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Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1
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<h2 id="function">Function</h2> <p>PIT1 is part of the <a href="/facts/POU_family/soXM5Plx">POU family</a> of transcription factors.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> It is expressed by <a href="/facts/Somatotroph/05Vx6XyG">somatotrophic</a> cells,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> as well as <a href="/facts/Thyrotropic_cell/0GshhF0L">thyrotrophs</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Lactotroph/kjNKITxL">lactotrophs</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> of the anterior pituitary gland. It contains a C-terminal domain for transactivation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Another domain is DNA binding—its C-terminal portion is homologous to the <a href="/facts/Homeodomain/bpvuuw3v">homeodomain</a> consensus,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> common to many genes involved in development, while the other portion is POU specific, affords PIT1 specificity in its transcriptional activation of the <a href="/facts/Prolactin/NcdqrzFU">prolactin</a> and growth hormone genes and is involved in protein-protein interactions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> Activity on <a href="/facts/TSHB/v31qHkwK">thyroid stimulating hormone-beta</a> expression is also known for PIT1.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="interactions">Interactions</h2> <p>Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 has been shown to <a href="/facts/Protein-protein_interaction/etvm9Wmg">interact</a> with <a href="/facts/GATA2/weXBRFRt">GATA2</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/PITX1/8M85ecWC">PITX1</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Parks JS, Brown MR (1999). "Transcription factors regulating pituitary development". <i>Growth Horm. IGF Res</i>. 9 Suppl B: 2–8, discussion 8–11. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1096-6374%2899%2980074-4">10.1016/S1096-6374(99)80074-4</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10549299">10549299</a>.</li> <li>Rodriguez R, Andersen B (2003). "Cellular determination in the anterior pituitary gland: PIT-1 and PROP-1 mutations as causes of human combined pituitary hormone deficiency". <i>Minerva Endocrinol</i>. 28 (2): 123–33. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12717343">12717343</a>.</li> <li>Quentien MH, Barlier A, Franc JL, Pellegrini I, Brue T, Enjalbert A (2006). "Pituitary transcription factors: from congenital deficiencies to gene therapy". <i>J. Neuroendocrinol</i>. 18 (9): 633–42. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2826.2006.01461.x">10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01461.x</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16879162">16879162</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21835164">21835164</a>.</li> <li>Cattini PA, Yang X, Jin Y, Detillieux KA (2006). "Regulation of the human growth hormone gene family: possible role for Pit-1 in early stages of pituitary-specific expression and repression". <i>Neuroendocrinology</i>. 83 (3–4): 145–53. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000095522">10.1159/000095522</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17047377">17047377</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:34757447">34757447</a>.</li> <li>Li X, Giachelli CM (2007). "Sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters and vascular calcification". <i>Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens</i>. 16 (4): 325–8. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2FMNH.0b013e3281c55ef1">10.1097/MNH.0b013e3281c55ef1</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17565274">17565274</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:25963053">25963053</a>.</li> <li>Tatsumi K, Miyai K, Notomi T, Kaibe K, Amino N, Mizuno Y, Kohno H (1993). "Cretinism with combined hormone deficiency caused by a mutation in the PIT1 gene". <i>Nat. Genet</i>. 1 (1): 56–8. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fng0492-56">10.1038/ng0492-56</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1302000">1302000</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:36138691">36138691</a>.</li> <li>Tatsumi K, Notomi T, Amino N, Miyai K (1992). "Nucleotide sequence of the complementary DNA for human Pit-1/GHF-1". <i>Biochim. Biophys. Acta</i>. 1129 (2): 231–4. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0167-4781%2892%2990494-k">10.1016/0167-4781(92)90494-k</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1370379">1370379</a>.</li> <li>Ohta K, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Fujimoto S, Matsuo N, Inagaki H, Endo F, Matsuda I (1993). "Mutations in the Pit-1 gene in children with combined pituitary hormone deficiency". <i>Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun</i>. 189 (2): 851–5. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0006-291X%2892%2992281-2">10.1016/0006-291X(92)92281-2</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1472057">1472057</a>.</li> <li>Ohta K, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Ohta T, Tohma T, Jinno Y, Endo F, Matsuda I (1993). "Characterization of the gene encoding human pituitary-specific transcription factor, Pit-1". <i>Gene</i>. 122 (2): 387–8. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0378-1119%2892%2990234-G">10.1016/0378-1119(92)90234-G</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1487156">1487156</a>.</li> <li>Radovick S, Nations M, Du Y, Berg LA, Weintraub BD, Wondisford FE (1992). "A mutation in the POU-homeodomain of Pit-1 responsible for combined pituitary hormone deficiency". <i>Science</i>. 257 (5073): 1115–8. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Sci...257.1115R">1992Sci...257.1115R</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1115">10.1126/science.257.5073.1115</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1509262">1509262</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:33620091">33620091</a>.</li> <li>Pfäffle RW, DiMattia GE, Parks JS, Brown MR, Wit JM, Jansen M, Van der Nat H, Van den Brande JL, Rosenfeld MG, Ingraham HA (1992). "Mutation of the POU-specific domain of Pit-1 and hypopituitarism without pituitary hypoplasia". <i>Science</i>. 257 (5073): 1118–21. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Sci...257.1118P">1992Sci...257.1118P</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1118">10.1126/science.257.5073.1118</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1509263">1509263</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32400112">32400112</a>.</li> <li>Lew AM, Elsholtz HP (1991). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC329149">"Cloning of the human cDNA for transcription factor Pit-1"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Res</i>. 19 (22): 6329. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2F19.22.6329">10.1093/nar/19.22.6329</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC329149">329149</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1956794">1956794</a>.</li> <li>He X, Treacy MN, Simmons DM, Ingraham HA, Swanson LW, Rosenfeld MG (1989). "Expression of a large family of POU-domain regulatory genes in mammalian brain development". <i>Nature</i>. 340 (6228): 35–41. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989Natur.340...35H">1989Natur.340...35H</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F340035a0">10.1038/340035a0</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2739723">2739723</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4275887">4275887</a>.</li> <li>Herr W, Sturm RA, Clerc RG, Corcoran LM, Baltimore D, Sharp PA, Ingraham HA, Rosenfeld MG, Finney M, Ruvkun G (1989). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgad.2.12a.1513">"The POU domain: a large conserved region in the mammalian pit-1, oct-1, oct-2, and Caenorhabditis elegans unc-86 gene products"</a>. <i>Genes Dev</i>. 2 (12A): 1513–6. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgad.2.12a.1513">10.1101/gad.2.12a.1513</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3215510">3215510</a>.</li> <li>de Zegher F, Pernasetti F, Vanhole C, Devlieger H, Van den Berghe G, Martial JA (1995). "The prenatal role of thyroid hormone evidenced by fetomaternal Pit-1 deficiency". <i>J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab</i>. 80 (11): 3127–30. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fjcem.80.11.7593413">10.1210/jcem.80.11.7593413</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7593413">7593413</a>.</li> <li>Bamberger AM, Bamberger CM, Pu LP, Puy LA, Loh YP, Asa SL (1995). "Expression of pit-1 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in the human placenta". <i>J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab</i>. 80 (7): 2021–6. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fjcem.80.7.7608249">10.1210/jcem.80.7.7608249</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7608249">7608249</a>.</li> <li>Irie Y, Tatsumi K, Ogawa M, Kamijo T, Preeyasombat C, Suprasongsin C, Amino N (1995). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1507%2Fendocrj.42.351">"A novel E250X mutation of the PIT1 gene in a patient with combined pituitary hormone deficiency"</a>. <i>Endocr. J</i>. 42 (3): 351–4. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1507%2Fendocrj.42.351">10.1507/endocrj.42.351</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7670563">7670563</a>.</li> <li>Delhase M, Vila V, Hooghe-Peters EL, Castrillo JL (1995). "A novel pituitary transcription factor is produced by alternative splicing of the human GHF-1/PIT-1 gene". <i>Gene</i>. 155 (2): 273–5. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0378-1119%2894%2900757-J">10.1016/0378-1119(94)00757-J</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7721104">7721104</a>.</li> <li>Okamoto N, Wada Y, Ida S, Koga R, Ozono K, Chiyo H, Hayashi A, Tatsumi K (1995). "Monoallelic expression of normal mRNA in the PIT1 mutation heterozygotes with normal phenotype and biallelic expression in the abnormal phenotype". <i>Hum. Mol. Genet</i>. 3 (9): 1565–8. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhmg%2F3.9.1565">10.1093/hmg/3.9.1565</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7833912">7833912</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=PIT1+protein%2C+human">PIT1+protein,+human</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/facts/Medical_Subject_Headings/C57g2JuF">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li> <li><a href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=Transcription+Factor+Pit-1">Transcription+Factor+Pit-1</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/facts/Medical_Subject_Headings/C57g2JuF">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Entrez Gene: POU1F1 POU class 1 homeobox 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]". National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information. 23 November 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2024. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5449" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5449</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Symbol report for POU1F1". HGNC. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2024. <a href="https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/9210" target="_blank">https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/9210</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>O'Neill, Marla J.F. (22 September 2021) [Originally authored by Victor A. McKusick on 13 January 1989]. "POU DOMAIN, CLASS 1, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; POU1F1". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Retrieved 3 January 2024. <a href="https://omim.org/entry/173110" target="_blank">https://omim.org/entry/173110</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Bodner M, Castrillo JL, Theill LE, Deerinck T, Ellisman M, Karin M (1988). "The pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1 is a homeobox-containing protein". Cell. 55 (3): 505–518. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90037-2. PMID 2902927. S2CID 26376487. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Vallette-Kasic S, Pellegrini-Bouiller I, Sampieri F, Gunz G, Diaz A, Radovic S, Enjalbert A, Brue T (2001). "Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency due to the F135C Human Pit-1 (Pituitary-Specific Factor 1) Gene Mutation: Functional and Structural Correlates". Molecular Endocrinology. 15 (3): 411–420. doi:10.1210/mend.15.3.0601. PMID 11222742. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Cohen LE, Wondisford FE, Radovick S (1996). "Role of Pit-1 in the gene expression of growth hormone, prolactin, and thyrotropin". Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America. 25 (3): 523–540. doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70339-x. PMID 8879985. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Vallette-Kasic S, Pellegrini-Bouiller I, Sampieri F, Gunz G, Diaz A, Radovic S, Enjalbert A, Brue T (2001). "Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency due to the F135C Human Pit-1 (Pituitary-Specific Factor 1) Gene Mutation: Functional and Structural Correlates". Molecular Endocrinology. 15 (3): 411–420. doi:10.1210/mend.15.3.0601. PMID 11222742. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Bodner M, Castrillo JL, Theill LE, Deerinck T, Ellisman M, Karin M (1988). "The pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1 is a homeobox-containing protein". Cell. 55 (3): 505–518. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90037-2. PMID 2902927. S2CID 26376487. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Vallette-Kasic S, Pellegrini-Bouiller I, Sampieri F, Gunz G, Diaz A, Radovic S, Enjalbert A, Brue T (2001). "Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency due to the F135C Human Pit-1 (Pituitary-Specific Factor 1) Gene Mutation: Functional and Structural Correlates". Molecular Endocrinology. 15 (3): 411–420. doi:10.1210/mend.15.3.0601. PMID 11222742. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Vallette-Kasic S, Pellegrini-Bouiller I, Sampieri F, Gunz G, Diaz A, Radovic S, Enjalbert A, Brue T (2001). "Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency due to the F135C Human Pit-1 (Pituitary-Specific Factor 1) Gene Mutation: Functional and Structural Correlates". Molecular Endocrinology. 15 (3): 411–420. doi:10.1210/mend.15.3.0601. PMID 11222742. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fmend.15.3.0601</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Dasen JS, O'Connell SM, Flynn SE, Treier M, Gleiberman AS, Szeto DP, Hooshmand F, Aggarwal AK, Rosenfeld MG (May 1999). "Reciprocal interactions of Pit1 and GATA2 mediate signaling gradient-induced determination of pituitary cell types". Cell. 97 (5): 587–98. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80770-9. PMID 10367888. S2CID 15737684. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2980770-9" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2980770-9</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Szeto DP, Ryan AK, O'Connell SM, Rosenfeld MG (July 1996). "P-OTX: a PIT-1-interacting homeodomain factor expressed during anterior pituitary gland development". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (15): 7706–10. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.7706S. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7706. PMC 38811. PMID 8755540. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC38811" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC38811</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>