <a href="/facts/Fixed_wireless_access/qXKRbbT1">FWA</a> radio links for rural or impervious areas and scattered houses.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a>
In March 2020 Open Fiber had accrued penalties for late deliveries of the works amounting to 286,871,750 euros. Their value abundantly exceeded 10% of the amount of the works, a critical threshold which, according to the concession, gave the grantor the right to terminate the contract.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a>
As of February 2023, optical fiber was carried out to 128,518 customers for a declared total cost for the Italian State of 1,471,810,248 euro (11,452 euro for each person). The service is available solely in 2,463,374 immobiliar units in respect of the 6,411,150 that had been planned for June 2023.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a> Broadband diffusion can be verified in real time through a geographical search engine and an interactive map.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a>
In 2022 Enel sells its 50% share, which is acquired for 40% by <a href="/facts/Macquarie_Asset_Management/jxUfo3N8">Macquarie Asset Management</a> and for 10% by <a href="/facts/CDP_Equity/l7aLC1m8">CDP Equity</a>, which reaches a 60% stake in the company.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a>
At the end of 2022, the debt reached a record value of 4.6 billion euros.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a>

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Cassa_Depositi_e_Prestiti/5oFBQxmj">Cassa Depositi e Prestiti</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CDP_Equity/l7aLC1m8">CDP Equity</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Enel/SC8zker4">Enel</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Macquarie_Group/jxUfo3N8">Macquarie Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Metroweb/LGQftpwk">Metroweb</a></li></ul>

<h3>Citations</h3>

<h3>Sources</h3>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Franco_Bernab%25C3%25A8/sqxP4Xkw">Franco Bernabè</a> (2020). "La concorrenza con Open Fiber e la parabola discendente". In <a href="/facts/Giuseppe_Oddo/dS3TyVfe">Giuseppe Oddo</a> (ed.). A conti fatti. Quarant'anni di capitalismo italiano (in Italian). Milan: Feltrinelli. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-88-07-17374-5.</li>
<li>Andrea Colucci (March–April 2019). <a href="https://italia-informa.com/copertina-italia-informa-marzo-aprile-2019.aspx#book/44">"Open Fiber. Innovazione e infrastrutture tecnologiche: un piano Marshall per la competitività del Paese"</a>. Italia Informa (in Italian). No. 2, anno III. Intervista a Elisabetta Ripa, amministratore delegato di Open Fiber. Rome: Gedecom. pp. 42–45. Retrieved 14 July 2020 – via italia-informa.com.</li>
<li>Federica Loffredo (2019). "Il ruolo di Open Fiber nel panorama italiano". Il modello Wholesale Only: la rivoluzione del nuovo codice delle comunicazioni elettroniche (in Italian). Vol. Anno XV, no. 2. Naples: Centro Consulenze Editoriali. pp. 118–122. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1827-0395">1827-0395</a>. {{cite book}}: |periodical= ignored (help)</li></ul>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Open Fiber.

<ul><li><a href="https://www.openfiber.it/">Official website</a> </li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">"Note Legali". www.enelopenfiber.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2016-08-09. <a href="http://www.enelopenfiber.it/note-legali.html" target="_blank">http://www.enelopenfiber.it/note-legali.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">"Enel Open Fiber, fibra ottica a banda ultralarga in Italia". www.enelopenfiber.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2016-08-09. <a href="http://www.enelopenfiber.it/enel-open-fiber.html" target="_blank">http://www.enelopenfiber.it/enel-open-fiber.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">"PRESENTATO AL CDA ENEL IL PIANO STRATEGICO DI ENEL OPEN FIBER". www.enelopenfiber.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2016-08-09. <a href="http://www.enelopenfiber.it/comunicati/comunicato_02.html" target="_blank">http://www.enelopenfiber.it/comunicati/comunicato_02.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">"OPEN FIBER PERFEZIONA L'ACQUISIZIONE DI METROWEB". www.enelopenfiber.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2016-12-24. <a href="http://www.enelopenfiber.it/comunicati/comunicato_15.html" target="_blank">http://www.enelopenfiber.it/comunicati/comunicato_15.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">"OPEN FIBER: CDA APPROVA FUSIONE METROWEB". www.enelopenfiber.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2017-01-27. <a href="https://www.enelopenfiber.it/comunicati/comunicato_16.html" target="_blank">https://www.enelopenfiber.it/comunicati/comunicato_16.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">"ENEL ACCELERATES ON BROADBAND WITH METROWEB ACQUISITION". www.enel.com. <a href="https://www.enel.com/en-GB/Pages/media/press/detail.aspx?source=investors&id=955&title=ENEL%20ACCELERATES%20ON%20BROADBAND%20WITH%20METROWEB%20ACQUISITION&curPage=1" target="_blank">https://www.enel.com/en-GB/Pages/media/press/detail.aspx?source=investors&id=955&title=ENEL%20ACCELERATES%20ON%20BROADBAND%20WITH%20METROWEB%20ACQUISITION&curPage=1</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">"Banda ultralarga, ecco i dati della consultazione 2015". www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2016-07-09. <a href="http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/index.php/it/per-i-media/notizie/2033489-banda-ultralarga-ecco-i-dati-della-consultazione-2015" target="_blank">http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/index.php/it/per-i-media/notizie/2033489-banda-ultralarga-ecco-i-dati-della-consultazione-2015</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">"Intracom Telecom Supplies its Leading FWA Solution to Open Fiber in Italy". www.intracom-telecom.com. Retrieved 2019-09-11. <a href="https://www.intracom-telecom.com/en/news/press/press2019/2019_07_23.htm" target="_blank">https://www.intracom-telecom.com/en/news/press/press2019/2019_07_23.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">"At what stage are the Infratel penalties on Open Fiber?". March 20, 2023. <a href="https://www-startmag-it.translate.goog/innovazione/penali-infratel-open-fiber/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp" target="_blank">https://www-startmag-it.translate.goog/innovazione/penali-infratel-open-fiber/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">"Cosa fa Infratel su Open Fiber e non solo". <a href="https://www.startmag.it/innovazione/infratel-open-fiber-replica-startmag/" target="_blank">https://www.startmag.it/innovazione/infratel-open-fiber-replica-startmag/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">"Open Fiber. Delays everywhere, poor Infratel checks. Meanwhile, each customer has cost the state almost 12,000 euros". March 17, 2023. <a href="https://www-key4biz-it.translate.goog/open-fiber-ritardi-ovunque-scarsi-i-controlli-di-infratel-intanto-ogni-cliente-e-costato-allo-stato-quasi-12mila-euro/439112/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp" target="_blank">https://www-key4biz-it.translate.goog/open-fiber-ritardi-ovunque-scarsi-i-controlli-di-infratel-intanto-ogni-cliente-e-costato-allo-stato-quasi-12mila-euro/439112/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">"When does the fiber arrive? How to check the status of jobs for ultra-broadband". <a href="https://www-tomshw-it.translate.goog/smartphone/fibra-ottica-stato-lavori-banda-ultralarga/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp" target="_blank">https://www-tomshw-it.translate.goog/smartphone/fibra-ottica-stato-lavori-banda-ultralarga/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">"Enel perfeziona la cessione del 50% del capitale di Open Fiber per circa 2.733 milioni di euro - corporate.enel.it". corporate.enel.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2022-08-15. <a href="https://corporate.enel.it/it/media/press/d/2021/12/enel-perfeziona-la-cessione-del-50-del-capitale-di-open-fiber-per-circa-2733-milioni-di-euro" target="_blank">https://corporate.enel.it/it/media/press/d/2021/12/enel-perfeziona-la-cessione-del-50-del-capitale-di-open-fiber-per-circa-2733-milioni-di-euro</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">"Open Fiber. The request for state aid threatens to scuttle the 'national network' project" (in Italian). March 20, 2023. <a href="https://www-key4biz-it.translate.goog/open-fiber-la-richiesta-di-aiuti-di-stato-rischia-di-affossare-il-progetto-di-rete-nazionale/439314/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp" target="_blank">https://www-key4biz-it.translate.goog/open-fiber-la-richiesta-di-aiuti-di-stato-rischia-di-affossare-il-progetto-di-rete-nazionale/439314/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Open Fiber open-in-new

Open Fiber