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Manesar
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<h2 id="etymology">Etymology</h2> <p>Manesar gets its name from the <a href="/facts/Sanskrit_language/ychfjhlx">sanskrit language</a>, in which the word "manesar" means the "lord of brain or wisdom" i.e. the Lord <a href="/facts/Shiva/SaHL5XBS">Shiva</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>Earlier Manesar was a sleepy village of about 1000 dwellings on the Delhi-Jaipur highway, then numbered as <a href="/facts/National_Highway_8_(India,_old_numbering)/zPfeHmgH">NH-8</a>. Since the late 1990s, it has been transformed into a booming town. Its growth has been helped by government's drive to move out factories from Delhi as well as the growth of Gurgaon city and proximity to Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport (approximately 40 minutes). Farmers have become millionaires or multi-millionaires by selling their lands.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="demographics">Demographics</h2> <p>As of <a href="/facts/2011_Indian_Census/U4V680pf">2011 Indian Census</a>, the Manesar census town had a total population of 23,448, of which 14,381 were males and 9,067 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 3,382. The total number of literates in Manesar was 18,105, which constituted 77.2% of the population with male literacy of 83.2% and female literacy of 67.8%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Manesar was 90.2%, of which male literacy rate was 95.4% and female literacy rate was 81.6%. The <a href="/facts/Scheduled_Castes/e2tKbqeM">Scheduled Castes</a> population was 1,774. Manesar had 5074 households in 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="industrial-model-township">Industrial Model Township</h2> <p> Manesar was planned in 1980's as Industrial Model Township(IMT) during formation of Maruti Udyog Ltd under <a href="/facts/Haryana_State_Industrial_and_Infrastructure_Development_Corporation/llSxn371">Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation</a> which is under Haryana Government. Land acquisition proceedings for development of IMT Manesar were initiated in 1994–1995. Initial allotments of industrial plots to Maruti Vendors were made in 1997,and,other allotments commenced in 1999. Over the years,HSIIDC has allotted more than 2,100 plots for setting up of industrial ventures by entrepreneurs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> There are several large multinational companies, such as <a href="/facts/Maruti_Suzuki/dKk6vsHh">Maruti Suzuki</a>, <a href="/facts/Jaquar/5PPQKxbV">Jaquar</a>, JBM Auto and <a href="/facts/Toshiba/QHRaw8Tr">Toshiba</a> Eco City. <a href="/facts/Aadhar/nob7BAmQ">Aadhar</a>'s national <a href="/facts/Data_Center/DS5wJY41">Data Center</a> is also located here. Also <a href="/facts/Indian_Institute_of_Corporate_Affairs/seL4a5q1">Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs</a> under <a href="/facts/Ministry_of_Corporate_Affairs/DQlhJEKr">Ministry of Corporate Affairs</a> is located here,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> and it also contains the Manesar Software Technology Park, which covers 170 acres (69 ha).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> In 2023, Manesar had 2200 industrial manufacturing units, which employee 300,000 employees including 200,000 living within Manesar and remaining commute daily from outside. Some of the large manufacturing units include Maruti and Honda.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>Attempts by the <a href="/facts/Government_of_Haryana/mw3SAtv4">Government of Haryana</a> to acquire additional land for expansion of the IMT development from 2011 led to numerous protests and legal challenges from farmers and other residents.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> These were resolved in 2014 when it bought a total of 688 acres (278 ha) from three villages (Manesar, <a href="/facts/Nakhrola/cWPL7jz1">Nakhrola</a> and <a href="/facts/Naurangpur/DHIt87z4">Naurangpur</a>) at a price set by the <a href="/facts/Punjab_and_Haryana_High_Court/lm87Gz2P">Punjab and Haryana High Court</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h3>Manesar-Gurgaon land scam</h3> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Robert_Vadra_DLF_land_grab_scam/7zQJCs68">Robert Vadra DLF land grab scam</a> and <a href="/facts/Gurugram_Rajiv_Gandhi_Trust_land_grab_scam/H321WEQB">Gurugram Rajiv Gandhi Trust land grab scam</a></p> <p>On 17 September 2015, the <a href="/facts/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation/DSmBhsxm">Central Bureau of Investigation</a> (CBI) registered a <a href="/facts/First_Information_Report/Ct0Ecg50">First Information Report</a> under various sections of the <a href="/facts/Indian_Penal_Code/DgADV58o">Indian Penal Code</a> relating to forgery, cheating and criminal conspiracy. These were in connection with alleged irregularities involving land acquisitions at IMT Manesar.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> Subsequently, in 2018, the former Haryana Chief Minister, <a href="/facts/Bhupinder_Singh_Hooda/sTRrzHcj">Bhupinder Singh Hooda</a>, together with real estate companies, officials of the state government's department of town and country planning and bureaucrats who worked with Hooda while he was Chief Minister were charged. The scam had allegedly resulted in a 15 billion INR loss to farmers in Manesar and the adjoining villages of Naurangpur and Lakhnoula whose land, amounting to 400 acres (160 ha), had been threatened with government purchase for "public purpose". Faced with the threat of government acquisition, farmers sold at knock-down prices, averaging 25 percent of market value, to real estate developers. The Hooda government then released the land from the acquisition threat, thus favouring the developers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p><p>One of the beneficiary of the scam was Hooda's nephew, Sukhwinder, whose company was given change of land use (CLU) permission for 52 acres land on the same day the government acquisition process had lapsed for the want of release of funds, while at the same time CLU was denied to two other unrelated applicants.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>The <a href="/facts/Supreme_Court_of_India/GfYduSqA">Supreme Court of India</a> cancelled the acquisition and grant of land to the developers and directed the CBI to inquire further. The government was instructed to "recover every single pie". Court returned the land to Haryana government. Land would not be returned to the landholders more than the prevailing price. The builders will not be allowed to recover any money they paid to land owners as the deal was done to benefit them and "middlemen". The court said:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <p>The acquisition process was withdrawn with fraudulent intentions after the land was purchased by the private builders in active connivance with state functionaries. The builders and private entities were aware that the acquisition would not go through. The entire acquisition proceedings were initiated with mala fide intention, illegally and in violation of the provisions of the Land Acquisition Act. It was not a mere bonanza or a deal, but denoted quid pro quo.</p> <h2 id="administration">Administration</h2> <p>Manesar municipal corporation and Manesar <a href="/facts/Tehsil/HzfAvpyT">tehsil</a> were established in 2020. In 2023, Manesar municipal area spread over 20 km includes 29 villages.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p> <h3>Proposal for new city</h3> <p>In 2018, the Chief Minister, <a href="/facts/Manohar_Lal_Khattar/GxRCIQl2">Manohar Lal Khattar</a>, announced a new city that would adjoin Gurgaon and incorporate an area from Manesar towards Rewari, and also the area around Pataudi. The new city is likely to be spread across at least 50,000 hectares, which is larger than Chandigarh (11,400 hectares) but smaller than Gurgaon (73,200 hectares).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p> <h3>Proposal of a new municipal corporation</h3> <p>In November 2020, Haryana Chief Minister <a href="/facts/Manohar_Lal_Khattar/GxRCIQl2">Manohar Lal Khattar</a> announced the creation of a new <a href="/facts/Municipal_corporation_(India)/NvqXzzD4">municipal corporation</a> in Manesar.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> In December 2020, the Haryana Government approved the formation of the <a href="/facts/Manesar_Municipal_Corporation/SbLYJNFb">Manesar Municipal Corporation</a> in a cabinet meeting.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="transport--connectivity">Transport & connectivity</h2> <p>Manesar lies on Delhi-Jaipur <a href="/facts/National_Highway_48_(India)/XEI6aVBX">NH48</a>, <a href="/facts/Western_Peripheral_Expressway/K71wWcgT">Western Peripheral Expressway</a> (WPE), and <a href="/facts/Dwarka_Expressway/UvdUpdvI">Dwarka Expressway</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Haryana_Orbital_Rail_Corridor/2PrmlI3s">Haryana Orbital Rail Corridor</a> (HORC), other nearest railway station is <a href="/facts/Garhi_Harsaru_railway_station/KQfy9rXz">Garhi Harsaru railway station</a> and <a href="/facts/Gurgaon_railway_station/GtTm7MAI">Gurgaon railway station</a> is nearest major station. Manesar is served by many local buses and <a href="/facts/Haryana_Roadways/qU3k9XKR">Haryana Roadways</a> states buses. </p> <h2 id="education">Education</h2> <p>The first training center of <a href="/facts/National_Security_Guard/rQAWNpqN">National Security Guard</a> (NSG), commonly known as Black Cat commandos - a counter-terrorism unit of India, was opened in Manesar which also has a National Bomb Data center. <a href="/facts/National_Brain_Research_Centre/8vYtmQV3">National Brain Research Centre</a> (NBR ) is also at Manesar.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>There are many government and private schools, the former being managed by the Government of Haryana through the Haryana Board of School Education (HBSE). </p> <h2 id="tourism">Tourism</h2> <p>The Heritage Transport Museum is situated on a 3 acres (1.2 ha) plot at Tauru Gurgaon, near Manesar. A built-up area of over 90,000 sq ft (8,400 m2) spread over four floors houses the exhibition galleries, library and reference centre, conference rooms, mini auditorium, the museum shop, and a restaurant facility.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="military-significance">Military Significance</h2> <p>The operations and training headquarters of the <a href="/facts/National_Security_Guards/rQAWNpqN">National Security Guards</a> is located in Manesar near NH 48.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="quarantine-site">Quarantine site</h2> <p>In January 2020, the <a href="/facts/Indian_Army/4a3vrgyL">Indian Army</a> set up a quarantine camp in Manesar for suspected cases of <a href="/facts/Coronavirus_disease_2019/YsUgvsaX">Coronavirus disease 2019</a>. 300 Indian students airlifted from <a href="/facts/Wuhan/AGKKmphL">Wuhan</a> district of China were quarantined and observed for 14 days, after which those with no symptoms were allowed to go home.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="economy">Economy</h2> <p>Some of the industrial units functioning in Manesar are: </p> <ul><li><a href="https://www.riello-ups.in/">Riello Power India Pvt Ltd</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Alcatel-Lucent/X0rLGYr7">Alcatel-Lucent</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Alere_Inc./e7GdeN6p">Alere Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Baxter_International/5mQzURvL">Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/BorgWarner/qWAbqvlm">BorgWarner</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Denso/BAGBVT43">Denso</a> Haryana</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dudhsagar_Dairy/noRknuKu">Dudhsagar Dairy</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Hero_MotoCorp/FKJuhxMR">Hero MotoCorp</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/HMSI/4MoP8B34">Honda Motorcycle & Scooters India</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Johnson_Matthey/19C927vm">Johnson Matthey</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Keysight_Technologies/XIxlPrB3">Keysight Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mankind_Pharma/fcCR06U4">Mankind Pharma</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Maruti_Suzuki/dKk6vsHh">Maruti Suzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Samsung/oNXUwDjn">Samsung</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pfizer/1ADDanWs">Pfizer</a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Administrative_divisions_of_Haryana/Mm1auqNd">Administrative divisions of Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Tourism_in_Haryana/Ceaql1HC">Tourism in Haryana</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Gurugram News: मानेसर जिला बना तो शहर की तर्ज पर होगा गांवों का विकास". AmarUjala. 20 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023. <a href="https://www.amarujala.com/delhi-ncr/gurgaon/if-manesar-district-is-formed-villages-will-develop-on-the-lines-of-the-city-gurgaon-news-c-24-1-noi1094-16757-2023-10-20" target="_blank">https://www.amarujala.com/delhi-ncr/gurgaon/if-manesar-district-is-formed-villages-will-develop-on-the-lines-of-the-city-gurgaon-news-c-24-1-noi1094-16757-2023-10-20</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Haryana showpiece millennium city Gurgaon's 'powerless' original residents suffer". India.com. 1 September 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2015. <a href="http://www.india.com/news/india/haryana-showpiece-millennium-city-gurgaons-powerless-original-residents-suffer-135834/" target="_blank">http://www.india.com/news/india/haryana-showpiece-millennium-city-gurgaons-powerless-original-residents-suffer-135834/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Census of India: Manesar". Retrieved 24 December 2020. <a href="https://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=71197" target="_blank">https://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=71197</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"After 25 years, IMT Manesar area to finally get a post office". 22 April 2019. <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/after-25-years-imt-manesar-area-to-finally-get-a-post-office/story-S6UnmtkO8bnU0yQI6BFc8O.html" target="_blank">https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/after-25-years-imt-manesar-area-to-finally-get-a-post-office/story-S6UnmtkO8bnU0yQI6BFc8O.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Manesar IMT: A township dream turns an infrastructure mess". 21 August 2012. <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/manesar-imt-a-township-dream-turns-an-infrastructure-mess/#:~:text=Land%20acquisition%20proceedings%20for%20development,of%20industrial%20ventures%20by%20entrepreneurs" target="_blank">https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/manesar-imt-a-township-dream-turns-an-infrastructure-mess/#:~:text=Land%20acquisition%20proceedings%20for%20development,of%20industrial%20ventures%20by%20entrepreneurs</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Haryana Review 2013 <a href="http://haryanasamvad.gov.in/store/document/HR-Review-January-2013.pdf" target="_blank">http://haryanasamvad.gov.in/store/document/HR-Review-January-2013.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>2006, India Today International, Volume 5, Issues 1-12, Page 78. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k7YaAQAAIAAJ&q=Haryana+state+industrial+and+infrastructure+development+corporation" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=k7YaAQAAIAAJ&q=Haryana+state+industrial+and+infrastructure+development+corporation</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Gurugram News: मानेसर जिला बना तो शहर की तर्ज पर होगा गांवों का विकास". AmarUjala. 20 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023. <a href="https://www.amarujala.com/delhi-ncr/gurgaon/if-manesar-district-is-formed-villages-will-develop-on-the-lines-of-the-city-gurgaon-news-c-24-1-noi1094-16757-2023-10-20" target="_blank">https://www.amarujala.com/delhi-ncr/gurgaon/if-manesar-district-is-formed-villages-will-develop-on-the-lines-of-the-city-gurgaon-news-c-24-1-noi1094-16757-2023-10-20</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Compensate Gurgaon farmers at current rates: court". Hindustan Times. 14 May 2014. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517130751/http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/compensate-gurgaon-farmers-at-current-rates-court-tells-builders/article1-1219196.aspx" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20140517130751/http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/compensate-gurgaon-farmers-at-current-rates-court-tells-builders/article1-1219196.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Tanushree Roy Chowdhury (22 December 2010). "Villagers fume after Haryana CM skips KMP meet". The Times Of India. TNN. Retrieved 7 February 2011. <a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Villagers-fume-after-Haryana-CM-skips-KMP-meet/articleshow/7141757.cms?referral=PM" target="_blank">http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Villagers-fume-after-Haryana-CM-skips-KMP-meet/articleshow/7141757.cms?referral=PM</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Compensate Gurgaon farmers at current rates: court". Hindustan Times. 14 May 2014. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517130751/http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/compensate-gurgaon-farmers-at-current-rates-court-tells-builders/article1-1219196.aspx" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20140517130751/http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/compensate-gurgaon-farmers-at-current-rates-court-tells-builders/article1-1219196.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Sura, Ajay (2 February 2018). "Manesar land scam: Ex-Haryana CM Bhupinder Singh Hooda chargesheeted". Times of India. Retrieved 4 March 2022. <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/manesar-land-scam-former-haryana-cm-bhupinder-singh-hooda-chargesheeted/articleshow/62755290.cms" target="_blank">https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/manesar-land-scam-former-haryana-cm-bhupinder-singh-hooda-chargesheeted/articleshow/62755290.cms</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Sura, Ajay (2 February 2018). "Manesar land scam: Ex-Haryana CM Bhupinder Singh Hooda chargesheeted". Times of India. Retrieved 4 March 2022. <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/manesar-land-scam-former-haryana-cm-bhupinder-singh-hooda-chargesheeted/articleshow/62755290.cms" target="_blank">https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/manesar-land-scam-former-haryana-cm-bhupinder-singh-hooda-chargesheeted/articleshow/62755290.cms</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Saini, Manvir (24 February 2018). "Bhupinder Singh Hooda's nephew among beneficiaries of Manesar land scam: Chargesheet". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 March 2022. <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/ex-cm-hoodas-nephew-among-beneficiaries-of-manesar-land-scam-chargesheet/articleshow/63050556.cms" target="_blank">https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/ex-cm-hoodas-nephew-among-beneficiaries-of-manesar-land-scam-chargesheet/articleshow/63050556.cms</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Vaidyanathan, A; Sanyal, Anindita (13 March 2018). ""Nothing But Fraud": Supreme Court Scraps Haryana Land Deals Under BS Hooda Rule". NDT. Retrieved 4 March 2022. <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-slams-hooda-government-scraps-illegal-land-acquisition-in-haryana-1823030" target="_blank">https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-slams-hooda-government-scraps-illegal-land-acquisition-in-haryana-1823030</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Gurugram News: मानेसर जिला बना तो शहर की तर्ज पर होगा गांवों का विकास". AmarUjala. 20 October 2023. 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"Gurugram: Civic area to grow manifold, 2nd corporation by 2021 | Gurgaon News". The Times of India. Retrieved 8 December 2020. <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/civic-area-to-grow-manifold-2nd-corpn-by-21/articleshow/79180858.cms" target="_blank">https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/civic-area-to-grow-manifold-2nd-corpn-by-21/articleshow/79180858.cms</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>"Haryana cabinet approves municipal corporation for Manesar". Hindustan Times. 23 December 2020. 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