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Atractus
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<h2 id="geographic-range">Geographic range</h2> <p>Snakes of the genus <i>Atractus</i> are <a href="/facts/Endemism/xt4IpIsl">endemic</a> to <a href="/facts/Central_America/CXKgTuxC">Central</a> and <a href="/facts/South_America/PhrFEMk7">South America</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="description">Description</h2> <p>In the genus <i>Atractus</i> the <a href="/facts/Maxilla/LbgmySaT">maxilla</a> is short, with 8–12 teeth; the maxillary and <a href="/facts/Mandible/1ATEfAQa">mandibular</a> teeth decrease in size posteriorly. The head is not distinct from the neck. The eye is small, with a round or subelliptic pupil. The nostril is between two <a href="/facts/Nasal_scale/zg6NXdpU">nasal scales</a>. The <a href="/facts/Ocular_scales/IP9NuXg1">preocular</a> is usually absent, and the <a href="/facts/Loreal_scale/M4p3AqE4">loreal</a> and <a href="/facts/Prefrontal_scales/ALjble3X">prefrontal scales</a> enter the orbit. The body is cylindrical. The <a href="/facts/Dorsal_scales/g8coh9vl">dorsal scales</a> are smooth, without apical pits, in 15 or 17 rows. The <a href="/facts/Ventral_scales/L3IoaCEX">ventral scales</a> are rounded. The tail can be either short or rather long. The <a href="/facts/Subcaudal_scales/o7WgxuQp">subcaudals</a> are paired.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="reproduction">Reproduction</h2> <p>The genus <i>Atractus</i> is <a href="/facts/Oviparity/oSgSIVHY">oviparous</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="species">Species</h2> <p>The following species are recognized as being valid.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p><i><a href="/facts/Nota_bene/q7trSJUH">Nota bene</a></i>: A <a href="/facts/Binomial_nomenclature/jgBqAhPv">binomial authority</a> in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than <i>Atractus</i>. </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_aboiporu/ImXj2m72">Atractus aboiporu</a></i> <a href="/facts/Paulo_Roberto_Melo_Sampaio/2QANFhPy">Melo-Sampaio</a>, <a href="/facts/Paulo_Passos/XeB7ucYP">Passos</a>, <a href="/facts/Antoine_Fouquet/7qE8wqYY">Fouquet</a>, <a href="/facts/Ana_L%25C3%25BAcia_da_Costa_Prudente/95S713yb">Prudente</a> & <a href="/facts/Omar_Torres-Carvajal/LabGUEnz">Torres-Carvajal</a>, 2019</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_acheronius/sK4f5gYw">Atractus acheronius</a></i> Passos, <a href="/facts/Gilson_A._Rivas/s3JcRPzU">Rivas</a> & Barrio-Amorós, 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_akerios/xK2S3utQ">Atractus akerios</a></i> Melo‐Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, <a href="/facts/Pablo_Javier_Venegas-Ib%25C3%25A1%25C3%25B1ez/o250MFbB">Venegas</a> & Torres‐Carvajal, 2021</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_albuquerquei/4f5YGwrH">Atractus albuquerquei</a></i> <a href="/facts/Osvaldo_Rodrigues_da_Cunha/cbSB3INS">Cunha</a> & <a href="/facts/Francisco_Paiva_do_Nascimento/t2gBBNth">Nascimento</a>, 1983 – Albuquerque ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_alphonsehogei/q0hayR6X">Atractus alphonsehogei</a></i> Cunha & Nascimento, 1983 – Alphonse's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_altagratiae/haPa0lN4">Atractus altagratiae</a></i> Passos & <a href="/facts/Ronaldo_Fernandes/V9XRu7Cb">Fernandes</a>, 2008</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_alytogrammus/zjW3njEm">Atractus alytogrammus</a></i> <a href="/facts/Gunther_K%25C3%25B6hler/kC4xNJIY">G. Köhler</a> & <a href="/facts/Max_Kieckbusch/3nPL9CkS">Kieckbusch</a>, 2014</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_andinus/p7LSpBbE">Atractus andinus</a></i> <a href="/facts/Alcides_Prado/2fHBYdlB">Prado</a>, 1944 – Andean ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_apophis/3dw5fPmz">Atractus apophis</a></i> Passos & <a href="/facts/John_Douglas_Lynch/C1z7nKwC">J.D. Lynch</a>, 2010</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_arangoi/Y0u3p78a">Atractus arangoi</a></i> Prado, 1940 – brown ground snake, big ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_atlas/U6ztDFd9">Atractus atlas</a></i> Passos, <a href="/facts/Agust%25C3%25ADn_Scanferla/E7vjbgD2">Scanferla</a>, Melo-Sampaio, <a href="/facts/Jorge_Brito_M./YsJU21XF">Brito</a> & <a href="/facts/Ana_Almend%25C3%25A1riz/UggYwcCu">Almendariz</a>, 2018 – atlas ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_atratus/UyD4ksPF">Atractus atratus</a></i> Passos & J.D. Lynch, 2010</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_attenuatus/kCHFxJdS">Atractus attenuatus</a></i> <a href="/facts/Charles_William_Myers/9I5ubMSH">Myers</a> & <a href="/facts/Walter_E._Schargel/8b4yemKh">Schargel</a>, 2006</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_avernus/DCQbfeaC">Atractus avernus</a></i> Passos et al., 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_ayeush/yjK2wHrb">Atractus ayeush</a></i> <a href="/facts/Luis_Felipe_Esqueda/eyPpf7Yn">Esqueda</a>, 2011</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_badius/bIYSjGaw">Atractus badius</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Friedrich_Boie/U3AmgfCQ">F. Boie</a>, 1827) – Boie's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_biseriatus/4bkTFJXU">Atractus biseriatus</a></i> Prado, 1941 – two-lined ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_bocki/ejqM7KpM">Atractus bocki</a></i> <a href="/facts/Franz_Werner/McYp5sHS">F. Werner</a>, 1909 – <a href="/facts/Carl_Bock_(explorer)/23I5b8hm">Bock's</a> ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a>: 28 </li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_bocourti/wE7R8zRB">Atractus bocourti</a></i> <a href="/facts/George_Albert_Boulenger/s50REt6N">Boulenger</a>, 1894 – <a href="/facts/Marie_Firmin_Bocourt/RvJ4cX25">Bocourt's</a> ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a>: 29 </li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_boimirim/CBAJVAJn">Atractus boimirim</a></i> Passos, Prudente & J.D. Lynch, 2016</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_boulengerii/8ADHzoYC">Atractus boulengerii</a></i> <a href="/facts/Mario_Giacinto_Peracca/Pu1rxCoc">Peracca</a>, 1896</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_caete/K0ful5u7">Atractus caete</a></i> Passos et al., 2010</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_careolepis/UnKNqaEM">Atractus careolepis</a></i> G. Köhler & Kieckbusch, 2014</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_carrioni/5dlfsvhl">Atractus carrioni</a></i> <a href="/facts/Hampton_Wildman_Parker/VYbMxE4w">Parker</a>, 1930 – Parker's ground snake, Carrion's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_caxiuana/Ke0dxvHB">Atractus caxiuana</a></i> Prudente & <a href="/facts/Maria_Cristina_dos_Santos-Costa/wtHhHMD9">Santos-Costa</a>, 2006</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_cerberus/XXKpCzd1">Atractus cerberus</a></i> <a href="/facts/Alejandro_Arteaga/X86kIEPw">Arteaga</a> et al., 2017 – Cerberus ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_charitoae/39yANbJp">Atractus charitoae</a></i> <a href="/facts/Juan_Jos%25C3%25A9_Silva_Haad/m8wNXRn6">Silva Haad</a>, 2004</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_chthonius/c0lrRQpz">Atractus chthonius</a></i> Passos & J.D. Lynch, 2010</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_clarki/e2jSe3EK">Atractus clarki</a></i> <a href="/facts/Emmett_Reid_Dunn/SM4HPr8D">Dunn</a> & Bailey, 1939 – Clark's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_collaris/VG3Vzwyj">Atractus collaris</a></i> Peracca, 1896 – collared ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_crassicaudatus/4KDaYhW2">Atractus crassicaudatus</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Andr%25C3%25A9_Marie_Constant_Dum%25C3%25A9ril/jy5EwTst">A.M.C. Duméril</a>, <a href="/facts/Gabriel_Bibron/qDXaUMcu">Bibron</a> & <a href="/facts/Auguste_Dum%25C3%25A9ril/xVHMXMFL">A.H.A. Duméril</a>, 1854) – thickhead ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_dapsilis/SBBFc55k">Atractus dapsilis</a></i> Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Prudente & Torres-Carvajal, 2019</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_darienensis/U8tmfBTI">Atractus darienensis</a></i> Myers, 2003</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_depressiocellus/QyFTU2CH">Atractus depressiocellus</a></i> Myers, 2003</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_discovery/b8JKy8M2">Atractus discovery</a></i> Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira, & Guayasamin, 2022</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_duboisi/Uj3m17vH">Atractus duboisi</a></i> (Boulenger, 1880)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_duidensis/ynfjgEGb">Atractus duidensis</a></i> <a href="/facts/Janis_Roze/L4DCsEYL">Roze</a>, 1961 – Venezuela ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_dunni/A99GNWv6">Atractus dunni</a></i> <a href="/facts/Jay_M._Savage/hX0bJjMv">Savage</a>, 1955 – Dunn's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_echidna/qUxIng0g">Atractus echidna</a></i> Passos et al., 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_ecuadorensis/4uDK1AIk">Atractus ecuadorensis</a></i> Savage, 1955 – Ecuadorean ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_edioi/skn6NMJg">Atractus edioi</a></i> <a href="/facts/Nelson_Jorge_da_Silva_Jr./WV4RVB6o">da Silva</a> et al., 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_elaps/nQJaCJN6">Atractus elaps</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Albert_G%25C3%25BCnther/SQzexVaS">Günther</a>, 1858) – black ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_emigdioi/rKqbDl2b">Atractus emigdioi</a></i> <a href="/facts/Manuel_%25C3%2581ngel_Gonz%25C3%25A1lez-Sponga/VdnyyHAj">Gonzalez-Sponga</a>, 1971 – Emigdio's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_emmeli/l8NPEg58">Atractus emmeli</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Oskar_Boettger/jtVQqrWe">Boettger</a>, 1888) – Emmel's ground snake, Boettger's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_eriki/0tABFQ1r">Atractus eriki</a></i> Esqueda, <a href="/facts/Enrique_La_Marca/UTHSErB8">La Marca</a> & <a href="/facts/Santos_Baz%25C3%25B3/yf5JXPHA">Bazó</a>, 2007</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_erythromelas/xThMvmMW">Atractus erythromelas</a></i> Boulenger, 1903 – red-black ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_esepe/m2DDnnTP">Atractus esepe</a></i> Arteaga et al., 2017 – indistinct ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_favae/tMtuA3Rp">Atractus favae</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Filippo_de_Filippi/qaw2HWYu">de Filippi</a>, 1840) – Filippi's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_flammigerus/eYkhYg03">Atractus flammigerus</a></i> (F. Boie, 1827) – flaming ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_franciscopaivai/1RHSvbS3">Atractus franciscopaivai</a></i> Silva Haad, 2004</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_francoi/mQbbrXr3">Atractus francoi</a></i> Passos et al., 2010</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_fuliginosus/XgSHfGhj">Atractus fuliginosus</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Edward_Hallowell_(herpetologist)/N2eHJH9s">Hallowell</a>, 1845) – Hallowell's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_gaigeae/lg1npT5T">Atractus gaigeae</a></i> Savage, 1955 – Gaige's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_gigas/CWbkHr9B">Atractus gigas</a></i> Myers & Schargel, 2006 – giant ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_guentheri/qgMUK91N">Atractus guentheri</a></i> (<a href="/facts/O._E._H._Wucherer/wFuvwDF5">Wucherer</a>, 1861) – Günther's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_heliobelluomini/qa8G20IL">Atractus heliobelluomini</a></i> Silva Haad, 2004</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_heyeri/o4HXr1gG">Atractus heyeri</a></i> Esqueda & <a href="/facts/Roy_Wallace_McDiarmid/pFfItJ95">McDiarmid</a>, 2015</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_hoogmoedi/KADqcUGU">Atractus hoogmoedi</a></i> Prudente & Passos, 2010</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_hostilitractus/CTGnyVhB">Atractus hostilitractus</a></i> Myers, 2003</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_imperfectus/6I7cI53C">Atractus imperfectus</a></i> Myers, 2003</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_indistinctus/BNyh5PhA">Atractus indistinctus</a></i> Prado, 1940 – indistinct ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_insipidus/8Mpe6P9y">Atractus insipidus</a></i> Roze, 1961</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_iridescens/nwquAMUS">Atractus iridescens</a></i> <a href="/facts/Mario_Giacinto_Peracca/Pu1rxCoc">Peracca</a>, 1896 – iridescent ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_lancinii/z1o4f642">Atractus lancinii</a></i> Roze, 1961 – Lancini's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_lasallei/UDgUbCU1">Atractus lasallei</a></i> <a href="/facts/Afr%25C3%25A2nio_Pomp%25C3%25ADlio_Gastos_do_Amaral/mpPKQHnu">Amaral</a>, 1931 – Lasalle's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_latifrons/9c588Fqw">Atractus latifrons</a></i> (Günther, 1868) – broadhead ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_lehmanni/VQXwHnEE">Atractus lehmanni</a></i> Boettger, 1898 – Lehmann's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_loveridgei/haAY3Lh5">Atractus loveridgei</a></i> Amaral, 1930 – Loveridge's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_macondo/eJB3u0B7">Atractus macondo</a></i> Passos, J.D. Lynch & Fernandes, 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_maculatus/3wkVH3pm">Atractus maculatus</a></i> (Günther, 1858) – spotted ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_major/rTrIxQ2j">Atractus major</a></i> Boulenger, 1894 – brown ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_manizalesensis/mWG93cgH">Atractus manizalesensis</a></i> Prado, 1940</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_mariselae/TzbASWDd">Atractus mariselae</a></i> Lancini, 1969 – Marisela's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_marthae/lxg6BQCs">Atractus marthae</a></i> <a href="/facts/Elson_Meneses-Pelayo/Iw0jq6bc">Meneses-Pelayo</a> & Passos, 2019</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_matthewi/upbz0U2N">Atractus matthewi</a></i> <a href="/facts/Allan_L._Markezich/pQvU8uzo">Markezich</a> & Barrio-Amorós, 2004</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_medusa/nasBho0j">Atractus medusa</a></i> Passos et al., 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_melanogaster/YNEDESmA">Atractus melanogaster</a></i> <a href="/facts/Franz_Werner/McYp5sHS">F. Werner</a>, 1916 – blackbelly ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_melas/jA1lgj5Y">Atractus melas</a></i> Boulenger, 1908 – dark ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_meridensis/M8IGMGBT">Atractus meridensis</a></i> Esqueda & La Marca, 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_michaelsabini/DkhxxKPD">Atractus michaelsabini</a></i> Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira, & Guayasamin, 2022</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_micheleae/TXbylK1z">Atractus micheleae</a></i> Esqueda & La Marca, 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_microrhynchus/ra69b5bN">Atractus microrhynchus</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Edward_Drinker_Cope/Wup4Ic7k">Cope</a>, 1868)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_mijaresi/q6L1oJcH">Atractus mijaresi</a></i> Esqueda & La Marca, 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_modestus/5Hqwuoha">Atractus modestus</a></i> Boulenger, 1894 – modest ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_multicinctus/GRSTqbqB">Atractus multicinctus</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Giorgio_Jan/vg7f8B3J">Jan</a>, 1865) – banded ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_multidentatus/WNzhdEDp">Atractus multidentatus</a></i> Passos, Rivas & Barrio-Amorós, 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_nasutus/kSf3RmST">Atractus nasutus</a></i> Passos, Fernandes & J.D. Lynch, 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_natans/84wMkywz">Atractus natans</a></i> Hoogmoed & Prudente, 2003</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_nawa/5VGt24hG">Atractus nawa</a></i> Melo‐Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres‐Carvajal, 2021</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_nicefori/MpuADqYJ">Atractus nicefori</a></i> Amaral, 1930 – northern ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_nigricauda/AmHT8sFw">Atractus nigricauda</a></i> <a href="/facts/Karl_Patterson_Schmidt/rGtnFGJc">Schmidt</a> & <a href="/facts/Warren_F._Walker/8XpJ3T22">Walker</a>, 1943 – black-headed ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_nigriventris/PpBAEW3o">Atractus nigriventris</a></i> Amaral, 1933 – black-ventered ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_obesus/7dtGG6ao">Atractus obesus</a></i> <a href="/facts/Hymen_Marx/3VbyUTaY">Marx</a>, 1960 – fat ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_obtusirostris/EeMIenfW">Atractus obtusirostris</a></i> F. Werner, 1916 – bignose ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_occidentalis/SoKvyFaa">Atractus occidentalis</a></i> Savage, 1955 – western ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_occipitoalbus/ggj6V1BA">Atractus occipitoalbus</a></i> (Jan, 1862) – gray ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_ochrosetrus/51BRzb4B">Atractus ochrosetrus</a></i> Esqueda & La Marca, 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_oculotemporalis/LdmxlPnm">Atractus oculotemporalis</a></i> Amaral, 1932 – Hispanic ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_orcesi/nJI91NSJ">Atractus orcesi</a></i> Savage, 1955</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_pachacamac/R3mbyzjj">Atractus pachacamac</a></i> Melo‐Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres‐Carvajal, 2021</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_paisa/FL02E3hM">Atractus paisa</a></i> Passos, Fernandes & J.D. Lynch, 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_pamplonensis/FDLrQ6TC">Atractus pamplonensis</a></i> Amaral, 1937 – Pamplona ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_pantostictus/hg3nNYmA">Atractus pantostictus</a></i> Fernandes & <a href="/facts/Giuseppe_Puorto/P31jGRnW">Puorto</a>, 1993</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_paraguayensis/4heXJvw7">Atractus paraguayensis</a></i> F. Werner, 1924</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_paucidens/rzsdn94s">Atractus paucidens</a></i> <a href="/facts/Raymond_Justin_Marie_Despax/XDryKyh7">Despax</a>, 1910 – Despax's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_pauciscutatus/lXxbgNIP">Atractus pauciscutatus</a></i> Schmidt & Walker, 1943 – little-scaled ground snake</li> <li><i>Atractus paulus</i> Melo-Sampaio & Venegas, 2023</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_peruvianus/dSIoVSN9">Atractus peruvianus</a></i> (Jan, 1862) – Peru ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_poeppigi/8lGcYbM8">Atractus poeppigi</a></i> (Jan, 1862) – basin ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_potschi/zzUsXbhA">Atractus potschi</a></i> Fernandes, 1995</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_punctiventris/jV9Tu74x">Atractus punctiventris</a></i> Amaral, 1933 – pointed ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_resplendens/9cVklQwf">Atractus resplendens</a></i> F. Werner, 1901 – resplendent ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_reticulatus/2zXkSFHu">Atractus reticulatus</a></i> (Boulenger, 1885) – reticulate ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_riveroi/nTUu7fLM">Atractus riveroi</a></i> Roze, 1961 – <a href="/facts/Juan_A._Rivero/K3b6UWaU">Rivero's</a> ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a>: 222 </li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_ronnie/vTwgGUd1">Atractus ronnie</a></i> Passos, Fernandes & <a href="/facts/Diva_Maria_Borges-Nojosa/jE9tReSl">Borges-Nojosa</a>, 2007</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_roulei/gTJnBtdd">Atractus roulei</a></i> Despax, 1910 – <a href="/facts/Louis_Roule/bvU6jI2v">Roule's</a> ground snake<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a>: 227 </li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_sanctaemartae/UtpAxMBs">Atractus sanctaemartae</a></i> Dunn, 1946 – St. Marta's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_sanguineus/PW31HyoI">Atractus sanguineus</a></i> Prado, 1944 – bloody ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_savagei/kVHhADSD">Atractus savagei</a></i> <a href="/facts/David_Salazar-Valenzuela/rQhuFzsf">Salazar-Valenzuela</a>, Torres-Carvajal & Passos, 2014 – Savage’s ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_schach/SmeqRA9w">Atractus schach</a></i> (F. Boie, 1827) – Schach's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_serranus/qpRFPzWt">Atractus serranus</a></i> Amaral, 1930 – Sao Paulo ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_snethlageae/Xw4vlcCh">Atractus snethlageae</a></i> Cunha & Nascimento, 1983</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_spinalis/c7MsmQuQ">Atractus spinalis</a></i> Passos et al., 2013</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_steyermarki/Xf7rvnYC">Atractus steyermarki</a></i> Roze, 1958</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_stygius/JtGo9uAL">Atractus stygius</a></i> Passos, <a href="/facts/Josu%25C3%25A9_Anderson_R%25C3%25AAgo_Azevedo/XwVeMPpA">Azevedo</a>, <a href="/facts/Cristiano_de_Campos_Nogueira/372X7Xp1">Nogueira</a>, Fernandes & <a href="/facts/Ricardo_Jannini_Sawaya/VBy0J9Cz">Sawaya</a>, 2019</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_surucucu/DPb5wqwF">Atractus surucucu</a></i> Prudente, 2008</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_tamaensis/yLtlM0VJ">Atractus tamaensis</a></i> Esqueda & La Marca, 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_tamessari/UxXT4jUY">Atractus tamessari</a></i> Kok, 2006</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_taphorni/3n2G1Ih0">Atractus taphorni</a></i> Schargel & <a href="/facts/Juan_El%25C3%25ADas_Garc%25C3%25ADa-P%25C3%25A9rez/dFBuhTft">García-Pérez</a>, 2002</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_tartarus/oP3pK5xF">Atractus tartarus</a></i> Passos, Prudente & J.D. Lynch, 2016</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_thalesdelemai/DXkat6mu">Atractus thalesdelemai</a></i> Passos, Fernandes & <a href="/facts/Noeli_Zanella/QNM5wHIn">Zanella</a>, 2005</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_titanicus/q2pNP0cS">Atractus titanicus</a></i> Passos, Fernandes & J.D. Lynch, 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_torquatus/U69p2uof">Atractus torquatus</a></i> (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) – neckband ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_touzeti/rBEIdv4w">Atractus touzeti</a></i> Schargel et al., 2013</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_trefauti/BAjXGovr">Atractus trefauti</a></i> Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Prudente & Torres-Carvajal, 2019</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_trihedrurus/7lMmPPo1">Atractus trihedrurus</a></i> Amaral, 1926 – southern ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_trilineatus/0tnlSSsy">Atractus trilineatus</a></i> <a href="/facts/Johann_Georg_Wagler/7K0MXbq8">Wagler</a>, 1828 – three-lined ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_trivittatus/xmw8GFmg">Atractus trivittatus</a></i> Amaral, 1933 – three-banded ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_turikensis/KCsbSYv0">Atractus turikensis</a></i> <a href="/facts/Tito_R._Barros/BFtautu1">Barros</a>, 2000</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_typhon/pv24IkXQ">Atractus typhon</a></i> Passos et al., 2009</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_ukupacha/tHokkUr9">Atractus ukupacha</a></i> Melo‐Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres‐Carvajal, 2021</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_variegatus/WVz7oHdn">Atractus variegatus</a></i> Prado, 1942 – variegated ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_ventrimaculatus/uBFUR6eM">Atractus ventrimaculatus</a></i> Boulenger, 1905 – speckled ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_vertebralis/z1QbHKfF">Atractus vertebralis</a></i> Boulenger, 1904 – vertebral ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_vertebrolineatus/TXBKguT1">Atractus vertebrolineatus</a></i> Prado, 1941 – striped ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_vittatus/KNzsLPbq">Atractus vittatus</a></i> Boulenger, 1894</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_wagleri/arAqDUBY">Atractus wagleri</a></i> Prado, 1945 – Wagler's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_werneri/HwQs3Mua">Atractus werneri</a></i> Peracca, 1914 – Werner's ground snake</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_zebrinus/J31JEnWa">Atractus zebrinus</a></i> (Jan, 1862)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_zgap/p3MKhqKS">Atractus zgap</a></i> Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira, & Guayasamin, 2022</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Atractus_zidoki/KpxXGcEY">Atractus zidoki</a></i> <a href="/facts/Jean-Pierre_Gasc/VyytW4Px">Gasc</a> & <a href="/facts/Miguel_Trefaut_Rodrigues/dBkRmltt">Rodriques</a>, 1979 – Zidok's ground snake</li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Freiberg M [es] (1982). <i>Snakes of South America</i>. Hong Kong: T.F.H. Publications. 189 pp. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-87666-912-7. (Genus <i>Atractus</i>, pp. 89–92).</li> <li><a href="/facts/Paulo_Passos/XeB7ucYP">Passos P</a>, <a href="/facts/Ronaldo_Fernandes/V9XRu7Cb">Fernandes R</a>, <a href="/facts/Renato_Silveira_B%25C3%25A9rnils/admmS5zf">Bérnils RS</a>, <a href="/facts/J%25C3%25BAlio_C%25C3%25A9sar_de_Moura-Leite/39odfvpx">Moura-Leite JC de</a> (2010). "Taxonomic revision of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest <i>Atractus</i> (Reptilia: Serpentes: Dipdadidae)". <i>Zootaxa</i> 2364: 1-63.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Johann_Georg_Wagler/7K0MXbq8">Wagler [JG]</a> (1828). "<i>Auszüge aus seinem</i> [sic] <i>Systema Amphibiorum</i>". <i>Isis von Oken</i> 21: 740-744. (<i>Atractus</i>, new genus, pp. 741–742). (in German and Latin).</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Köhler, G; Kieckbusch, M (2014). "Two new species of Atractus from Colombia (Reptilia, Squamata, Dipsadidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3872 (3): 291–300. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.5. PMID 25544086. <a href="/wiki/Gunther_K%C3%B6hler" target="_blank">/wiki/Gunther_K%C3%B6hler</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Boulenger, GA (1894). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). pp. xi + 382 pp. + Plates I-XX. <a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Boulenger" target="_blank">/wiki/George_Albert_Boulenger</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Boulenger, GA (1894). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). pp. xi + 382 pp. + Plates I-XX. <a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Boulenger" target="_blank">/wiki/George_Albert_Boulenger</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Genus Atractus at The Reptile Database <a href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Atractus&exact=genus&submit=Search" target="_blank">http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Atractus&exact=genus&submit=Search</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Genus Atractus at The Reptile Database <a href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Atractus&exact=genus&submit=Search" target="_blank">http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Atractus&exact=genus&submit=Search</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Costa GC (2010). "Atractus albuquerquei ". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T176349A7223432. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T176349A7223432.en. <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Correia_Costa" target="_blank">/wiki/Gabriel_Correia_Costa</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Arredondo, J.C.; Daza, J.; Gutierrez, P. (2015). "Atractus biseriatus ". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T176350A44948201. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T176350A44948201.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021. <a href="/wiki/Juan_Camilo_Arredondo" target="_blank">/wiki/Juan_Camilo_Arredondo</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. <a href="978-1-4214-0135-5" target="_blank">978-1-4214-0135-5</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Aguilar, C.; Ines Hladki, A.; Lehr, E.; Ramírez Pinilla, M.; Urbina, N. (2016). "Atractus bocourti ". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T176351A44878165. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T176351A44878165.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021. <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Augusto_Aguilar_Puntriano" target="_blank">/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Augusto_Aguilar_Puntriano</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. <a href="978-1-4214-0135-5" target="_blank">978-1-4214-0135-5</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Arteaga A, Mebert K, Valencia JH, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Peñafiel N, Reyes-Puig C, Vieira-Fernandes JL, Guayasamin JM (2017). "Molecular Phylogeny of Atractus (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with emphasis on Ecuadorian species and the description of three new taxa". Zookeys 661: 91-123. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=11224 <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Arteaga" target="_blank">/wiki/Alejandro_Arteaga</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Arteaga A, Mebert K, Valencia JH, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Peñafiel N, Reyes-Puig C, Vieira-Fernandes JL, Guayasamin JM (2017). "Molecular Phylogeny of Atractus (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with emphasis on Ecuadorian species and the description of three new taxa". Zookeys 661: 91-123. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=11224 <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Arteaga" target="_blank">/wiki/Alejandro_Arteaga</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. <a href="978-1-4214-0135-5" target="_blank">978-1-4214-0135-5</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. <a href="978-1-4214-0135-5" target="_blank">978-1-4214-0135-5</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>