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Whyte notation
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<h2 id="structure-of-the-system">Structure of the system</h2> <h3>Basic form</h3> <p>The notation in its basic form counts the number of <a href="/facts/Leading_wheels/d7H3lbXz">leading wheels</a>, then the number of <a href="/facts/Driving_wheels/9wTdcnDf">driving wheels</a>, and finally the number of <a href="/facts/Trailing_wheels/NvWezjQg">trailing wheels</a>, numbers being separated by dashes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> For example, a locomotive with two leading axles (four wheels) in front, then three driving axles (six wheels) and then one trailing axle (two wheels) is classified as a <a href="/facts/4-6-2/AR3FJSbe">4-6-2</a> locomotive, and is commonly known as a <i>Pacific</i>. </p> <h3>Denotion of other locomotives</h3> <h3>Articulated locomotives</h3> <p>For <a href="/facts/Articulated_locomotives/GPCjndy2">articulated locomotives</a> that have two wheelsets, such as <a href="/facts/Garratt_locomotive/YBAb7pNk">Garratts</a>, which are effectively two locomotives joined by a common <a href="/facts/Boiler/uPqTq0I6">boiler</a>, each wheelset is denoted separately, with a plus sign (+) between them. Thus a 4-6-2-type Garratt is a <a href="/facts/4-6-2%252B2-6-4/LYVNyFGf">4-6-2+2-6-4</a>. For Garratt locomotives, the plus sign is used even when there are no intermediate unpowered wheels, e.g. the <a href="/facts/LMS_Garratt/HBwHnjua">LMS Garratt</a> <a href="/facts/2-6-0%252B0-6-2/ygQk3abj">2-6-0+0-6-2</a>. This is because the two engine units are more than just <a href="/facts/Power_bogie/Q5060jts">power bogies</a>. They are complete engines, carrying fuel and water tanks. The plus sign represents the bridge (carrying the boiler) that links the two engines. </p><p>Simpler articulated types, such as <a href="/facts/Mallet_locomotive/XcpUhq2a">Mallets</a>, have a jointed frame under a common boiler where there are no unpowered wheels between the sets of powered wheels. Typically, the forward frame is free to swing, whereas the rear frame is rigid with the boiler. Thus, a <a href="/facts/Union_Pacific_Big_Boy/64Jdqsv2">Union Pacific Big Boy</a> is a <a href="/facts/4-8-8-4/8ANyxvka">4-8-8-4</a>: four leading wheels, one group of eight driving wheels, another group of eight driving wheels, and then four trailing wheels. Sometimes articulated locomotives of this type are denoted with a “+” between each driving wheels set (so in the previous case, the Big Boy would be a 4-8+8-4). This may have been developed to distinguish articulated and duplex arrangements; duplex arrangements would get a “-“ being rigid and articulated locomotives would get a “+” being flexible. However, given all the wheel arrangements for duplex locomotives have been mutually exclusive to them, it is usually considered unnecessary and thus another “-“ is usually used. </p><p><a href="/facts/Triplex_locomotive/nxIy9qyV">Triplex locomotives</a>, and any theoretical larger ones, simply expand on basic articulated locomotives, for example, <a href="/facts/2-8-8-8-2/nxIy9qyV">2-8-8-8-2</a>. In the case of the Belgian <a href="/facts/Quadruplex_locomotive/eXX49rdI">quadruplex locomotive</a>, the arrangement is listed as 0-6-2+2-4-2-4-2+2-6-0.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h3>Duplex locomotives</h3> <p>For <a href="/facts/Duplex_locomotive/7wKcPP8I">duplex locomotives</a>, which have two sets of coupled driving wheels mounted rigidly on the same frame, the same method is used as for <a href="/facts/Mallet_(locomotive)/XcpUhq2a">Mallet</a> articulated locomotives – the number of leading wheels is placed first, followed by the leading set of driving wheels, followed by the trailing set of driving wheels, followed by the trailing wheels, each number being separated by a hyphen. </p> <h3>Tank locomotives</h3> <p>A number of standard suffixes can be used to extend the Whyte notation for <a href="/facts/Tank_locomotives/vv8ozTgy">tank locomotives</a>:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Suffix</th><th>Meaning</th><th>Example</th></tr><tr><td>[No Suffix]</td><td><a href="/facts/Tender_locomotive/Ac5Fyp7Y">Tender locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a></td></tr><tr><td>T</td><td><a href="/facts/Tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-2/2nwVPR6e">0-6-2</a><a href="/facts/Side_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">T</a></td></tr><tr><td>ST</td><td><a href="/facts/Saddle_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Saddle tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Saddle_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">ST</a></td></tr><tr><td>WT</td><td><a href="/facts/Well_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Well tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Well_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">WT</a></td></tr><tr><td>PT</td><td><a href="/facts/Pannier_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Pannier tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a><a href="/facts/Pannier_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">PT</a></td></tr><tr><td>C or CT</td><td><a href="/facts/Crane_tank_locomotive/76jzq2Vo">Crane tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-2/2nwVPR6e">0-6-2</a><a href="/facts/Crane_tank_locomotive/76jzq2Vo">CT</a></td></tr><tr><td>IST</td><td><a href="/facts/Inverted_saddle_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Inverted saddle tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-2/Pt8v0me3">0-4-2</a><a href="/facts/Inverted_saddle_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">IST</a></td></tr><tr><td>T+T (or ST+T, WT+T, etc.)</td><td><a href="/facts/Tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Tender-tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Side_tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">T</a>+<a href="/facts/Tender_(rail)/Ac5Fyp7Y">T</a></td></tr><tr><td>WT</td><td><a href="/facts/Tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Wing tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">WT</a></td></tr><tr><td>RT</td><td><a href="/facts/Tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">Rear tank locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-4T/sANnBpbA">0-4-4</a><a href="/facts/Tank_locomotive/vv8ozTgy">RT</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Other steam locomotives</h3> <p>Various other types of steam locomotive can be also denoted through suffixes:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><td colspan="2">VB or VBT</td><td><a href="/facts/Vertical_boilered_locomotive/7EKxToSg">Vertical boilered locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a><a href="/facts/Vertical_boilered_locomotive/7EKxToSg">VB</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">F</td><td><a href="/facts/Fireless_locomotive/nyJUmyEz">Fireless locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a><a href="/facts/Fireless_locomotive/nyJUmyEz">F</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">CA</td><td><a href="/facts/Compressed_air_locomotive/nyJUmyEz">Compressed air locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a><a href="/facts/Compressed-air_locomotive/nyJUmyEz">CA</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">R</td><td><a href="/facts/Railcar/8WCtLGNc">Railcar</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-4-0/wwLAWqaR">0-4-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Railcar/8WCtLGNc">R</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">R or RT</td><td><a href="/facts/Rack_locomotive/Vm8EVjEM">Rack locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Rack_locomotive/Vm8EVjEM">RT</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Internal combustion locomotives</h3> <p class="note">"8w (locomotive)" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/facts/8W_(disambiguation)/3xyQlLXC">8W (disambiguation) § Rail transport</a>.</p> <p>The wheel arrangement of small <a href="/facts/Diesel_locomotive/RvJF30q2">diesel</a> and <a href="/facts/Petrol_locomotive/C9YV7wrQ">petrol</a> locomotives can be classified using the same notation as steam locomotives, e.g. 0-4-0, 0-6-0, 0-8-0. Where the axles are coupled by chains or shafts (rather than side rods) or are individually driven, the terms 4w (4-<i>wheeled</i>), 6w (6-wheeled) or 8w (8-wheeled) are generally used. For larger locomotives, the <a href="/facts/UIC_classification/ycNR1Ghk">UIC classification</a> is more commonly used. </p><p>Various suffixes are also used to denote the different types of internal combustion locomotives:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Suffix</th><th>Meaning</th><th>Example</th></tr><tr><td>PM</td><td><a href="/facts/Petrol-mechanical_locomotive/C9YV7wrQ">Petrol-mechanical locomotive</a></td><td>4w<a href="/facts/Petrol-mechanical_locomotive/C9YV7wrQ">PM</a></td></tr><tr><td>PE</td><td><a href="/facts/Petrol-electric_locomotive/C9YV7wrQ">Petrol-electric locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a><a href="/facts/Petrol-electric_locomotive/C9YV7wrQ">PE</a></td></tr><tr><td>D</td><td><a href="/facts/Diesel_locomotive/RvJF30q2">Diesel locomotive</a></td><td>6w<a href="/facts/Diesel_locomotive/RvJF30q2">D</a></td></tr><tr><td>DM</td><td><a href="/facts/Diesel%25E2%2580%2593mechanical_locomotive/RvJF30q2">Diesel–mechanical locomotive</a></td><td>8w<a href="/facts/Diesel%25E2%2580%2593mechanical_locomotive/RvJF30q2">DM</a></td></tr><tr><td>DE</td><td><a href="/facts/Diesel%25E2%2580%2593electric_locomotive/RvJF30q2">Diesel–electric locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a><a href="/facts/Diesel%25E2%2580%2593electric_locomotive/RvJF30q2">DE</a></td></tr><tr><td>DH</td><td><a href="/facts/Diesel%25E2%2580%2593hydraulic_locomotive/RvJF30q2">Diesel–hydraulic locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a><a href="/facts/Diesel%25E2%2580%2593hydraulic_locomotive/RvJF30q2">DH</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Electric locomotives</h3> <p>The wheel arrangement of small <a href="/facts/Electric_locomotive/580UInEr">electric locomotives</a> can be denoted using this notation, like with internal combustion locomotives. </p><p>Suffixes used for electric locomotives include: </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Suffix</th><th>Meaning</th><th>Example</th></tr><tr><td>BE</td><td><a href="/facts/Battery-electric_locomotive/580UInEr">Battery-electric locomotive</a></td><td>4w<a href="/facts/Battery_electric_locomotive/580UInEr">BE</a></td></tr><tr><td>OE</td><td><a href="/facts/Electric_locomotive/580UInEr">Overhead-lines electric locomotive</a></td><td><a href="/facts/0-8-0/tE9EpmG1">0-8-0</a><a href="/facts/Electric_locomotive/580UInEr">OE</a></td></tr><tr><td>RE</td><td><a href="/facts/Third_rail/CN6dydQI">Third rail electric locomotive</a></td><td>4wRE</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="wheel-arrangement-names">Wheel arrangement names</h2> <p>In American (and to a lesser extent British) practice, most wheel arrangements in common use were given names, sometimes from the name of the first such locomotive built. For example, the <a href="/facts/2-2-0/tFwY5LQ9">2-2-0</a> type arrangement is named <i>Planet</i>, after <a href="/facts/Planet_(locomotive)/vt6s43fq">the 1830 locomotive</a> on which it was first used. (This naming convention is similar to the naming of warship classes.) Note that several wheel arrangements had multiple names, and some names were only used in some countries. </p><p>Wheel arrangements under the Whyte system are listed below. In the diagrams, the front of the locomotive is to the left. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Arrangement(locomotive front is to the left)</th><th>Whyte classification</th><th>Name</th><th>No. of units produced</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Non-articulated locomotives</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-2-2/9u1zrExC">0-2-2</a></td><td>Northumbrian (after the <a href="/facts/Northumbrian_(locomotive)/5FdGjX9H">1830 locomotive <i>Northumbrian</i></a>)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-2-4/dygN1a4W">0-2-4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-2-0/tFwY5LQ9">2-2-0</a></td><td>Planet</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-2-2/aJt6jGrN">2-2-2</a></td><td>Single,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Jenny Lind<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-2-4T/hxEkvPNY">2-2-4</a></td><td>Aerolite</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-2-0/wPy6Bcpg">4-2-0</a></td><td>Jervis<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-2-2/VtFfHwpe">4-2-2</a></td><td>Bicycle<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-2-4T/fyw5f4JR">4-2-4</a></td><td>Huntington</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/6-2-0/drFWKml9">6-2-0</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Crampton_locomotive/t9w90gQy">Crampton</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0/KF2j2Y9r">0-4-0</a></td><td>Four-wheel switch<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0%252B4/SLCllK9B">0-4-0+4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-2/Pt8v0me3">0-4-2</a></td><td>Olomana</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-4T/sANnBpbA">0-4-4</a></td><td>Forney<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-0/Et6YqDJ3">2-4-0</a></td><td>Porter, 'Old English'<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-2/b7pEAzLk">2-4-2</a></td><td>Columbia<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-4T/bNMcld79">2-4-4</a></td><td>Forney, Mason Bogie</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-0/l08RCxAm">4-4-0</a></td><td>American,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> eight-wheeler</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-2_(locomotive)/GsuqHI6T">4-4-2</a></td><td>Atlantic<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-4/FN6S2DAg">4-4-4</a></td><td>Reading, Jubilee (Canada)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-3-0/nJuQoh52">0-3-0</a></td><td>(one driving wheel per axle; used on <a href="/facts/Patiala_State_Monorail_Trainways/WznpUqbI">Patiala State Monorail Trainways</a> and also on the <a href="/facts/Listowel_and_Ballybunion_Railway/X1Afr0sL">Listowel and Ballybunion Railway</a>)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0/t45do1Qd">0-6-0</a></td><td>Six-coupled,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> Six-wheel switch,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> Bourbonnais (France - tender), Boer (France - tank)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-2/2nwVPR6e">0-6-2</a></td><td>Branchliner, Webb</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-4/rWKJBD0Q">0-6-4</a></td><td>Forney six-coupled<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-6/s1eTdl3g">0-6-6</a></td><td>Forney six-coupled</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-0/8JXoA0ek">2-6-0</a></td><td>Mogul<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td>11,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-2/mpV26m9v">2-6-2</a></td><td>Prairie<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-4/96n0zhHK">2-6-4</a></td><td>Adriatic<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-6/0YQNJnIR">2-6-6</a></td><td>Mason Bogie</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-0/GYNMe4Vm">4-6-0</a></td><td>Ten-wheeler<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> (not Britain)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-2/AR3FJSbe">4-6-2</a></td><td>Pacific<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></td><td>6,800</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-4/8SSnUqUF">4-6-4</a></td><td>Hudson,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> Baltic<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>4-6-6</td><td>Use on the <a href="/facts/Boston_and_Albany_Railroad/J4GV7HLt">Boston and Albany Railroad</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-8-0/tE9EpmG1">0-8-0</a></td><td>Eight-coupled<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-8-2/gv3EcqUf">0-8-2</a></td><td>Transfer</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-8-4T/n05dFJIR">0-8-4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-0/pSnUze6D">2-8-0</a></td><td>Consolidation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a></td><td>35,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-2/bjax5qP6">2-8-2</a></td><td>Mikado,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a> Mike, MacArthur<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-4/kW4otIIk">2-8-4</a></td><td>Berkshire, Kanawha<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-6/HgMl5Hhq">2-8-6</a></td><td><i>Used only on four <a href="/facts/Mason_Bogie/zopLCRHk">Mason Bogie</a> locomotives</i></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-0/d2hwa9RD">4-8-0</a></td><td>Twelve Wheeler,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> Mastodon<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-2/1EMetTNM">4-8-2</a></td><td>Mountain,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a> Mohawk (<a href="/facts/New_York_Central_Railroad/czxyBaA8">NYC</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-4/Kt4nKwk0">4-8-4</a></td><td>Northern, Niagara, Confederation, Dixie, Greenbrier, Pocono, Potomac, Heavy Mountain (Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe), Golden State (Southern Pacific),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a> Western, Laurentian (<a href="/facts/Delaware_%2526_Hudson_Railroad/0knXaftS">Delaware & Hudson Railroad</a>), General, Wyoming (<a href="/facts/Lehigh_Valley_Railroad/wnX7zllC">Lehigh Valley</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a>), Governor, <a href="/facts/Central_of_Georgia_%2522Big_Apple%2522/fIDe2Q6L">Big Apple</a>, <a href="/facts/Southern_Pacific_class_GS-4/EmUcH5F1">GS Series "Daylight"</a> (Southern Pacific)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-6/eHUfdyj1">4-8-6</a></td><td><i>Proposed by <a href="/facts/Lima_Locomotive_Works/p4JFCNCo">Lima</a>, never built</i></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/6-8-6/K10A6fKT">6-8-6</a></td><td>Turbine, only used on the PRR S2 Steam Turbine</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-10-0/LasyqBUL">0-10-0</a></td><td>Ten-coupled,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> Ten-wheel switch<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-10-2/RnFxG8vW">0-10-2</a></td><td>Union<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-10-0/sJog08Bv">2-10-0</a></td><td>Decapod,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Russian_locomotive_class_Ye/EHIEJEUo">Russian Decapod</a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-10-2/xa9rKLXQ">2-10-2</a></td><td>Santa Fe<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-10-4/rJKySsov">2-10-4</a></td><td>Texas, Colorado (<a href="/facts/CB%2526Q/9NmAud4K">CB&Q</a>), Selkirk (Canada)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2-10-6</td><td><i>Proposed by <a href="/facts/Indian_Railways/gjJXmGqY">Indian Railways</a>, never built</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-10-0/cSNPbffk">4-10-0</a></td><td>Mastodon<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-10-2/aRPhW2pz">4-10-2</a></td><td>Reid Tenwheeler,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Southern_Pacific_Railroad/AGKVYqzX">Southern Pacific</a>, Overland,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a> Super Mountain<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-12-0/6gsvutA5">0-12-0</a></td><td>12-coupled</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>0-12-2</td><td>Used in Argentina</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-12-0/S2gvoY5z">2-12-0</a></td><td>Centipede<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-12-2/YRmrwDm9">2-12-2</a></td><td>Javanic<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a></td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-12-4/zQ8zXXal">2-12-4</a></td><td></td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2-12-6</td><td><i>Proposed by <a href="/facts/Lima_Locomotive_Works/p4JFCNCo">Lima</a>, never built</i></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-12-2/sJFr3SMz">4-12-2</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Union_Pacific/n9y9FccK">Union Pacific</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-14-4/NqH77UA2">4-14-4</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Soviet_locomotive_class_AA20/hSpSGvaq">AA20</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a> Soviet<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Divided drive and duplex locomotives</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-2-2-0/o09oApCx">0-2-2-0</a></td><td>Used on the <a href="/facts/Mount_Washington_Cog_Railway/6a5FWLrl">Mount Washington Cog Railway</a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-2-2-0/PQlqJtuE">2-2-2-0</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-2-2-2/a9DrkPJe">2-2-2-2</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-2-4-0T/8jpPcfrj">2-2-4-0</a></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-2-2-0/fW2Pcs9J">4-2-2-0</a></td><td>Double single<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-6-2/ltKQwmLX">2-4-6-2</a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>4-4-4-2</td><td>Planned for proposed <a href="/facts/ACE_3000/Uz4CrHp5">ACE 3000</a> locomotive.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-4-4/k4Ng5XMF">4-4-4-4</a></td><td>(<a href="/facts/PRR_T1/246I5BdX">PRR T1</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a></td><td>53</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/6-4-4-6/m4uKInSJ">6-4-4-6</a></td><td>(<a href="/facts/PRR_S1/I2MeH66c">PRR S1</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-6-4/aHJja7Uo">4-4-6-4</a></td><td>(<a href="/facts/PRR_Q2/anpKCmbm">PRR Q2</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a></td><td>26</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-4-4/QYjwCIUo">4-6-4-4</a></td><td>(<a href="/facts/PRR_Q1/gPumeSur">PRR Q1</a>)</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Articulated locomotives (simple and compound)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-4-0/wwLAWqaR">0-4-4-0</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-4-0/QAwFT3C2">2-4-4-0</a></td><td></td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-4-2/fYopwYQf">0-4-4-2</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-4-2/lTfDwsvI">2-4-4-2</a></td><td>Little River</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-6-2/0LSo9eet">4-4-6-2</a></td><td>Used by the Santa Fe<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-6-0/ILx2VcRN">0-6-6-0</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-6-0/vt4mLF3C">2-6-6-0</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-6-2/3aNwRL4P">2-6-6-2</a></td><td></td><td>1,300</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-6-4/63Bv0nny">2-6-6-4</a></td><td></td><td>60</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-6-6/ratJedT1">2-6-6-6</a></td><td>Allegheny,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a> Blue Ridge</td><td>68</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-6-2/yqJGn6oU">4-6-6-2</a></td><td>(<a href="/facts/Southern_Pacific_class_AM-2/qz0Mjt4d">Southern Pacific class AM-2</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-6-4/rYvzXGU1">4-6-6-4</a></td><td>Challenger<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a></td><td>252</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-8-6-0T/lh6D7K5B">0-8-6-0</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-8-0/rPqAsr4B">2-6-8-0</a></td><td>(Southern Railway, Great Northern Railway)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a></td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-8-8-0/qgGHjdhh">0-8-8-0</a></td><td>Angus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-8-0/lhA0YWqg">2-8-8-0</a></td><td>Bull Moose</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-8-2/d2E0rP2j">2-8-8-2</a></td><td>Chesapeake</td><td>222</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-8-4/VpGPh4rV">2-8-8-4</a></td><td>Yellowstone<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a></td><td>78</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-8-2/qu6C8BYd">4-8-8-2</a></td><td>Cab Forward</td><td>195</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-8-4/8ANyxvka">4-8-8-4</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Union_Pacific_Big_Boy/64Jdqsv2">Big Boy</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89"><sup>89</sup></a></td><td>25<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90"><sup>90</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-10-10-2/NlQ1rS2p">2-10-10-2</a></td><td>(Santa Fe and Virginian railroads)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91"><sup>91</sup></a></td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-8-8-2/nxIy9qyV">2-8-8-8-2</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Triplex_locomotive/nxIy9qyV">Triplex</a> (Erie RR)</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-8-8-4/xVaEkX5H">2-8-8-8-4</a></td><td>Triplex (Virginian RR)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92"><sup>92</sup></a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Garratt articulated locomotives</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-4-0%252B0-4-0/PGtdVtun">0-4-0+0-4-0</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/0-6-0%252B0-6-0/jmwgeac2">0-6-0+0-6-0</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-0%252B0-4-2/eD7UjoYs">2-4-0+0-4-2</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-4-2%252B2-4-2/khaLf90a">2-4-2+2-4-2</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-0%252B0-6-2/ygQk3abj">2-6-0+0-6-2</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-6-2%252B2-6-2/mMGBot3C">2-6-2+2-6-2</a></td><td>Double Prairie</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-0%252B0-8-2/kS5QUTs7">2-8-0+0-8-2</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/2-8-2%252B2-8-2/kFJ7vtAa">2-8-2+2-8-2</a></td><td>Double Mikado</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-4-2%252B2-4-4/P8IWm9NG">4-4-2+2-4-4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-0%252B0-6-4/weMX9WPq">4-6-0+0-6-4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-2%252B2-6-4/LYVNyFGf">4-6-2+2-6-4</a></td><td>Double Pacific</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-6-4%252B4-6-4/3ndwl9d0">4-6-4+4-6-4</a></td><td>Double Hudson</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-0%252B0-8-4/HG5WTsfR">4-8-0+0-8-4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-2%252B2-8-4/40f0u3VU">4-8-2+2-8-4</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/4-8-4%252B4-8-4/0lchvWhc">4-8-4+4-8-4</a></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/AAR_wheel_arrangement/PLWUMWSy">AAR wheel arrangement</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Swiss_locomotive_and_railcar_classification/26CEeIpU">Swiss locomotive and railcar classification</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UIC_classification/ycNR1Ghk">UIC classification</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Wheel_arrangement/sNT4Qfct">Wheel arrangement</a></li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Boylan, Richard; Barris, Wes (30 May 1991). <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080126123957/http://www.steamlocomotive.com/misc/wheels.shtml">"American Steam Locomotive Wheel Arrangements"</a>. <i>SteamLocomotive.com</i>. Archived from <a href="http://www.steamlocomotive.com/misc/wheels.shtml">the original</a> on 26 January 2008. Retrieved 8 February 2008.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li> Media related to Whyte notation at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <p>In the various names above of a 4-8-4, omitted was the letters "F E F" which simply means: four eight four. </p> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Steam Locomotive Glossary". Railway Technical Web Pages. 28 June 2007. Archived from the original on 28 January 2008. Retrieved 8 February 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080128230325/http://www.railway-technical.com/st-glos.shtml" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080128230325/http://www.railway-technical.com/st-glos.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Thompson, Keith (1 May 2006). "Builder's plates: A locomotive's birth certificate". Kalmbach Publishing. Archived from the original on 22 November 2008. Retrieved 8 February 2008. <a href="http://www.trains.com/trn/default.aspx?c=a&id=201" target="_blank">http://www.trains.com/trn/default.aspx?c=a&id=201</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"The Franco-Crosti Boiler System". <a href="http://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/LOCOLOCO/francocrosti/francocrosti.htm#b" target="_blank">http://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/LOCOLOCO/francocrosti/francocrosti.htm#b</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Industrial Locomotives: including preserved and minor railway locomotives. Vol. 17EL. Melton Mowbray: Industrial Railway Society. 2015. ISBN 978 1 901556 88 9. <a href="978 1 901556 88 9" target="_blank">978 1 901556 88 9</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Industrial Locomotives: including preserved and minor railway locomotives. Vol. 17EL. Melton Mowbray: Industrial Railway Society. 2015. ISBN 978 1 901556 88 9. <a href="978 1 901556 88 9" target="_blank">978 1 901556 88 9</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Industrial Locomotives: including preserved and minor railway locomotives. Vol. 17EL. Melton Mowbray: Industrial Railway Society. 2015. ISBN 978 1 901556 88 9. <a href="978 1 901556 88 9" target="_blank">978 1 901556 88 9</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Steam Locomotive Glossary". Railway Technical Web Pages. 28 June 2007. Archived from the original on 28 January 2008. Retrieved 8 February 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080128230325/http://www.railway-technical.com/st-glos.shtml" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080128230325/http://www.railway-technical.com/st-glos.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Directory of Railway Officials & Year Book 1956-1957. London: Tothill Press Limited. 1956. p. 421. <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>White, John H. Jr. (1968). A History of the American Locomotive - Its Development: 1830-1880. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-23818-0., p. 33. <a href="0-486-23818-0" target="_blank">0-486-23818-0</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Directory of Railway Officials & Year Book 1956-1957. London: Tothill Press Limited. 1956. p. 421. <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Adams, Bob (December 1968). 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