Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Osteoderm
open-in-new
<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Exoskeleton/Wlmru4GW">Exoskeleton</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Calcinosis_cutis/sNKTwz8E">Calcinosis cutis</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Calcinosis/g7y2BhIS">Calcinosis</a></li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Carroll, R. L. 1988. <i>Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution</i>. W. H. Freeman and Company. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-7167-1822-7</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Hill, R.V. (December 2006). "Comparative anatomy and histology of xenarthran osteoderms". Journal of Morphology. 267 (12): 1441–1460. doi:10.1002/jmor.10490. PMID 17103396. S2CID 22294139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Nasoori, Alireza (2020). "Formation, structure, and function of extra-skeletal bones in mammals". Biological Reviews. 95 (4): 986–1019. doi:10.1111/brv.12597. PMID 32338826. S2CID 216556342. <a href="https://archive.org/details/formation-structure-and-function-of-extra-skeletal-bones-in-mammals" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/formation-structure-and-function-of-extra-skeletal-bones-in-mammals</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Vickaryous, M.K.; Hall, B.K. (April 2008). "Development of the dermal skeleton in Alligator mississippiensis (Archosauria, Crocodylia) with comments on the homology of osteoderms". Journal of Morphology. 269 (4): 398–422. doi:10.1002/jmor.10575. PMID 17960802. S2CID 5927674. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjmor.10575" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjmor.10575</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Vickaryous, Matthew K.; Sire, Jean-Yves (2009-04-01). "The integumentary skeleton of tetrapods: origin, evolution, and development". Journal of Anatomy. 214 (4): 441–464. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01043.x. ISSN 1469-7580. PMC 2736118. PMID 19422424. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2736118" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2736118</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Nasoori, Alireza (2020). "Formation, structure, and function of extra-skeletal bones in mammals". Biological Reviews. 95 (4): 986–1019. doi:10.1111/brv.12597. PMID 32338826. S2CID 216556342. <a href="https://archive.org/details/formation-structure-and-function-of-extra-skeletal-bones-in-mammals" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/formation-structure-and-function-of-extra-skeletal-bones-in-mammals</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Clarac, F.; Buffrénil, V; Cubo, J; Quilhac, A (2018). "Vascularization in ornamented osteoderms: Physiological implications in ectothermy and amphibious lifestyle in the crocodylomorphs?". Anatomical Record. 301 (1): 175–183. doi:10.1002/ar.23695. PMID 29024422. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Far.23695" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002%2Far.23695</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Clarac, F.; Quilhac, A. (2019). "The crocodylian skull and osteoderms: A functional exaptation to ectothermy?" (PDF). Zoology. 132: 31–40. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2018.12.001. PMID 30736927. S2CID 73427451. <a href="https://hal-mnhn.archives-ouvertes.fr/mnhn-02557596/file/S0944200618300795.pdf" target="_blank">https://hal-mnhn.archives-ouvertes.fr/mnhn-02557596/file/S0944200618300795.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Jackson, DC.; Andrade, D.; Abe, AS. (2003). "Lactate sequestration by osteoderms of the broad-nose caiman, Caiman latirostris, following capture and forced submergence". Journal of Experimental Biology. 206 (Pt 20): 3601–3606. doi:10.1242/jeb.00611. PMID 12966051. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjeb.00611" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjeb.00611</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Antacid armour key to tetrapod survival". ABC Science. 2012-04-24. Retrieved 6 March 2017. <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2012/04/25/3488040.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2012/04/25/3488040.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>