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Custom Denning
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <h3>Cycle Components Manufacturing Company</h3> <p>In 1935, Stanley Hillsdon founded Cycle Components Manufacturing Company (CCMC) in <a href="/facts/Guildford%2c_New_South_Wales/AK9x1L8A">Guildford</a>, having been involved in manufacture of bicycles since 1911. In 1946 the company won the contract to manufacture reversible seats for <a href="/facts/Sydney/8TegRcwB">Sydney</a>'s <a href="/facts/Trams_in_Sydney/geWMkVnn">tram system</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p><p>In 1955, CCMC successfully tendered to body 125 single deck <a href="/facts/Leyland_Royal_Tiger_Worldmaster/XyQ31k3f">Leyland Royal Tiger Worldmaster</a> buses for the NSW Department of Government Transport.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> In May 1956, Jack Violet, Hillsdon's nephew by marriage, was employed as Bus Divisional Manager to oversee operations. In April 1958, CCMC bodied their first bus for a private operator, a <a href="/facts/Leyland_Comet/dt00L5tP">Leyland Comet</a> for <a href="/facts/Busways_(New_South_Wales)/FXo2wjpQ">Rowes Bus Service</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>Apart from six <a href="/facts/MAN_SL200/nz8FtdRT">MAN SL200</a> and SG192s bodied for <a href="/facts/ACTION/UzK15Ev9">ACTION</a> in 1982/82 as part of a contracted included when <a href="/facts/Smithfield_Bus_%2526_Coach_Works/xIq8t4pm">Smithfield Bus & Coach Works</a> was purchased<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> and 19 <a href="/facts/Scania_AB/GooUkEzI">Scania</a> K112TR coaches bodied for the <a href="/facts/State_Rail_Authority/6QDHp9R1">State Rail Authority</a> in 1985/86,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> CCMC built bodies exclusively for private operators after the completion of the Leyland Worldmaster contract for the next 37 years.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h3>Custom Coaches Manufacturing Company</h3> <p>In 1962, control of CCMC passed from Hillsdon to Violet.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> At some point, the business was renamed Custom Coaches Manufacturing Company, upon the suggestion of Kathleen Metcalfe, sister-in-law of Violet and niece of Hillsdon and wife of Ray Metcalfe, another employee, in order to maintain the CCMC initials. In May 1981, the Smithfield Bus & Coach Works business was purchased from the Bosnjak family.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> Custom Coaches concentrated on bodying buses for the private sector. In 1967, CCMC entered into an agreement with <a href="/facts/Melbourne/EHY9YxI0">Melbourne</a> bodybuilder WA Newnham & Sons for CCMC to provide frames and other components.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> CCMC also supplied components to <a href="/facts/Brisbane/DdUE1VPW">Brisbane</a> bodybuilder Watt Brothers in the 1960s<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Perth/63YUr99S">Perth</a>'s Howard Porter in the 1970s.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>In 1988, CCMC purchased WA Newnham & Sons with the business renamed Newnham Custom.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> In 1995, a plant was opened at <a href="/facts/Arundel%2c_Queensland/Uk3JBIYw">Arundel</a> on the <a href="/facts/Gold_Coast%2c_Queensland/qhjlNABH">Gold Coast</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> Newnham Custom closed in 2001 with production transferred to Adelaide.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p><p>In 1997, <a href="/facts/Mercedes-Benz_buses/8lEADHHs">Mercedes-Benz</a>, along with Custom Coaches as a sub-contractor, was awarded a contract by the <a href="/facts/Government_of_New_South_Wales/vFdjDVgJ">Government of New South Wales</a> to supply 300 ultra low floor <a href="/facts/Compressed_natural_gas/tMsYjxMK">CNG</a>-powered uses for the <a href="/facts/State_Transit_Authority/9XaxfhW1">State Transit Authority</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> As a result, in 1998, Custom Coaches began bodying the new buses for State Transit after a break of over 37 years.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> The bodies became known as the Custom Coaches' Citaro bodies, assembled on the Mercedes-Benz <a href="/facts/Mercedes-Benz_O405/CgdrfwV5">O405NH</a> CNG chassis. Custom Coaches continued to body buses for State Transit beyond the Mercedes-Benz contract, and by April 2013, over 1,280 had been bodied for the government operator.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> </p><p>In 2000, Australian Bus Manufacturing (ABM) in <a href="/facts/Adelaide/H2Ilhpbt">Adelaide</a> was purchased.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> It had been formed in 1999 when a consortium of CCMC, Jim Bosnjak and <a href="/facts/John_Hewson/8qyvDdjm">John Hewson</a> purchased the <a href="/facts/Pressed_Metal_Corporation_South_Australia/3KXBzIL8">PMC Australia</a> business following the collapse of <a href="/facts/Clifford_Corporation/Td0RIpJo">Clifford Corporation</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> Australian Bus Manufacturing was rebranded as Custom Coaches in 2004.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> </p><p>In late 2001, Custom Care was established as a bus refurbishment operation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> </p><p>In 2002, Mark Burgess, a great-nephew of Hillsdon by marriage, became CEO of the company.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> He, his brother Paul and a long-term business partner, Chris Absalom, completed the purchase of the business from Jack Violet in 2005.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p><p>In July 2008, New South Wales bus operator <a href="/facts/ComfortDelGro_Cabcharge/PdnEEgD5">ComfortDelGro Cabcharge</a> (CDC) planned to venture into the bus building industry, and entered a memorandum of understanding to acquire Custom Coaches.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> In late August that year, CDC announced it would not proceed with the planned acquisition of Custom Coaches. Cabcharge stated that "given the <a href="/facts/2008_financial_crisis/qw8n1pSN">current world economic situation</a>", CDC decided they "should not proceed with this (bus building) business in Australia", and they would "focus on their core operations". To demonstrate their "confidence in Custom Coaches", CDC placed a significant number of new orders with Custom Coaches.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> </p><p>In 2008, production exceeded 400 buses per year, and by 2009 the total number of buses bodied had exceeded 15,000.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a> In May 2010, the Sydney plant moved to new premises in <a href="/facts/Villawood%2c_New_South_Wales/AT0qn7e0">Villawood</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> and in June 2012 the company was purchased by British bus manufacturer <a href="/facts/Alexander_Dennis/B9by1VJw">Alexander Dennis</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> Custom Coaches was placed in <a href="/facts/Australian_insolvency_law/lgY3qY42">administration</a> in May 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> On 15 August 2014, the business was purchased back by Mark Burgess and Allegro Funds and the company was renamed Custom Bus.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/Royal_Park%2c_South_Australia/zDF5GGmx">Royal Park, South Australia</a> plant closed down in September 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> </p> <h3>Dunn ownership</h3> <p>In February 2018, Custom Bus was again placed in administration, resulting in the sacking of 122 staff.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> The following month, <a href="/facts/Yourbus/0tbgvYgC">Dunn Group</a> purchased Custom Bus, and in May 2018, relocated its factory to <a href="/facts/St_Marys%2c_New_South_Wales/EtkGtUIW">St Marys</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> A year later, in June 2019, Custom Bus completed its 100th bus under Dunn ownership.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a> In September 2019, Custom Bus acquired <a href="/facts/Denning_Manufacturing/Wg9zTabE">Denning Manufacturing</a>, but the latter's branding and operations will be retained.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a> </p><p>In February 2021, they announced the production of their first electric bus under the Custom Denning brand, the Element, which is now in production.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="products">Products</h2> <p>Source:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a> </p> <h3>CB20/CB30</h3> <p>The Custom CB20 was similar in design to a minivan, paired exclusively with the <a href="/facts/Mercedes-Benz_Vario/BoJjPBoP">Mercedes-Benz 815DL</a> chassis. <a href="/facts/Busabout_Sydney/MWCo0CpE">Busabout</a> had two examples in its fleet, but are now withdrawn.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> </p><p>The Custom CB30 was available as both an 11m midibus and a 12.5m full sized bus. <a href="/facts/ComfortDelGro_Australia/PdnEEgD5">CDC NSW</a> has a sizeable fleet of <a href="/facts/MAN_Truck_%2526_Bus/cqFLDQD7">MAN 12.220</a> midibuses with CB30 bodywork<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a> while Transdev Melbourne had many full size CB30s with MAN chassis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> </p><p>The CB20 and CB30 ceased production around 2007 with no replacement vehicles provided. </p> <h3>CB50</h3> <p>The Custom CB50 was in production from 1999-2006, replacing the Custom CB30 and the Custom Coaches 550 and being succeeded by the Custom CB60. </p><p>There were two variants, the high floor CB50 ordered in small numbers by several operators and the low floor CB50HCL which was more popular, with <a href="/facts/Premier_Transport_Group/aY88U4jc">Premier Motor Service</a> ordering 10 on <a href="/facts/Volvo/JUFSUUYD">Volvo</a> <a href="/facts/Volvo_B7RLE/PdFjkFXh">B7RLE</a> chassis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a> The CB50HCL had a window line similar to the <a href="/facts/BusTech/LeGdVsKM">Bustech VST</a>. </p> <h3>CB60</h3> <h4>Early versions</h4> <p> The CB60 was produced between 1999 and 2009, succeeding the Custom Coaches 550 and being replaced by the CB80. Some of the first CB60s were produced by ABM in 1999 for <a href="/facts/Torrens_Transit/YRaktYH1">Torrens Transit</a> on MAN NL202 chassis, followed by many other examples. ABM produced many variants, the ABM CB62A was a CB60 with modified rear with Mercedes-Benz Citaro headlights and a modified front destination board mounting. The ABM CB64A was similar but with the CB60 headlights while the ABM CB60A was similar to the standard CB60.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a></p> <p>Custom Coaches modified the CB60 in a similar way to the ABM CB62A for <a href="/facts/State_Transit_Authority/9XaxfhW1">State Transit Authority</a> in 1999 for their Custom Citaro vehicles (on <a href="/facts/Mercedes-Benz/pGrJrQHC">Mercedes</a> <a href="/facts/Mercedes-Benz_O405/CgdrfwV5">O405NH</a> CNG chassis), but with the standard CB60 rear.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a> </p><p>The Custom CB60 Combo was introduced after Custom Coaches dropped the ABM branding. It is the same as the ABM CB64A, but only found in articulated form.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a> State Transit also bought a large number of CB60 bodied <a href="/facts/Volvo_B12BLE/wnmWNe9N">Volvo B12BLE</a> vehicles, including several articulated vehicles.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a> </p><p>The Custom CB60 CMAX was released in 2004-2007 to Ventura in Melbourne (before Transdev) with Scania L94UB chassis, and to <a href="/facts/Busways/FXo2wjpQ">Busways Western Sydney</a> on <a href="/facts/Scania_AB/GooUkEzI">Scania</a> <a href="/facts/Scania_K_series/1bDjAuwk">K230UB</a> Euro 3 chassis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a> </p><p>The original CB60 ended production around 2008. </p> <h4>Evo II</h4> <p>The CB60 Evo II was introduced in 2005 for State Transit on Volvo B12BLE Euro 5 chassis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> The Evo II featured weight reductions compared to the original CB60 as well as new headlight styling, a slightly modified rear and minor interior changes. The CB60 Evo II is slightly taller than the original CB60. </p><p>With the introduction of the Custom CB80, the CB60 Evo II ceased production in 2009, being one of Custom's most popular bodies. </p> <h3>CB80</h3> <p>The Custom CB80 was first revealed to the public in 2009 as a demonstrator vehicle on Mercedes O500LE chassis, which visited various depots. It was supplied by Mercedes to State Transit as a replacement unit after a Mercedes O500LE CNG Custom Coaches CB60 Evo II was destroyed by fire near Hillsdale. The first batch Custom CB80 was delivered to Ventura (now Kinetic) in 2010 with MAN 18.310 and 18.320 chassis respectively on the smart bus routes. Following privatisation, the demonstrator is now M/O 4878 with <a href="/facts/Transdev_John_Holland/pSnJVBSI">Transdev John Holland Buses</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> </p><p>State Transit was the first operator to order the CB80, a batch of 100 on Scania K280UB chassis were delivered in 2011. All vehicles are dual door and in Transport for NSW livery.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> </p><p>The CB80 was designed using 3D modelling. It is still Custom's lightest bus body and has lightweight plastic ducting. Composite materials are used extensively in the bus. It also has several innovative features such as the wireless stop bells, front wheel hump design to maximise seating space and the positioning of the rear engine grilles to maximise advertising space.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a> </p> <h4>Series 2</h4> <p>The CB80 Series 2 brought a range of improvements to the original CB80. It came with LED destination displays by default, had improved stop bells (the ones on the original CB80 were notorious for malfunctioning) and other minor differences. </p><p> The first CB80 Series 2 vehicles were delivered to State Transit in 2017 on <a href="/facts/Volvo_B7RLE/PdFjkFXh">Volvo B7RLE</a> Euro 5 chassis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></p><p>The CB80 Series 2 ceased production in 2019, being replaced by the Custom Endeavour. The final CB80 was 3120 ST, a <a href="/facts/Volvo_B8RLE/bhnnkFTu">Volvo B8RLE</a> Custom CB80 for State Transit built in April 2020. </p><h3>Element</h3> <p>The Custom Denning Element is an electric bus that can travel up to 500 kilometres, a typical range from a full charge and can seat up to 45 passengers. It features high-tech battery with powerful LED lights and driver assistance technologies and with lightweight engineered frame. It has a fully low-floor design, common in buses made for the European market.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> It is a <a href="/facts/Transport_for_NSW/z24Loo1j">Transport for NSW</a> Panel 3 approved bus and is manufactured in St Marys.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a> </p><p>Following trials, the first 6 Elements entered service with <a href="/facts/Busways/FXo2wjpQ">Busways</a> in late 2021, operating around <a href="/facts/Penrith%2c_New_South_Wales/QBc3BwUv">Penrith</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/State_Transit_Authority/9XaxfhW1">State Transit Authority</a> then placed an order for 10 vehicles to be delivered from December 2021 to March 2022 out of <a href="/facts/Waverley_Bus_Depot/9K3CkF2L">Waverley Bus Depot</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a> </p><p>Transport for NSW placed an order for 79 vehicles in 2022, which would operate under <a href="/facts/Transit_Systems_NSW/TwUrF3Bu">Transit Systems</a> in Sydney's <a href="/facts/Inner_West/RVceTtNP">Inner West</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a> The first Elements to operate outside of NSW entered service with Donric & Sunbury Bus Service rolled out in mid-2022, with a demonstration model already operating for it.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a> Custom Denning launched the Element electric bus in the United Kingdom, with <a href="/facts/Diamond_East_Midlands/cc3vW9TI">Diamond East Midlands</a> ordering six vehicles for use around <a href="/facts/Burton_upon_Trent/d9Xrc82Q">Burton upon Trent</a> in March 2024.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a>. The company also plans to build a left-hand drive model for continental European countries like France and Denmark, and possibly launch the Element model in North America.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a> </p><p>Custom Denning is also planning a hydrogen fuel-cell powered variant, dubbed the Element H2.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Custom Coaches buses. <ul><li><a href="http://www.busaustralia.com/gallery/thumbnails.php?album=2">Bus Australia gallery</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>A Family Business Of Nephews Custom Coaches 13 October 2011 <a href="http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/" target="_blank">http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>A Family Business Of Nephews Custom Coaches 13 October 2011 <a href="http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/" target="_blank">http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Travers, Greg (1982). From City to Suburb a fifty year journey. Sydney: Historic Commercial Vehicle Association. p. 113. ISBN 0-959601-62-7. <a href="0-959601-62-7" target="_blank">0-959601-62-7</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Fleetline August 1988 issue 157 page 195 <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>ACTION Fleet – Disposals Summary ACT Bus Wiki <a href="http://www.actbus.net/fleetwiki/index.php?title=ACTION_Fleet_-_Disposals_Summary" target="_blank">http://www.actbus.net/fleetwiki/index.php?title=ACTION_Fleet_-_Disposals_Summary</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"State Rail Orders More Coaches" Railway Digest August 1985 page 234 <a href="/wiki/Railway_Digest" target="_blank">/wiki/Railway_Digest</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"State Rail Coach Services – The Vehicles" Australian Bus Panorama issue 9/3 October 1993 page 13 <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Bus Fleet" Australian Bus Panorama April 1999 issue 14/5 page 44 <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>A Family Business Of Nephews Custom Coaches 13 October 2011 <a href="http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/" target="_blank">http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"The Complete And Utter History of Smithfield" Australian Bus Panorama Vol 16 Special page 10 <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Industry News" Australian Bus Panorama March 1989 issue 4/5 page 9 <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Travers, Greg (1979). The Australian Private Bus. Sydney: Historic Commercial Vehicle Association. p. 67. ISBN 0-959601-61-9. <a href="0-959601-61-9" target="_blank">0-959601-61-9</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>m/o 8093 Bus Australia Photo Gallery <a href="http://www.busaustralia.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-6958" target="_blank">http://www.busaustralia.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-6958</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"What is this thing called gen?" Australian Bus Panorama 6/2 1990 page 7 <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"Industry News" Australian Bus Panorama March 1989 issue 4/5 page 9 <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>A Family Business Of Nephews Custom Coaches 13 October 2011 <a href="http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/" target="_blank">http://customcoaches.com.au/a-family-business-of-nephews/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"New Custom Coaches Plant" Australian Bus Panorama June 1996 issue 11/9 page 28 <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"Newnham to Close" Australian Bus Panorama July 2001 issue 17/1 <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Customs launches supersite Archived 16 June 2013 at archive.today Australasian Bus & Coach <a href="http://www.busnews.com.au/news/articleid/63467.aspx" target="_blank">http://www.busnews.com.au/news/articleid/63467.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"New Ultra Low Floor CNG Buses". State Transit. NSW Minister for Transport Brian Langton. 14 January 1997. 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