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Modern Records
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>In the beginning, Modern bought master recordings from other small labels, as with the purchase of 32 unreleased <a href="/facts/Gold_Star_Records/C948tVyN">Gold Star Records</a> <a href="/facts/Master_recordings/2EG4KMxC">master recordings</a> by <a href="/facts/Lightnin%2527_Hopkins/RzVkYJjp">Lightnin' Hopkins</a> and <a href="/facts/Lil%2527_Son_Jackson/V1GKnjug">Lil' Son Jackson</a> for $2,500 from Bill Quinn in 1951.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> The Biharis also often used pseudonyms to give themselves writing credit on songs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> Saul Bihari, for example, (whose middle name was Samuel) used the name Sam Ling as a songwriting pseudonym. Having started as an R&B label, Modern was later one of the few R&B labels to routinely cover rhythm and blues hits on other labels, apparently in an attempt to broaden their appeal and reach the popular market. </p><p>In 1958, the Bihari brothers formed <a href="/facts/Kent_Records/p298A7mD">Kent Records</a> and stopped issuing records on Modern.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> In 1964, the Modern imprint was revived and <a href="/facts/The_Ikettes/7BHK6GzR">the Ikettes</a> released a few successful singles in 1965,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> but the company went bankrupt a few years later and ceased operations. The catalog went with the management into Kent Records. This back catalog was eventually licensed to the UK label <a href="/facts/Ace_Records_(United_Kingdom)/vgc73l8L">Ace Records</a> in the 1980s and later sold outright during the 1990s. Ace Records of the U.K. now owns the master tapes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="management-and-staff">Management and staff</h2> <ul><li>Saul, Jules and Joe Bihari were the main people who ran the label. Their older brother Lester was only there sporadically.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ike_Turner/BxH0IJaV">Ike Turner</a> was a talent scout and session musician for Modern Records in the 1950s.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> Artists Turner discovered for Modern include <a href="/facts/Bobby_Bland/rC57e4zI">Bobby "Blue" Bland</a>, <a href="/facts/Howlin%2527_Wolf/Rf5RShoM">Howlin' Wolf</a>, and <a href="/facts/Rosco_Gordon/wugFuLlP">Rosco Gordon</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> According to <a href="/facts/B.B._King/qkl0UUPV">B.B. King</a> and Joe Bihari, Turner introduced King to the Bihari brothers which led to his <a href="/facts/RPM_Records_(United_States)/NFgvDF44">RPM</a> releases.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tony_Hilder/0IMD5KtB">Tony Hilder</a> was an <a href="/facts/Artists_and_repertoire/VwWpkYku">A&R man</a> for Modern Records in the late 1950s. Later he went on to form his own labels, first CT Records<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> and later owner and president of <a href="/facts/Impact_Records_(California)/CjYjAXuW">Impact Records</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></li> <li>Austin McCoy was an artist, session musician and recording session director with Modern Records. He left Modern in late 1950 to take up an A&R post with <a href="/facts/Mercury_Records/4uPSg8KB">Mercury Records</a> at their Beverly Hills office.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="albums">Albums</h2> <ul><li><i>Modern Music: The First Year – 1945</i> (<a href="/facts/Ace_Records_(UK)/vgc73l8L">Ace</a> CDTOP 1339, 2012)</li></ul> <p>The following albums were released in <a href="/facts/Monaural/1lKJ5jAW">mono</a> with catalogue numbers "M-70nn" and in <a href="/facts/Stereophonic_sound/z0vmJcGT">stereo</a> with catalogue numbers "MST-8nn": </p> <ul><li>–00 Era of <a href="/facts/Tommy_Dorsey/G3f1Gk4V">Tommy Dorsey</a></li> <li>–01 Era of <a href="/facts/Benny_Goodman/km4lRfnA">Benny Goodman</a></li> <li>–02 Era of <a href="/facts/Charlie_Barnet/Vj0EgL3U">Charlie Barnet</a></li> <li>–03 Era of <a href="/facts/Glenn_Miller/3hHFKzTU">Glenn Miller</a></li> <li>–04 Era of <a href="/facts/Woody_Herman/MFNrkBpk">Woody Herman</a></li> <li>–05 Era of the <a href="/facts/Big_Band/5PNVN80e">Big Bands</a></li> <li>–06 <a href="/facts/Dixieland/vLe51rkt">Dixieland</a></li> <li>–07 Polka Party Time</li> <li>–08 <a href="/facts/Tack_piano/PohbJ0DL">Honky Tonk Piano</a></li> <li>–09 The <a href="/facts/List_of_compositions_by_Johann_Strauss_II/l20VhBt1">Strauss Waltzes</a></li> <li>–10 Day Dreams</li> <li>–11 Organ Gems</li> <li>–12 <a href="/facts/Cha-cha-ch%25C3%25A1_(music)/GrIff4tK">Cha Cha Cha</a></li> <li>–13 <a href="/facts/Sing-along/4QLAblzn">Sing-A-Long</a></li> <li>–14 <a href="/facts/Rock_and_Roll/hNDC5KwW">Rock and Roll</a> Party</li> <li>–15 The Heart of Spain</li> <li>–16 Oldies and Goodies</li> <li>–17 Progressive Percussion</li> <li>–18 Hawaiian Holiday</li> <li>–19 Era of <a href="/facts/Hank_Williams/Gyc7CFXI">Hank Williams</a></li> <li>–20 Tradewinds to Hawaii</li> <li>–21 Dynamic Percussion</li> <li>–22 Mambo Cha Cha Cha</li> <li>–23 <a href="/facts/The_Ink_Spots/MHksIv8V">The Fabulous Ink Spots</a></li></ul> <h2 id="selected-singles">Selected singles</h2> <table><tbody><tr><th>Catalog No.</th><th>Releasedate</th><th><a href="/facts/Billboard_Hot_100/gwKl8VL9">US</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Hot_R%2526B%2fHip-Hop_Songs/830VoC96">USR&B</a></th><th>Single (A-side, B-side)</th><th>Artist</th></tr><tr><td>624<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></td><td>Oct 1948</td><td>—</td><td>1</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Blues_After_Hours/oEPKL3NH">Blues After Hours</a>"b/w "I'm Still In Love With You"</td><td><a href="/facts/Pee_Wee_Crayton/wNHddlVT">Pee Wee Crayton</a></td></tr><tr><td>627<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a></td><td>Nov 1948</td><td>—</td><td>1</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Boogie_Chillen%2527/mv4v2e2S">Boogie Chillen</a>"b/w "Sally May"</td><td><a href="/facts/John_Lee_Hooker/J79nWXwy">John Lee Hooker</a></td></tr><tr><td>704<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></td><td>Oct 1949</td><td>—</td><td>5</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Good_Morning%2c_School_Girl/y9YAdYso">Little School Girl</a>"b/w Suitcase Blues"</td><td><a href="/facts/Smokey_Hogg/tKqVBuGW">Smokey Hogg</a></td></tr><tr><td>714</td><td>Oct 1949</td><td>—</td><td>6</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Crawling_King_Snake/ED32Sbh7">Crawlin' King Snake</a>"b/w "Drifting from Door to Door"</td><td>John Lee Hooker</td></tr><tr><td>835</td><td>Sep 1951</td><td>—</td><td>1</td><td>"I'm in the Mood"b/w "How Can You Do It"</td><td>John Lee Hooker</td></tr><tr><td>848</td><td>Dec 1951</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"Crying All Night Long"b/w "Dry Up Baby"</td><td><a href="/facts/Bobby_Bland/rC57e4zI">Robert Bland</a></td></tr><tr><td>857</td><td>Feb 1952</td><td>—</td><td>7</td><td>"The Wind Is Blowin"b/w "Would My Baby Make A Change"</td><td><a href="/facts/Jimmy_Witherspoon/CrVQ1Ea8">Jimmy Witherspoon</a></td></tr><tr><td>860</td><td>Mar 1952</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"Ramblin' On My Mind"b/w "Just An Army Boy"</td><td><a href="/facts/Boyd_Gilmore/AfsR3P43">Boyd Gilmore</a></td></tr><tr><td>864</td><td>Apr 1952</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"Bad Women Bad Whiskey"b/w "You're My Angel"</td><td><a href="/facts/Junior_Parker/o8F1pnq3">Little Junior Parker</a> and the Blue Flames</td></tr><tr><td>947</td><td>Jan 1955</td><td>—</td><td>1</td><td>"<a href="/facts/The_Wallflower_(Dance_with_Me%2c_Henry)/VTFKCLov">The Wallflower</a>"b/w "Hold Me, Squeeze Me"</td><td><a href="/facts/Etta_James/2DKsnj4K">Etta James</a> and "The Peaches"</td></tr><tr><td>961</td><td>Jun 1955</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"Mary Lou"b/w "Don't Think I Will"</td><td><a href="/facts/Young_Jessie/4da8GsQP">Young Jessie</a>, <a href="/facts/Maxwell_Davis/EuArLvNL">Maxwell Davis</a> & Orchestra</td></tr><tr><td>962</td><td>Aug 1955</td><td>—</td><td>6</td><td>"Good Rockin' Daddy"b/w "Crazy Feeling"</td><td>Etta James, Maxwell Davis & Orchestra</td></tr><tr><td>1002</td><td>Sep 1956</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"Hit, Git And Split"b/w "Don't Happen No More"</td><td>Young Jessie</td></tr><tr><td>1005</td><td>Oct 1956</td><td>—</td><td>7</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Goodnight_My_Love_(1956_song)/HH8eCErr">Goodnight My Love (Pleasant Dreams)</a>"b/w "I Want You With Me Xmas"</td><td><a href="/facts/Jesse_Belvin/4fpp2nSt">Jessie Belvin</a></td></tr><tr><td>1022</td><td>Jun 1957</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"<a href="/facts/By_the_Light_of_the_Silvery_Moon_(song)/8LkQum0W">By The Light Of The Silvery Moon</a>"b/w "Come What May"</td><td>Etta James</td></tr><tr><td>1027</td><td>Nov 1957</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"Just To Say Hello"b/w "My Satellite"</td><td>Jesse Belvin</td></tr><tr><td>1003<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></td><td>Dec 1964</td><td>107</td><td>—</td><td>"Camel Walk"<p>b/w "Nobody Loves Me"</p></td><td><a href="/facts/The_Ikettes/7BHK6GzR">The Ikettes</a></td></tr><tr><td>1005<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></td><td>Feb 1965</td><td>36</td><td>28</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Peaches_%2527N%2527_Cream/DhFsHHsg">Peaches 'N' Cream</a>"b/w "The Biggest Players"</td><td>The Ikettes</td></tr><tr><td>1007<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></td><td>May 1965</td><td>107</td><td>32</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Good_Bye%2c_So_Long/ehoh5ToW">Good Bye, So Long</a>"b/w "Hurt Is All You Gave Me"</td><td><a href="/facts/Ike_%2526_Tina_Turner/bsUd8I6e">Ike & Tina Turner</a></td></tr><tr><td>1011<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></td><td>Jul 1965</td><td>74</td><td>12</td><td>"<a href="/facts/I%2527m_So_Thankful/vLJqzGDA">I'm So Thankful</a>"b/w "Don't Feel Sorry For Me"</td><td>The Ikettes</td></tr><tr><td>1012<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td>Aug 1965</td><td>134</td><td>—</td><td>"<a href="/facts/I_Don%2527t_Need/zgAS3LEY">I Don't Need</a>"b/w "Gonna Have Fun"</td><td>Ike & Tina Turner</td></tr><tr><td>1015<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td>Jan 1966</td><td>122</td><td>—</td><td>"(Never More) Lonely For You"b/w "<a href="/facts/Sally_Go_%2527Round_the_Roses/gDvoxxxj">Sally Go Round the Roses</a>"</td><td>The Ikettes</td></tr><tr><td>1030</td><td>1967</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>"<a href="/facts/Bring_It_On_Home_to_Me/Juq0YArj">Bring It Back Home To Me</a>"b/w "Slippin' And Slidin'"</td><td><a href="/facts/Little_Richard/Rge7ckPJ">Little Richard</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Kent_Records/p298A7mD">Kent Records</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Crown_Records/CC21xtmG">Crown Records</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Flair_Records/UBUKbr4p">Flair Records</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Meteor_Records/dsVs5ycL">Meteor Records</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/RPM_Records_(United_States)/NFgvDF44">RPM Records</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Yuletide_Records/ec80ojG6">Yuletide Records</a> (<a href="/facts/Christmas_music/PrX2z9vv">Christmas music</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080605030318/http://forbiddeneye.com/labels/crown.html">Crown Records Discography</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.bsnpubs.com/modern/modernstory.html">Modern Records Story</a></li> <li><a href="https://archive.org/details/georgeblood?and%5B%5D=publisher:modern">Modern Records</a> on the Internet Archive's <a href="http://great78.archive.org/">Great 78 Project</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Encyclopedia of the Blues, Volume 1. Routledge. 2006. p. 700. <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Yardley, William (December 11, 2013). "Joe Bihari, Who Put Early R&B on Record, Dies at 88". The New York Times. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/12/arts/music/joe-bihari-who-put-early-rb-on-record-dies-at-88.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/12/arts/music/joe-bihari-who-put-early-rb-on-record-dies-at-88.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Modern Buys 32 Hopkins, Jackson Masters for $2,500". Billboard. September 29, 1951. p. 26. Retrieved August 21, 2024. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3UQEAAAAMBAJ&dq=september+1951+billboard+quinn+modern&pg=PA26" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=3UQEAAAAMBAJ&dq=september+1951+billboard+quinn+modern&pg=PA26</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Yardley, William (December 11, 2013). "Joe Bihari, Who Put Early R&B on Record, Dies at 88". The New York Times. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/12/arts/music/joe-bihari-who-put-early-rb-on-record-dies-at-88.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/12/arts/music/joe-bihari-who-put-early-rb-on-record-dies-at-88.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Kent Launches R-B Singles" (PDF). Billboard. March 24, 1958. p. 3. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/50s/1958/Billboard%201958-03-23.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/50s/1958/Billboard%201958-03-23.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"The Ikettes Top Songs / Chart Singles Discography". musicvf.com. Retrieved 2021-01-28. <a href="https://www.musicvf.com/The+Ikettes.art" target="_blank">https://www.musicvf.com/The+Ikettes.art</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Gillett, Charlie (1996). The Rise of Rock and Roll (2nd ed.). New York: Da Capo Press. pp. 85–86. ISBN 0-306-80683-5. <a href="0-306-80683-5" target="_blank">0-306-80683-5</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Kostelanetz, Richard; Reiswig, Jesse, eds. (2005). The B.B. King Reader: 6 Decades of Commentary. Hal Leonard. p. 7. ISBN 9780634099274. <a href="9780634099274" target="_blank">9780634099274</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Yardley, William (December 11, 2013). "Joe Bihari, Who Put Early R&B on Record, Dies at 88". The New York Times. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/12/arts/music/joe-bihari-who-put-early-rb-on-record-dies-at-88.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/12/arts/music/joe-bihari-who-put-early-rb-on-record-dies-at-88.html</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Turner, Ike; Cawthorne, Nigel (1999). Takin' Back My Name: The Confessions of Ike Turner. London: Virgin. ISBN 9781852278502. OCLC 43321298. <a href="9781852278502" target="_blank">9781852278502</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Kostelanetz, Richard; Reiswig, Jesse, eds. (2005). The B.B. King Reader: 6 Decades of Commentary. Hal Leonard. p. 7. ISBN 9780634099274. <a href="9780634099274" target="_blank">9780634099274</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Tony Hilder Biography at AllMusic <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000005010" target="_blank">https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000005010</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Billboard Music Week May 8, 1961 Page 4 Music As Written, Hollywood <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ACEEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22IMpact+Records%22Tony+Hilder%22&pg=PA4" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=ACEEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22IMpact+Records%22Tony+Hilder%22&pg=PA4</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties, Robert J. Dalley Page 259, Page 298, Page 299 <a href="/wiki/Surfin%27_Guitars:_Instrumental_Surf_Bands_of_the_Sixties" target="_blank">/wiki/Surfin%27_Guitars:_Instrumental_Surf_Bands_of_the_Sixties</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>The Billboard December 16, 1950 Page 12 McCoy Joins Modern Staff <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zB0EAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22Modern+Records%22Billboard+Manager&pg=PA12" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=zB0EAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22Modern+Records%22Billboard+Manager&pg=PA12</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Best-Selling Retail Race Records" (PDF). Billboard. November 6, 1948. p. 31. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1948/Billboard%201948-11-06.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1948/Billboard%201948-11-06.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"Most Played Juke Box Race Records" (PDF). Billboard. February 19, 1949. p. 32. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1949/Billboard%201949-02-19.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1949/Billboard%201949-02-19.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"Advance Rhythm & Blues Record Releases" (PDF). Billboard. October 22, 1949. p. 67. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1949/Billboard%201949-10-22b.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1949/Billboard%201949-10-22b.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>"Most-Played Juke Box Rhythm & Blues Records" (PDF). Billboard. January 14, 1950. p. 33. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/50s/1950/Billboard%201950-01-14.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/50s/1950/Billboard%201950-01-14.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"Bubbling Under The Hot 100" (PDF). Billboard. February 13, 1965. p. 28. <a href="https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-02-13.pdf" target="_blank">https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-02-13.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"The Ikettes Chart History". Billboard. <a href="https://www.billboard.com/music/the-ikettes" target="_blank">https://www.billboard.com/music/the-ikettes</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"Top Selling Rhythm & Blues Singles" (PDF). Billboard. June 19, 1965. p. 43. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-06-19.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-06-19.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"The Ikettes Chart History". Billboard. <a href="https://www.billboard.com/music/the-ikettes" target="_blank">https://www.billboard.com/music/the-ikettes</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"Bubbling Under The Hot 100" (PDF). Billboard. August 7, 1965. p. 20. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-08-07.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-08-07.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"Bubbling Under The Hot 100" (PDF). Billboard. February 5, 1966. p. 24. <a href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1966/Billboard%201966-02-05.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1966/Billboard%201966-02-05.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>