In Computer-Aided Design (CAD) it's commonly used to denote dimensions.
Prior to use of modern CAD software, reference dimensions were traditionally indicated on a drawing by the abbreviation "REF" written adjacent to the dimension (typically to the right or underneath the dimension).
However, standard ASME Y14.5 has changed the way references are marked, and the abbreviation "REF" has been replaced with the use of parentheses () around the dimension. As an example, a distance of 1500 millimeters might be denoted by (1500 mm) instead of 1500 mm REF.
This implementation has followed in modern CAD software that makes use of parentheses as the default denotation method whenever reference dimensions are "automatically" created by the software. The method for identifying a reference dimension (or reference data) on drawings is to enclose the dimension (or data) within parentheses.
"Reference Dimensions - 2017 - SOLIDWORKS Help". help.solidworks.com. Retrieved 2022-01-20. https://help.solidworks.com/2017/english/SolidWorks/sldworks/c_Reference_Dimensions.htm ↩
Sheaffer, M. K.; Thomas, G. R.; Dann, R. K.; Russell, E. W. (May 1998), Engineering Drawings for 10 CFR Part 71 Package Approvals (PDF), pp. 11–12, retrieved 2019-02-15. https://www.orau.org/ptp/pdf/5502.pdf ↩