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Orchelimum pulchellum
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<h2 id="description">Description</h2> <p>The body length of the handsome meadow katydid is 18 to 23 millimetres (0.71 to 0.91 in).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> This katydid is distinguished from <i><a href="/facts/Orchelimum_nigripes/0dPDn5Mk">Orchelimum nigripes</a></i>, its western relative, by the shape of the caudal portion of its lateral pronotum, which is arcuate inferior to the humeral sinus in <i>O. pulchellum</i>, while the same portion is sinuate or sub-sinuate in <i>O. nigripes</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a>: 24–25, 27 The medial tooth on each of the paired male cerci in <i>O. pulchellum</i> is positioned at a less acute angle to the sinuate sinus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> of the cercus in <i>O. pulchellum</i> when compared to that of <i>O. nigripes</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a>: 24–25 <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> In females, the ovipositor is long and sickle shaped.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a>: 27 The tibiae are brown in <i>O. pulchellum</i>, while they are typically black in <i>O. nigripes</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a>: 24–25, 27 <i>O. pulchellum</i> typically has no spines on the inner carinae of the hind femora,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a>: 54 which distinguishes it from another relative, O. carinatum.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> It is distinguished from its Texas relative, <a href="/facts/Orchelimum_bullatum/tNtyyb5C"><i>O. bullatum</i></a>, by virtue of its narrower fastigium and by having spines on the outer ventral carinae of the hind femora,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a>: 24–25, 27 generally numbering at least six total when both sides are counted.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> <i>O. pulchellum</i> commonly has blue compound eyes,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> a trait it shares with <i><a href="/facts/Orchelimum_erythrocephalum/66saRxgP">O. erythrocephalum</a></i>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> on its white<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> or yellow<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> face. At rest, its folded wings appear to have a turquoise stripe,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> while the body is green with reddish marks around the head.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>The song of the handsome meadow katydid is very similar to that of <i><a href="/facts/Orchelimum_nigripes/0dPDn5Mk">Orchelimum nigripes</a></i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> It consists of a series of paired and occasional single clicks leading into a short buzz.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="distribution">Distribution</h2> <p>The handsome meadow katydid is found east of the <a href="/facts/Appalachian_Mountains/f7X1GBDE">Appalachian Mountains</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> as far north as New York state.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> Its range extends south to Florida and west to Mississippi.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="ecology">Ecology</h2> <p>This katydid is found in moist forests and in wetlands.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> It consumes pollen from flowering plants and foliage.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> In Alabama, it is active from mid-July until mid-November.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="evolution">Evolution</h2> <p>According to Shapiro (1998), zones of hybridization have been established by <i>O. pulchellum</i> and <i>O. nigripes</i> in Mississippi and Alabama and along the <a href="/facts/Potomac_River/a6pTbEn0">Potomac River</a>, near the confluence of the <a href="/facts/Anacostia_River/DmbznQUC">Anacostia River</a> with the Potomac below the <a href="/facts/Fall_line/mx9DHIFI">fall line</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li> Media related to Orchelimum pulchellum at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Orchelimum pulchellum Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2019-09-24. <a href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=102237" target="_blank">https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=102237</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Orchelimum pulchellum". GBIF. Retrieved 2019-09-24. <a href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1693707" target="_blank">https://www.gbif.org/species/1693707</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Cotinis (16 January 2012). "Orchelimum pulchellum species information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Otte, Daniel; Cigliano, Maria Marta; Braun, Holger; Eades, David C. (2019). "species Orchelimum pulchellum Davis, 1909". Orthoptera species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2019-07-02. <a href="http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1133691" target="_blank">http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1133691</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Dakin, Jr., Matt E.; Hays, Kirby L. (June 1970). "A Synopsis of Orthoptera (Sensu Lato) of Alabama". Auburn, Alabama: Agricultural Experiment Center, Auburn University. p. 75. Bulletin 404. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343" target="_blank">https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Rehn, James A. G.; Hebard, Morgan (March 1915). "A Synopsis of the Species of the Genus Orchelimum". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 41 (1): 11–87. Retrieved 23 September 2023. <a href="https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001" target="_blank">https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>The presence of sinuate sinuses on the dorsal portion of male cerci among the Orchelimum is a defining characteristic of the nigripes group: O. pulchellum, O. nigripes, O. bullatum and O. carinatum[7] <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Rehn, James A. G.; Hebard, Morgan (March 1915). "A Synopsis of the Species of the Genus Orchelimum". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 41 (1): 11–87. Retrieved 23 September 2023. <a href="https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001" target="_blank">https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Handsome Meadow Katydid". Singing Insects of North America (SINA). Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://orthsoc.org/sina/251a.htm" target="_blank">https://orthsoc.org/sina/251a.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Rehn, James A. G.; Hebard, Morgan (March 1915). "A Synopsis of the Species of the Genus Orchelimum". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 41 (1): 11–87. Retrieved 23 September 2023. <a href="https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001" target="_blank">https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Rehn, James A. G.; Hebard, Morgan (March 1915). "A Synopsis of the Species of the Genus Orchelimum". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 41 (1): 11–87. Retrieved 23 September 2023. <a href="https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001" target="_blank">https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Rehn, James A. G.; Hebard, Morgan (March 1915). "A Synopsis of the Species of the Genus Orchelimum". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 41 (1): 11–87. Retrieved 23 September 2023. <a href="https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001" target="_blank">https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Walker, Thomas J. (1971). "Orchelimum carinatum, a New Meadow Katydid from the Southeastern United States (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)". The Florida Entomologist. 54 (4): 277–281. doi:10.2307/3493586. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Rehn, James A. G.; Hebard, Morgan (March 1915). "A Synopsis of the Species of the Genus Orchelimum". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 41 (1): 11–87. Retrieved 23 September 2023. <a href="https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001" target="_blank">https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4251_001</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Walker, Thomas J. (1971). "Orchelimum carinatum, a New Meadow Katydid from the Southeastern United States (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)". The Florida Entomologist. 54 (4): 277–281. doi:10.2307/3493586. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Cotinis (16 January 2012). "Orchelimum pulchellum species information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Cotinis; Phillip Harpootlian (18 November 2013). "Species Orchelimum erythrocephalum - Red-Headed Meadow Katydid". BugGuide. Retrieved 29 October 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/7597" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/7597</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Cotinis (16 January 2012). "Orchelimum pulchellum species information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Dakin, Jr., Matt E.; Hays, Kirby L. (June 1970). "A Synopsis of Orthoptera (Sensu Lato) of Alabama". Auburn, Alabama: Agricultural Experiment Center, Auburn University. p. 75. Bulletin 404. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343" target="_blank">https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Cotinis (16 January 2012). "Orchelimum pulchellum species information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Dakin, Jr., Matt E.; Hays, Kirby L. (June 1970). "A Synopsis of Orthoptera (Sensu Lato) of Alabama". Auburn, Alabama: Agricultural Experiment Center, Auburn University. p. 75. Bulletin 404. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343" target="_blank">https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Shapiro, Leo H. (1998). "Hybridization and Geographic Variation in Two Meadow Katydid Contact Zones" (PDF). Evolution. 52 (3): 784–796. Retrieved 27 February 2024 – via The Orthopterists' Society. <a href="https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf" target="_blank">https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"Handsome Meadow Katydid". Singing Insects of North America (SINA). Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://orthsoc.org/sina/251a.htm" target="_blank">https://orthsoc.org/sina/251a.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Shapiro, Leo H. (1998). "Hybridization and Geographic Variation in Two Meadow Katydid Contact Zones" (PDF). Evolution. 52 (3): 784–796. Retrieved 27 February 2024 – via The Orthopterists' Society. <a href="https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf" target="_blank">https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Cotinis (16 January 2012). "Orchelimum pulchellum species information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/9493</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Shapiro, Leo H. (1998). "Hybridization and Geographic Variation in Two Meadow Katydid Contact Zones" (PDF). Evolution. 52 (3): 784–796. Retrieved 27 February 2024 – via The Orthopterists' Society. <a href="https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf" target="_blank">https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Dakin, Jr., Matt E.; Hays, Kirby L. (June 1970). "A Synopsis of Orthoptera (Sensu Lato) of Alabama". Auburn, Alabama: Agricultural Experiment Center, Auburn University. p. 75. Bulletin 404. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343" target="_blank">https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Cotinis (31 August 2010). "Genus Orchelimum". BugGuide. Retrieved 8 August 2022. <a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/7070" target="_blank">https://bugguide.net/node/view/7070</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Dakin, Jr., Matt E.; Hays, Kirby L. (June 1970). "A Synopsis of Orthoptera (Sensu Lato) of Alabama". Auburn, Alabama: Agricultural Experiment Center, Auburn University. p. 75. Bulletin 404. Retrieved 7 August 2022. <a href="https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343" target="_blank">https://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/2343</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>Shapiro, Leo H. (1998). "Hybridization and Geographic Variation in Two Meadow Katydid Contact Zones" (PDF). Evolution. 52 (3): 784–796. Retrieved 27 February 2024 – via The Orthopterists' Society. <a href="https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf" target="_blank">https://orthsoc.org/sina/s220ls98.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>