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Starship Technologies
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<h2 id="history">History </h2> <p>Starship Technologies was founded by <a href="/facts/Skype/qdKbuh23">Skype</a> co-founders <a href="/facts/Janus_Friis/ypwS6HKb">Janus Friis</a> and <a href="/facts/Ahti_Heinla/bG0bNt1a">Ahti Heinla</a> in 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> Heinla and Friis had taken part in a <a href="/facts/NASA/TIMCV0yV">NASA</a> competition, the <a href="/facts/Centennial_Challenges/vMw3l3fP">Centennial Challenge</a>, to design and build autonomous robots to retrieve geological samples. While their team (named 'Kuukulgur', or 'Moon Rover') did not win the competition, Heinla and Friis began working to apply the technology they had developed to the problem of <a href="/facts/Last_mile_(transportation)/l6Twabyl">last mile</a> delivery following a meeting in London.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> Starship Technologies <a href="/facts/Private_limited_company/ax0as47z">OÜ</a> was registered on 11 June 2014 in Tallinn, Estonia.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Starship Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was registered in <a href="/facts/San_Francisco/cb9l7hbC">San Francisco</a>, United States, on 28 September 2016.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>Starship Technologies launched pilot services in 2016, in the US and the UK among other countries, with commercial services launched in 2017.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> In April 2018, Starship launched its autonomous delivery service in Milton Keynes in partnership with <a href="/facts/Co-operatives_UK/usa0C9Qj">Co-op</a> and <a href="/facts/Tesco/Xjn7VFmo">Tesco</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> In March 2020, Starship became the first robot delivery service to operate in a British town center with the rollout of its service in Central Milton Keynes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> By November 2020, Starship claimed that Milton Keynes had the 'world's largest autonomous robot fleet'.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> By March 2023 the company was delivering in seven British cities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p><p>In January 2019, Starship partnered with <a href="/facts/Sodexo/Wm4FXf7v">Sodexo</a> to launch robot food delivery services at <a href="/facts/George_Mason_University/rWKeeMrh">George Mason University</a> in Virginia, US. With a fleet of 25 robots at launch, this was the largest implementation of autonomous robot food delivery services on a university campus at that time.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> In 2019, it expanded its services to six other US universities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> and in 2020 to two more.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>In March 2020, following the start of the <a href="/facts/COVID-19/YsUgvsaX">COVID-19</a> pandemic, Starship made many redundancies. However, half a year later, and after the US universities reopened, it rehired many of the staff.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> </p><p>In 2022, a video of a Starship robot being run over by a <a href="/facts/Train/0mkFQDg9">train</a> at a <a href="/facts/Level_crossing/mUGbbLGF">level crossing</a> near <a href="/facts/James_Madison_University/FUrKBSAF">James Madison University</a> campus circulated online, highlighting the possibility of robots being stuck in unanticipated obstacles.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> </p><p>In 2022, the company announced the launch of delivery services in Finland.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> </p><p>As of October 2024, Starship's fleet of more than 2,000 robots worldwide had completed 7 million deliveries, driven over 8.5 million miles, and made 150,000 daily road crossings.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="operations">Operations</h2> <p>Starship develops and operates electrically-powered <a href="/facts/Last_mile_(transportation)/l6Twabyl">last mile</a> delivery robots. The robots ride on sidewalks with a maximum speed of 6 kilometres per hour (3.7 mph) (pedestrian speed), can be <a href="/facts/Remote_control_vehicle/lXSTQCm7">remotely controlled</a> if autonomous operation fails, and are only used for relatively short-distance local delivery.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> The robots use <a href="/facts/Feature_detection_(computer_vision)/GdfWRp5U">feature detection</a> of edges and <a href="/facts/Robotic_mapping/W9jnGGKe">mapping techniques</a> to determine the suitability of navigable terrain.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> They weigh 55 pounds (25 kg) unloaded, and can carry up to 20 pounds (9.1 kg) of deliveries.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> Their average battery life is 18 hours, and the typical robot can travel around 40 km per day.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> The robots are equipped with a sensor suite that includes ten <a href="/facts/Stereo_camera/jkeqCnlm">stereo</a> and <a href="/facts/Time-of-flight_camera/jwaYG1VG">time-of-flight cameras</a>, <a href="/facts/GPS/DKVLnzF3">GPS</a>, <a href="/facts/Ultrasonic_transducer/6Ala5r9z">ultrasonic sensors</a>, <a href="/facts/Radar/jk9BTbFA">radar</a> and <a href="/facts/Inertial_measurement_unit/IEsFdrtm">inertial measurement</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> The robots have <a href="/facts/Loudspeaker/tqEjnJ2z">loudspeakers</a> to communicate with humans they meet, with a range of optional voices and characters and the ability to play music.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> Users order Starship deliveries using the company's app or through the existing platforms of retail partners.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> Once deliveries arrive, users unlock the robots through biometric identity verification.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> </p><p>Before operating commercially the service was tested in over 100 cities and 20 countries around the world.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> During the COVID-19 pandemic, Starship expanded the number of delivery robots used for grocery in the UK<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> and the US to help with the delivery driver shortage.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a> As of October 2024, the company operates in over 100 locations in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Finland and Estonia.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> </p><p>Between 2018 and 2021, Starship Technologies worked with <a href="/facts/Milton_Keynes_Council/0bGRIKUl">Milton Keynes Council</a> to conduct a study reviewing the impact of zero-emissions robots in cities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a> According to the report, Starship's robots "prevented 280,000 car journeys, and over 500,000 miles travelled in cars, leading to 137 tons of CO2 saved, and 22 kg of <a href="/facts/NOx/aC4Squ7z">NOx</a> saved during the study period".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> </p><p>Economically, Starship's robots are considered to be cheaper than human-staffed delivery services. In 2018, Starship claimed that its robots cost US$5500, and hoped to reduce this to $2250.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="corporate-matters">Corporate matters</h2> <p>The Starship's original headquarters were established in London but were moved to <a href="/facts/San_Francisco/cb9l7hbC">San Francisco</a> in 2018.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> </p><p>In 2014–2018, <a href="/facts/Allan_Martinson/7Hd9CmC6">Allan Martinson</a> served as the <a href="/facts/Chief_operating_officer/2tbaQsmn">chief operating officer</a> of Starship.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a> In 2018, the <a href="/facts/Chief_executive_officer/mg4A8y5M">chief executive officer</a> Ahti Heinla switched to the position of the <a href="/facts/Chief_technology_officer/0JRJyEoL">chief technology officer</a> and Lex Bayer, <a href="/facts/Airbnb/EP95k6Rr">Airbnb</a>'s former head of business development, payments, and Airbnb for business, was hired as the new CEO.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> Starship hired Alastair Westgarth, former CEO of Google X company, <a href="/facts/Loon_LLC/nuKulDm1">Loon</a>, as their CEO in June 2021.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a> Westgarth left the company and Heinla returned as chief executive in December 2023.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a> </p><p>By 2019, Starship had received US$85 million in venture funding.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a> In addition to Janus Friis and Ahti Heinla, other investors include <a href="/facts/Airbnb/EP95k6Rr">Airbnb</a> co-founder <a href="/facts/Nathan_Blecharczyk/PBRwpr95">Nathan Blecharczyk</a>, Skype founding engineer <a href="/facts/Jaan_Tallinn/np2o3deU">Jaan Tallinn</a>, Morpheus Ventures, <a href="/facts/Shasta_Ventures/4mITW339">Shasta Ventures</a>, <a href="/facts/Matrix_Partners/Jz30393c">Matrix Partners</a>, MetaPlanet Holdings, <a href="/facts/Daimler_AG/KfdR8UTS">Daimler AG</a>, <a href="/facts/Grishin_Robotics/S8Jyz9RR">Grishin Robotics</a>, ZX Ventures, Playfair Capital and others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> </p><p>In January 2022, Starship received a €50 million investment from the <a href="/facts/European_Investment_Bank/uXIa0lkR">European Investment Bank</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> In March 2022 the company raised $100 million in investments, bringing total investment raised to $202 million.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> </p><p>In February 2024 the company raised $90 million led by Plural and Iconical, bringing equity funding to $230 million and another €50 million long term loan facilities by the European Investment bank in January of 2022.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a> </p><p>Starship also announced a partnership with <a href="/facts/Veriff/kCGWl9gj">Veriff</a> in January 2022 to provide authentication and re-verification services for its fleet of autonomous delivery robots in the UK.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> This partnership made Starship the first company to create a fully autonomous end-to-end delivery service for age-restricted items.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="images">Images</h2> Starship Technologies robots in action <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Delivery_robot/LcPSUhQx">Delivery robot</a> – Autonomous robot for "last mile" delivery <ul><li><a href="/facts/Nuro/6AEwr2Ax">Nuro</a>, a similar autonomous delivery vehicle, though larger at the size of a tiny car, and driving on the road.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Amazon_Scout/gIMIpqxN">Amazon Scout</a> – Robot used to deliver Amazon packages</li> <li><a href="/facts/Zipline_(drone_delivery_company)/S1A5tSXB">Zipline (drone delivery company)</a> – Company that delivers medical supplies by drone</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Vehicular_automation/hhmnmpcu">Vehicular automation</a> – Automation for various purposes of vehicles <ul><li><a href="/facts/Self-driving_car/KXeFywXS">Self-driving car</a> – Vehicle operated with reduced human input</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Starship Technologies. <ul><li><a href="https://www.starship.xyz/">Official website</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Lunden, Ingrid (25 January 2022). "Starship Technologies picks up €50M from the EU's investment arm to expand its fleet of autonomous delivery robots". TechCrunch. Retrieved 25 January 2022. <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2022/01/25/starship-technologies-picks-up-e50m-from-the-eus-investment-arm-to-expand-its-fleet-of-autonomous-delivery-robots/" target="_blank">https://techcrunch.com/2022/01/25/starship-technologies-picks-up-e50m-from-the-eus-investment-arm-to-expand-its-fleet-of-autonomous-delivery-robots/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Allan Martinson: the perfect storm for Estonian startups". Enterprise Estonia. December 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2020. <a href="https://estonia.ee/allan-martinson-the-perfect-storm-for-estonian-startups/" target="_blank">https://estonia.ee/allan-martinson-the-perfect-storm-for-estonian-startups/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"About Us". Starship Technologies. 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016. <a href="https://www.starship.xyz/about-us/" target="_blank">https://www.starship.xyz/about-us/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Vartabedian, Marc (1 March 2022). "Starship, a Robot Food-Delivery Startup, Nets $100 Million". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 30 March 2022. <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/starship-a-robot-food-delivery-startup-nets-100-million-11646184462" target="_blank">https://www.wsj.com/articles/starship-a-robot-food-delivery-startup-nets-100-million-11646184462</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Sawers, Paul (31 October 2018). "Starship Technologies launches commercial package delivery service using autonomous robots". VentureBeat. Retrieved 13 June 2020. <a href="https://venturebeat.com/2018/10/31/starship-technologies-launches-commercial-package-delivery-service-using-autonomous-robots/" target="_blank">https://venturebeat.com/2018/10/31/starship-technologies-launches-commercial-package-delivery-service-using-autonomous-robots/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Allan Martinson: the perfect storm for Estonian startups". Enterprise Estonia. December 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2020. <a href="https://estonia.ee/allan-martinson-the-perfect-storm-for-estonian-startups/" target="_blank">https://estonia.ee/allan-martinson-the-perfect-storm-for-estonian-startups/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Starship Technologies OÜ". e-Krediidiinfo (in Estonian). Retrieved 13 June 2020. <a href="https://www.e-krediidiinfo.ee/12673365-STARSHIP%20TECHNOLOGIES%20O%C3%9C" target="_blank">https://www.e-krediidiinfo.ee/12673365-STARSHIP%20TECHNOLOGIES%20O%C3%9C</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Statement and Designation by Foreign Corporation. Starship Technologies, Inc". Alex Padilla, California Secretary of State. Retrieved 13 June 2020. <a href="https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=03949600-21327976" target="_blank">https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=03949600-21327976</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Kottasova, Ivana (3 November 2015). "Forget drones, here come delivery robots". CNN Business. Retrieved 14 June 2020. <a href="https://money.cnn.com/2015/11/03/technology/starship-delivery-robots/" target="_blank">https://money.cnn.com/2015/11/03/technology/starship-delivery-robots/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Farrell, Steve (1 April 2019). "Co-op expands robot deliveries to second store". The Grocer. Retrieved 14 June 2020. <a href="https://www.thegrocer.co.uk/co-op-expands-robot-deliveries-to-second-store/591944.article" target="_blank">https://www.thegrocer.co.uk/co-op-expands-robot-deliveries-to-second-store/591944.article</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Ingham, Lucy (16 March 2020). "Robot delivery service comes to first UK town centre". Verdict. Retrieved 14 June 2020. <a href="https://www.verdict.co.uk/robot-delivery-service-starship/" target="_blank">https://www.verdict.co.uk/robot-delivery-service-starship/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Milton Keynes now has 'world's largest autonomous robot fleet' as Starship expand further". Starship Technologies (Press release). Retrieved 6 November 2020 – via MKFM. <a href="https://www.mkfm.com/news/local-news/milton-keynes-now-has-worlds-largest-autonomous-robot-fleet-as-starship-expand-further/" target="_blank">https://www.mkfm.com/news/local-news/milton-keynes-now-has-worlds-largest-autonomous-robot-fleet-as-starship-expand-further/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Hern, Alex (15 March 2023). "Co-op hires delivery droids to drop groceries in Greater Manchester". The Guardian. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/mar/15/co-op-hires-delivery-droids-to-drop-groceries-in-greater-manchester" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/mar/15/co-op-hires-delivery-droids-to-drop-groceries-in-greater-manchester</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"World's Largest Fleet of Delivery Robots on a University Campus Launched by Sodexo and Starship Technologies" (Press release). Sodexo. 22 January 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2019. <a href="https://www.sodexousa.com/cms/render/live/en/sites/sdxcom-us/home/media/news-releases/newsListArea/news-releases/starship-technologies.html" target="_blank">https://www.sodexousa.com/cms/render/live/en/sites/sdxcom-us/home/media/news-releases/newsListArea/news-releases/starship-technologies.html</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Clark, Mary Lee (22 January 2019). "There are robots on campus—here's what you need to know". George Mason University. Retrieved 1 April 2019. <a href="https://www2.gmu.edu/news/574036" target="_blank">https://www2.gmu.edu/news/574036</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff, Purdue University in West Lafayette, University of Pittsburgh, James Madison University in Virginia, University of Wisconsin in Madison, University of Houston, and University of Texas at Dallas <a href="/wiki/Northern_Arizona_University" target="_blank">/wiki/Northern_Arizona_University</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Repko, Melissa (6 January 2020). "On University of Texas at Dallas' growing campus, meal-delivering robots make splashy debut". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 8 January 2020. <a href="https://www.dallasnews.com/business/technology/2019/12/26/on-university-of-texas-at-dallas-growing-campus-meal-delivering-robots-make-splashy-debut/" target="_blank">https://www.dallasnews.com/business/technology/2019/12/26/on-university-of-texas-at-dallas-growing-campus-meal-delivering-robots-make-splashy-debut/</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>University of Mississippi and Bowling Green State University <a href="/wiki/University_of_Mississippi" target="_blank">/wiki/University_of_Mississippi</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Dewitt, Emily (6 February 2020). "New Food Delivery Robots Generally Well Accepted After First Week". HottyToddy.com. Retrieved 6 March 2020. <a href="https://hottytoddy.com/2020/02/06/new-food-delivery-robots-generally-well-accepted-after-first-week/" target="_blank">https://hottytoddy.com/2020/02/06/new-food-delivery-robots-generally-well-accepted-after-first-week/</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Bratton, Michael (20 February 2020). "Robots roam BGSU as part of incoming food delivery service". 13 ABC. Retrieved 21 February 2020. <a href="https://www.13abc.com/content/news/Robots-roam-BGSU-campus-as-part-of-incoming-food-delivery-service-568064451.html" target="_blank">https://www.13abc.com/content/news/Robots-roam-BGSU-campus-as-part-of-incoming-food-delivery-service-568064451.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"'Hello, I'm a Starship Delivery Robot' — BGSU starts autonomous service". Sentinel-Tribune. 20 February 2020. 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