Dharmendra Modha

<h2 id="personal-life">Personal life</h2>
<p>Modha holds a BTech in Computer Science and Engineering from <a href="/facts/Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Bombay/doqFmgM1">IIT Bombay</a> (1990),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> India and a PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering from <a href="/facts/University_of_California,_San_Diego/srMClpNv">UCSD</a>. He received his PhD at the Jacobs School of Engineering in 1995 and is now manager of Cognitive Computing at IBM's Almaden Research Center and a Master Inventor. He is a Senior Member of IEEE and a member of AAAS, ACM, and SfN.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a>
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<h2 id="achievements">Achievements</h2>
<p>Modha is manager of the Cognitive Computing group at IBM's Almaden Research Center. He chaired IBM's 2006 Almaden Institute on Cognitive Computing, co-chaired Cognitive Computing 2007 at Berkeley, CA, and was a speaker at the Decade of the Mind Symposium in May 2007. He is the Principal Investigator for <a href="/facts/SyNAPSE/hRvYKmrl">DARPA SyNAPSE</a> proposal that brought together IBM (Almaden, Watson, Zurich, India), Stanford University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Cornell University, Columbia University, and University of California at Merced to embark upon the ambitious quest of cognitive computing to engineer intelligent business machines by reverse-engineering the computational function of the brain and delivering it in a small, energy efficient chip.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> Over the last two decades, he has founded two start-up companies, been issued 26 U.S. patents and has authored over 40 publications in international journals and conferences.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a>
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<h2 id="recognition">Recognition</h2>
<ul><li>He performed cortical simulations at scale of cat cerebral cortex (1 billion neurons, 10 trillion synapses) only 100x slower than real-time on a 147,456 processor BlueGene/P supercomputer. This work received ACM's Gordon Bell Prize.</li>
<li>At IBM, he has won the Pat Goldberg Memorial Best Paper award, an Outstanding Innovation Award, an Outstanding Technical Achievement Award, and Communication Systems Best Paper Award.</li>
<li>He is currently an <a href="/facts/IBM_Fellow/QPNjQIs7">IBM Fellow</a>.</li>
<li>He is currently an IBM Master Inventor.</li></ul>
<h2 id="criticism">Criticism</h2>
<ul><li>The validity of the cat brain simulation project has been called into question by competing neuroscience researchers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li></ul>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>

<ul><li><a href="http://www.modha.org/">Dharmendra S Modha's Cognitive Computing Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/13/jobs/when-debate-stalls-try-your-paintbrush.html">New York Times article by Dharmendra Modha from October 13, 2013 on the experience of managing a multi disciplinary team, "When Debate Stalls, Try Your Paintbrush"</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>"IBM plans 'brain-like' computers". BBC News. 21 November 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2010. <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sci/tech/7740484.stm" target="_blank">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sci/tech/7740484.stm</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>"Center for Consciousness Center, Tucson, Arizona". Retrieved 11 May 2010. <a href="http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm" target="_blank">http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>"Point of View with Dharmendra Modha". University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 11 May 2010. <a href="http://www-chancellor.ucsd.edu/pov_modha.html" target="_blank">http://www-chancellor.ucsd.edu/pov_modha.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>"When Will We Be Able to Build Brains Like Ours?". Scientific American. 27 April 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010. <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=when-build-brains-like-ours" target="_blank">http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=when-build-brains-like-ours</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>"The ACM Gordon Bell Prize". Retrieved 11 May 2010. <a href="http://sc08.supercomputing.org/?pg=gordonbell.html" target="_blank">http://sc08.supercomputing.org/?pg=gordonbell.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:6"><p>"10 to the 14th power" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160418214816/http://www.modha.org/blog/SC12/RJ10502.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160418214816/http://www.modha.org/blog/SC12/RJ10502.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:7"><p>Service, Robert F. (2014). "The brain chip". Science. 345 (6197): 614–616. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..614S. doi:10.1126/science.345.6197.614. PMID 25104367. Retrieved 21 November 2012. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.345.6197.614" target="_blank">https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.345.6197.614</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:8"><p>Merolla, Paul A.; Arthur, John V.; Alvarez-Icaza, Rodrigo; Cassidy, Andrew S.; Sawada, Jun; Akopyan, Filipp; Jackson, Bryan L.; Imam, Nabil; Guo, Chen; Nakamura, Yutaka; Brezzo, Bernard; Vo, Ivan; Esser, Steven K.; Appuswamy, Rathinakumar; Taba, Brian; Amir, Arnon; Flickner, Myron D.; Risk, William P.; Manohar, Rajit; Modha, Dharmendra S. (2014). "A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface". Science. 345 (6197): 668–673. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..668M. doi:10.1126/science.1254642. PMID 25104385. S2CID 12706847. Retrieved 21 November 2012. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.1254642" target="_blank">https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.1254642</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:9"><p>Debole, Michael V.; Taba, Brian; Amir, Arnon; Akopyan, Filipp; Andreopoulos, Alexander; Risk, William P.; Kusnitz, Jeff; Ortega Otero, Carlos; Nayak, Tapan K.; Appuswamy, Rathinakumar; Carlson, Peter J.; Cassidy, Andrew S.; Datta, Pallab; Esser, Steven K.; Garreau, Guillaume J.; Holland, Kevin L.; Lekuch, Scott; Mastro, Michael; McKinstry, Jeff; Di Nolfo, Carmelo; Paulovicks, Brent; Sawada, Jun; Schleupen, Kai; Shaw, Benjamin G.; Klamo, Jennifer L.; Flickner, Myron D.; Arthur, John V.; Modha, Dharmendra S. (2019). "TrueNorth Accelerating From Zero to 64 Million Neurons in 10 Years". Computer. 52 (5): 20–29. doi:10.1109/MC.2019.2903009. S2CID 155108891. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:10"><p>"Distinguished Alumnus". Retrieved 27 October 2016. <a href="http://www.alumni.iitb.ac.in/alumni/en/awards/2015/distinguished-alumnus/dr-dharmendra-s-modha" target="_blank">http://www.alumni.iitb.ac.in/alumni/en/awards/2015/distinguished-alumnus/dr-dharmendra-s-modha</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:11"><p>Dharmendra S modha <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37283807800" target="_blank">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37283807800</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:12"><p>"Center for Consciousness Center . Tucson . Arizona". www.consciousness.arizona.edu. Archived from the original on 17 February 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100217191626/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100217191626/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:13"><p>"Center for Consciousness Center . Tucson . Arizona". www.consciousness.arizona.edu. Archived from the original on 17 February 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100217191626/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100217191626/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:14"><p>"Neurdon – All things Neural and Artificially Intelligent". <a href="http://www.neurdon.com/2009/11/19/the-subtle-difference-between-simulating-brains-and-number-of-cells/#more-929" target="_blank">http://www.neurdon.com/2009/11/19/the-subtle-difference-between-simulating-brains-and-number-of-cells/#more-929</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:15"><p>"Center for Consciousness Center . Tucson . Arizona". www.consciousness.arizona.edu. Archived from the original on 17 February 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100217191626/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100217191626/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/2010TSCPlenaryModha.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:16"><p>"Another Perspective on Massive Brain Simulations". Scientific American. <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/massive-brain-simulators-seung-conntectome/" target="_blank">http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/massive-brain-simulators-seung-conntectome/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
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Dharmendra Modha open-in-new

Dharmendra Modha