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Ainharp
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<h2 id="geography">Geography</h2> <h3>Location</h3> <p>Ainharp is located some 50 km west by southwest of Pau, 15 km southeast of <a href="/facts/Saint-Palais,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques/TTxL0Mzs">Saint-Palais</a>, and 10 km north-west of <a href="/facts/Mauleon-Licharre/X4ATrS2R">Mauleon-Licharre</a>. It is part of the <a href="/facts/Provinces_of_France/7fwpoSWA">former province</a> of <a href="/facts/Soule/jgcpNlu9">Soule</a>. </p> <h3>Access</h3> <p>The commune can be accessed by road D242 from <a href="/facts/Lohitzun-Oyhercq/uHTPga8r">Lohitzun-Oyhercq</a> in the west passing through the village and continuing southeast to <a href="/facts/Mauleon-Licharre/X4ATrS2R">Mauleon-Licharre</a>. The D344 road also goes to the north from the village through the commune then east to <a href="/facts/Espes-Undurein/Sw17GXz4">Espes-Undurein</a>. The commune terrain is undulating of mixed farmland and forest.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p> <h3>Hydrography</h3> <p>Located in the <a href="/facts/Drainage_basin/lzsx0XJS">drainage basin</a> of the <a href="/facts/Adour/EjIdF71p">Adour</a>, the commune is the source of numerous streams including the Lagardoye which forms part of the south-eastern border, the Quihilleri which forms much of the western border, and the Lafaure which forms much of the northern border.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h3>Localities and hamlets</h3> <ul><li>Agueberria</li> <li>Agueberriborda</li> <li>Aisaguerpia</li> <li>Aranco</li> <li>Armagnague</li> <li>Arranchiaga</li> <li>Barrechia</li> <li>Bente</li> <li>Bidartia</li> <li>Bidegainia</li> <li>Bolondo</li> <li>Bordagaya</li> <li>Bordalecu</li> <li>Cabanna</li> <li>Cacoa</li> <li>Carricaburu<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li> <li>Carricabuya</li> <li>Carricart</li> <li>Chorho</li> <li>Elhorria</li> <li>Elhorriberry</li> <li>Erreguenia</li> <li>Estecachoury</li> <li>Etchebarnia</li> <li>Etchebestemborda</li> <li>Etchecopar</li> <li>Garay</li> <li>Habiague</li> <li>Intsauspia</li> <li>Jaigüberria</li> <li>Larria</li> <li>Leiciagueçahar</li> <li>Lohitzun</li> <li>Mercapidia</li> <li>Oyhemburia</li> <li>Oyhenart</li> <li>Palasiona</li> <li>Pekeix</li> <li>Sallaberria</li> <li>Urruty</li> <li>Uthuriet</li></ul> <p><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="toponymy">Toponymy</h2> <p>The commune name in <a href="/facts/Basque_language/rEMpH97p">Basque</a> is <i>Ainharbe</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <p>Jean-Baptiste Orpustan proposed two etymological interpretations: </p> <ul><li>a meaning of "low heather" from <i>ilharr</i> meaning "<a href="/facts/Ericaceae/fthVmp8G">heather</a>" and <i>-be</i> (from <i>behere</i> meaning "low") or</li> <li>"height of the low rocks" from <i>gain</i> meaning "high" and <i>har</i> meaning "rock" that indicates the high position of the village on the left bank of the <a href="/facts/Saison_(river)/9rMoyR6n">Saison</a>.</li></ul> <p>The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Spelling</th><th>Date</th><th>Source</th><th>Page</th><th>Origin</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td>Ainharp</td><td>Ayharp</td><td>1472</td><td>Raymond</td><td>4</td><td>Notaries</td><td>Village</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Ainharp</td><td>1479</td><td>Orpustan</td><td>224</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>L'Espitau d'Anharp</td><td>1479</td><td>Raymond</td><td>4</td><td>Ohix</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Aynharp</td><td>1479</td><td>Raymond</td><td>4</td><td>Ohix</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Aignharp</td><td>1608</td><td>Raymond</td><td>4</td><td>Insinuations</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Ayharp</td><td>1690</td><td>Orpustan</td><td>224</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Carricaburu</td><td>Carricaburue</td><td>1479</td><td>Raymond</td><td>42</td><td></td><td>Farm</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Habiague</td><td>Habiague</td><td>1476</td><td>Raymond</td><td>74</td><td>Ohix</td><td>Farm</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lafaure</td><td>La Phaura</td><td>1538</td><td>Raymond</td><td>135</td><td>Reformation</td><td>Stream on the northern border</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>La Phaure</td><td>1863</td><td>Raymond</td><td>135</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lambare</td><td>lo bedat de Lambarre</td><td>1476</td><td>Raymond</td><td>91</td><td>Ohix</td><td>Hamlet and Wood</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Chemin Mercadieu</td><td>lo cami Mercadieu</td><td>1479</td><td>Raymond</td><td>112</td><td>Ohix</td><td>Farm</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>le cami deu Mercat</td><td>1479</td><td>Raymond</td><td>112</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Sources: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Paul_Raymond_(archivist)/uUrrVjJc">Raymond</a>: <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC"><i>Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees</i></a>, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li> <li>Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie-LeqGXat8C&q=ainharp"><i> New Basque Toponymy</i></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></li></ul> <p>Origins: </p> <ul><li>Notaries: Notaries of <a href="/facts/Labastide-Villefranche/kYWProd4">Labastide-Villefranche</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></li> <li>Ohix:Contracts retained by Ohix, Notary of <a href="/facts/Soule/jgcpNlu9">Soule</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></li> <li>Insinuations: Insinuations of the <a href="/facts/Diocese_of_Oloron/Wrros64V">Diocese of Oloron</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></li> <li>Reformation: Reformation of Béarn<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <p><a href="/facts/Paul_Raymond_(archivist)/uUrrVjJc">Paul Raymond</a> noted on page 4 of his 1863 dictionary that the commune was a former priory in the <a href="/facts/Diocese_of_Oloron/Wrros64V">diocese of Oloron</a> and that there was a hospital for pilgrims.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="administration">Administration</h2> <p>List of Successive Mayors of Ainharp<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> Mayors from 1929 <table><tbody><tr><th>From</th><th>To</th><th>Name</th></tr><tr><td>1929</td><td>1950</td><td>Jean Guiresse</td></tr><tr><td>1950</td><td>1959</td><td>François Elissiry</td></tr><tr><td>1959</td><td>1971</td><td>Jean-Pierre Aguer</td></tr><tr><td>1971</td><td>1983</td><td>Jean Lascaray</td></tr><tr><td>1983</td><td>2026</td><td>Jean-Pierre Arhanchiague</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Inter-communality</h3> <p>Ainharp is a member of seven intercommunal structures: </p> <ul><li>the <a href="/facts/Communaut%C3%A9_d%27agglom%C3%A9ration_du_Pays_Basque/WDkd685B">Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque</a></li> <li>the association to support Basque culture</li> <li>the intercommunal association of the Valley</li> <li>the intercommunal association for the construction and operation of the CES of Mauleon</li> <li>the AEP association for Soule Country</li> <li>the remediation association for Soule Country</li> <li>the energy association of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques</li></ul> <h2 id="population">Population</h2> <p>The inhabitants of the commune are known as <i>Ainharbars</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> or <i>Ainharbear</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p> Historical population<table><tbody><tr><th>Year</th><th>Pop.</th><th>±% p.a.</th></tr><tr><th>1968 </th><td>194</td><td>— </td></tr><tr><th>1975 </th><td>186</td><td>−0.60%</td></tr><tr><th>1982 </th><td>181</td><td>−0.39%</td></tr><tr><th>1990 </th><td>161</td><td>−1.45%</td></tr><tr><th>1999 </th><td>142</td><td>−1.39%</td></tr><tr><th>2007 </th><td>151</td><td>+0.77%</td></tr><tr><th>2012 </th><td>143</td><td>−1.08%</td></tr><tr><th>2017 </th><td>141</td><td>−0.28%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Source: INSEE<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="economy">Economy</h2> <p>The activity is mainly agricultural (maize and livestock). The town is part of the <a href="/facts/Appellation_d%27origine_contr%C3%B4l%C3%A9e/pNUzSKwU">Appellation d'origine contrôlée</a> (AOC) zone of <a href="/facts/Ossau-iraty/mJSyGBmI">Ossau-iraty</a>. </p> <h2 id="culture-and-heritage">Culture and heritage</h2> <h3>Religious Heritage</h3> <p>The commune has a church which dates back to the 11th century and a <a href="/facts/Calvary_(sculpture)/BqDFVC3o">Calvary</a>-Bell Tower from the 17th century. Its cemetery features <a href="/facts/Hilarri/u2VtD9Dq">Hilarri</a> dating from the time of the bell tower. </p><p>The village is located on a secondary road of the <a href="/facts/Way_of_St._James/GWfetXeK">pilgrimage to Saint Jacques de Compostela</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> which passes on the highway to Ports de Cize, the priory of <a href="/facts/Saint-Palais,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques/TTxL0Mzs">Saint-Palais</a> to <a href="/facts/Saint-Michel,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques/GBDpVCCB">Saint-Michel-le-Vieux</a> which had a hospice for pilgrims called <i>Benta</i> then to <a href="/facts/L%27H%C3%B4pital-Saint-Blaise/4TG517Hf">L'Hôpital-Saint-Blaise</a>, Osserain, <a href="/facts/Pagolle/SVdlWRqS">Pagolle</a>, <a href="/facts/Roquiague/AGuycNqp">Roquiague</a>, <a href="/facts/Haux,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques/1Ln6Y7Vx">Haux</a>, <a href="/facts/Larrau/2FFr5Cz7">Larrau</a>, and <a href="/facts/Ordiarp/LgFrMpPu">Ordiarp</a>. </p> <h2 id="facilities">Facilities</h2> <p>The commune has a primary school. </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Communes_of_the_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques_department/jFnqIUVq">Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.9292,43.2614&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes">Ainharp on Géoportail</a>, <a href="/facts/Institut_g%C3%A9ographique_national/lTovz0Se">National Geographic Institute</a> (IGN) website (in French)</li> <li><a href="http://rumsey.geogarage.com/maps/cassinige.html?lat=43.2614&lon=-0.9292&zoom=13"><i>Ainharp</i> on the 1750 Cassini Map</a></li></ul> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ainharp. <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>AINHARBE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish) <a href="https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/en/ainharbe/ar-18750/" target="_blank">https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/en/ainharbe/ar-18750/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Google Maps <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ainharp,+France/@43.2525745,-0.9337792,6636m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56ddc67c0cb319:0x8e5c02bf6a73b40d?hl=en" target="_blank">https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ainharp,+France/@43.2525745,-0.9337792,6636m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56ddc67c0cb319:0x8e5c02bf6a73b40d?hl=en</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Google Maps <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ainharp,+France/@43.2525745,-0.9337792,6636m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56ddc67c0cb319:0x8e5c02bf6a73b40d?hl=en" target="_blank">https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ainharp,+France/@43.2525745,-0.9337792,6636m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56ddc67c0cb319:0x8e5c02bf6a73b40d?hl=en</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French) <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Géoportail, IGN (in French) <a href="http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.9292,43.2614&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes" target="_blank">http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.9292,43.2614&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>AINHARBE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish) <a href="https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/en/ainharbe/ar-18750/" target="_blank">https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/en/ainharbe/ar-18750/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (in Basque) <a href="http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia" target="_blank">http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French) <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 224, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French) <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie-LeqGXat8C&q=ainharp" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie-LeqGXat8C&q=ainharp</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Manuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Manuscripts from the 17th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French) <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>List of Mayors of France <a href="http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/resultcommune.php?id=22123" target="_blank">http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/resultcommune.php?id=22123</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.fr <a href="https://www.habitants.fr/pyrenees-atlantiques-64" target="_blank">https://www.habitants.fr/pyrenees-atlantiques-64</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French) <a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Jobb%C3%A9-Duval" target="_blank">/wiki/Brigitte_Jobb%C3%A9-Duval</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (in Basque) <a href="http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia" target="_blank">http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE <a href="https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-64012#ancre-POP_T1" target="_blank">https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-64012#ancre-POP_T1</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, page 110, Arthaud, 20 December 1975 ISBN 978-2-7003-0038-3 (in French) <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>