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Anous
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<h2 id="taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2> <p>The genus was introduced as <i>Anoüs</i> by the English naturalist <a href="/facts/James_Francis_Stephens/HyNgw4UQ">James Francis Stephens</a> in 1826.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> <i>Anous</i> is <a href="/facts/Ancient_Greek/LIK7NlUh">Ancient Greek</a> for "stupid" or "foolish".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> Noddies are often unwary and were well known to sailors for their apparent indifference to hunters or predators. They find <a href="/facts/Predator_satiation/2kCDfHLn">safety in enormous numbers</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>A <a href="/facts/Molecular_phylogenetic/FysplHP5">molecular phylogenetic</a> study published in 2007 found that the genus <i>Anous</i> was a <a href="/facts/Sister_group/pNNuVex4">sister group</a> to a <a href="/facts/Clade/XefyYmWn">clade</a> containing the terns, gulls and skimmers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> A study of the phylogenetic relationship between the five noddies published in 2016 found that they formed a single clade with the <a href="/facts/Blue_noddy/GjeXtkdG">blue noddy</a> and the <a href="/facts/Grey_noddy/WwgzImTt">grey noddy</a> which were at the time in the genus <i>Procelsterna</i> embedded within the three species in <i>Anous</i>. The authors proposed that the noddies should be merged into a single genus <i>Anous</i> and that <i>Procelsterna</i> should be considered as a <a href="/facts/Synonym_(taxonomy)/BHLdox7E">junior synonym</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> Genus <i>Anous </i> – <a href="/facts/James_Francis_Stephens/HyNgw4UQ">Stephens</a>, 1826 – five species<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Common name</th><th scope="col">Scientific name and subspecies</th><th scope="col">Range</th><th scope="col">Size and ecology</th><th scope="col">IUCN status and estimated population</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Brown_noddy/ULjp5zqy">Brown noddy</a> or common noddy</th><td><i><a href="/facts/Anous_stolidus/ULjp5zqy">Anous stolidus</a></i> (Linnaeus, 1758)Four subspecies<ul><li><i>A. s. pileatus</i> (<a href="/facts/Giovanni_Antonio_Scopoli/Pc8CPo5a">Scopoli</a>, 1786) </li><li><i>A. s. galapagensis</i> <a href="/facts/Richard_Bowdler_Sharpe/c0UKTS57">Sharpe</a>, 1879 </li><li><i>A. s. ridgwayi</i> Anthony, 1898 </li><li><i>A. s. stolidus</i> (<a href="/facts/Carl_Linnaeus/gy5HWkHS">Linnaeus</a>, 1758)</li></ul></td><td>from Hawaii to the Tuamotu Archipelago and Australia in the Pacific Ocean, from the Red Sea to the Seychelles and Australia in the Indian Ocean and in the Caribbean to Tristan da Cunha in the Atlantic Ocean.</td><td><i>Size</i>: <i>Habitat</i>: <i>Diet</i>:</td><td><a href="/facts/Least-concern_species/8u7koV5r"> LC </a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Black_noddy/5SU4WKJy">Black noddy</a></th><td><i><a href="/facts/Anous_minutus/5SU4WKJy">Anous minutus</a></i> Boie, F, 1844Seven subspecies<ul><li><i>A. m. worcesteri</i> (McGregor, 1911)</li><li><i>A. m. minutus</i> <a href="/facts/Friedrich_Boie/U3AmgfCQ">Boie</a>, 1844 </li><li><i>A. m. marcusi</i> (Bryan, 1903) </li><li><i>A. m. melanogenys</i> <a href="/facts/George_Robert_Gray/wgvPxm8e">Gray</a>, 1846 </li><li><i>A. m. diamesus</i> (<a href="/facts/Edmund_Heller/yhwvU132">Heller</a> and <a href="/facts/Robert_Evans_Snodgrass/gVjkVzbE">Snodgrass</a>, 1901) </li><li><i>A. m. americanus</i> (<a href="/facts/Gregory_Mathews/FsubzD0l">Mathews</a>, 1912) </li><li><i>A. m. atlanticus</i> (<a href="/facts/Gregory_Mathews/FsubzD0l">Mathews</a>, 1912) </li></ul></td><td>the Pacific Ocean and more scattered across the Caribbean, central Atlantic and in the northeast Indian Ocean.</td><td><i>Size</i>: <i>Habitat</i>: <i>Diet</i>:</td><td><a href="/facts/Least-concern_species/8u7koV5r"> LC </a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Lesser_noddy/rYlEhEJR">Lesser noddy</a>, sometimes been considered to be a <a href="/facts/Subspecies/4L9jFacF">subspecies</a> of the black noddy.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></th><td><i><a href="/facts/Anous_tenuirostris/rYlEhEJR">Anous tenuirostris</a></i> (Temminck, 1823)Two subspecies<ul><li><i>A. t. tenuirostris</i> (<a href="/facts/Coenraad_Jacob_Temminck/sDC9WWp5">Temminck</a>, 1823)</li><li><i>A. t. melanops</i> <a href="/facts/John_Gould/W2TgEz41">Gould</a>, 1846 </li></ul></td><td>coastlines of Comoros, Kenya, India, Maldives, Mauritius, Seychelles, Sri Lanka and United Arab Emirates.</td><td><i>Size</i>: <i>Habitat</i>: <i>Diet</i>:</td><td><a href="/facts/Least-concern_species/8u7koV5r"> LC </a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Blue_noddy/GjeXtkdG">Blue noddy</a> (formerly placed in <i>Procelsterna</i>)</th><td><i><a href="/facts/Blue_noddy/GjeXtkdG">Anous cerulea</a></i> (Bennett, FD, 1840)Five subspecies<ul><li><i>A. c. saxatilis</i> (Fisher, 1903)</li><li><i>A. c. ceruleus</i> (Bennett, 1840)</li><li><i>A. c. nebouxi</i> (<a href="/facts/Gregory_Mathews/FsubzD0l">Mathews</a>, 1912)</li><li><i>A. c. teretirostris</i> (<a href="/facts/Fr%25C3%25A9d%25C3%25A9ric_de_Lafresnaye/PueoyU8r">Lafresnaye</a>, 1841)</li><li><i>A. c. murphyi</i> (Mougin & <a href="/facts/Ren%25C3%25A9_de_Naurois/MVeQEoom">Naurois</a>, 1981)</li></ul></td><td>American Samoa, the Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga (Niua), Tuvalu and Hawaii.</td><td><i>Size</i>: <i>Habitat</i>: <i>Diet</i>:</td><td><a href="/facts/Least-concern_species/8u7koV5r"> LC </a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/Grey_noddy/WwgzImTt">Grey noddy</a> (formerly placed in <i>Procelsterna</i>)</th><td><i><a href="/facts/Anous_albivitta/WwgzImTt">Anous albivitta</a></i> (Bonaparte, 1856)Three subspecies<ul><li><i>A. a. albivitta</i> (<a href="/facts/Charles_Lucien_Bonaparte/PunLn0Xz">Bonaparte</a>, 1856)</li><li><i>A. a. skottsbergii</i> (<a href="/facts/Einar_L%25C3%25B6nnberg/kjcDL03I">Lönnberg</a>, 1921)</li><li><i>A. a. imitatrix</i> (<a href="/facts/Gregory_Macalister_Mathews/FsubzD0l">Mathews</a>, 1912)</li></ul></td><td>south Pacific Ocean</td><td><i>Size</i>: <i>Habitat</i>: <i>Diet</i>:</td><td><a href="/facts/Least-concern_species/8u7koV5r"> LC </a></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Olsen and Larsson, <i>Terns of Europe and North America</i> <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-7136-4056-1</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Noddies, gulls, terns, auks". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 June 2019. <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gill_(ornithologist)" target="_blank">/wiki/Frank_Gill_(ornithologist)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Anous, TOLWEB <a href="http://www.tolweb.org/Anous" target="_blank">http://www.tolweb.org/Anous</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Anous, TOLWEB <a href="http://www.tolweb.org/Anous" target="_blank">http://www.tolweb.org/Anous</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Gochfeld, M.; Burger, J.; Garcia, E.F.J. (2020). "Lesser Noddy (Anous tenuirostris)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. doi:10.2173/bow.lesnod1.01. S2CID 242647369. Retrieved 17 April 2017. <a href="http://www.hbw.com/node/54051" target="_blank">http://www.hbw.com/node/54051</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Gochfeld, M.; Burger, J.; Kirwan, G.M.; Garcia, E.F.J. (2020). "Brown Noddy (Anous stolidus)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. doi:10.2173/bow.brnnod.01. Retrieved 17 April 2017. <a href="http://www.hbw.com/node/54049" target="_blank">http://www.hbw.com/node/54049</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Gochfeld, M.; Burger, J.; Kirwan, G.M.; Garcia, E.F.J. (2020). "Black Noddy (Anous minutus)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. doi:10.2173/bow.blknod.01. Retrieved 17 April 2017. <a href="http://www.hbw.com/node/54050" target="_blank">http://www.hbw.com/node/54050</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Peters, James Lee, ed. (1934). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 346. <a href="/wiki/James_L._Peters" target="_blank">/wiki/James_L._Peters</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Stephens, James Francis (1826). General zoology, or Systematic natural history, by George Shaw. Vol. 13, Part 1. London: G. Kearsley. p. 139. The title page gives the year as 1825. <a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Stephens" target="_blank">/wiki/James_Francis_Stephens</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. <a href="978-1-4081-2501-4" target="_blank">978-1-4081-2501-4</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Brown Noddy or Common Noddy <a href="http://www.beautyofbirds.com/brownnoddies.html" target="_blank">http://www.beautyofbirds.com/brownnoddies.html</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Baker, A.J.; Pereira, S.L.; Paton, T.A. (2007). "Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of Charadriiformes genera: multigene evidence for the Cretaceous origin of at least 14 clades of shorebirds". Biology Letters. 3 (2): 205–209. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0606. PMC 2375939. PMID 17284401. Baker, Allan J; Pereira, Sérgio L; Paton, Tara A (2008). "Erratum: Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of Charadriiformes genera: multigene evidence for the Cretaceous origin of at least 14 clades of shorebirds". Biology Letters. 4: 762–763. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0606erratum. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2375939" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2375939</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Cibois, A.; Thibault, J.-C.; Rocamora, G.; Pasquet, E. (2016). "Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Blue and Grey Noddies (Procelsterna)". Ibis. 158 (2): 433–438. doi:10.1111/ibi.12363. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Gochfeld, M.; Burger, J.; Garcia, E.F.J. (2020). "Lesser Noddy (Anous tenuirostris)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. doi:10.2173/bow.lesnod1.01. S2CID 242647369. Retrieved 17 April 2017. <a href="http://www.hbw.com/node/54051" target="_blank">http://www.hbw.com/node/54051</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>