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Berkelium tetrafluoride
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<h2 id="synthesis">Synthesis</h2> <p>Berkelium tetrafluoride may be formed by the fluorination of <a href="/facts/Berkelium(III)_oxide/hYaHWYK2"> berkelium trioxide</a>, dioxide, or trifluoride with elemental fluorine at elevated temperatures: </p> 2Bk2O3 + 8F2 → 4BkF4 + 3O2 2BkF3 + F2 → 2BkF4 <h2 id="physical-properties">Physical properties</h2> <p>Berkelium(IV) fluoride forms light brown crystals of monoclinic crystal structure of <a href="/facts/Uranium_tetrafluoride/AtKs4Sal">uranium tetrafluoride</a> type. Cell parameters: a = 1.2396 nm, b = 1.0466 nm, c = 0.8118 nm, angle β = 126.33°.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="chemical-properties">Chemical properties</h2> <p>Berkelium tetrafluoride is reduced by <a href="/facts/Lithium/7vXX6BWA">lithium</a> at elevated temperatures to metallic berkelium:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> BkF4 + 4Li → Bk + 4LiF <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Cunningham, B. B. (January 1959). "Berkelium and californium". Journal of Chemical Education. 36 (1): 32. doi:10.1021/ed036p32. ISSN 0021-9584. Retrieved 5 April 2023. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ed036p32" target="_blank">https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ed036p32</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Keenan, Thomas K.; Asprey, Larned B. (February 1969). "Lattice constants of actinide tetrafluorides including berkelium". Inorganic Chemistry. 8 (2): 235–238. doi:10.1021/ic50072a011. ISSN 0020-1669. Retrieved 5 April 2023. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic50072a011" target="_blank">https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic50072a011</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Asprey, L. B.; Keenan, T. K. (1 September 1968). "The preparation of berkelium tetrafluoride and its lattice parameters (1)". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 4 (9): 537–541. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(68)80028-5. ISSN 0020-1650. Retrieved 5 April 2023. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0020165068800285" target="_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0020165068800285</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Edelstein, Norman M. (11 September 2013). Actinides in Perspective: Proceedings of the Actinides—1981 Conference, Pacific Grove, California, USA, 10-15 September 1981. Elsevier. p. 334. ISBN 978-1-4831-9051-8. Retrieved 5 April 2023. <a href="978-1-4831-9051-8" target="_blank">978-1-4831-9051-8</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>