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Cheese and crackers
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<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2> <p>Cheese and crackers is a common <a href="/facts/Snack/dCybSy0Y">snack food</a> or <i><a href="/facts/Hors_d%27oeuvre/trPwkXky">hors d'oeuvre</a></i> consisting of <a href="/facts/Cracker_(food)/0evv7A61">crackers</a> paired with various <a href="/facts/Cheese/JrG8nGCm">cheeses</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> In the United States it has also been served as a dessert, with the addition of ingredients such as jam, jelly, marmalade or preserves.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> It is also commonly served at parties in the U.S., and in the <a href="/facts/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States/9UnLdR0w">Southern United States</a>, it is relatively common for hot chili <a href="/facts/Pepper_jelly/D7Qny8FB">pepper jelly</a> to be served atop <a href="/facts/Cream_cheese/SdxgPq1j">cream cheese</a> and crackers at cocktail parties.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Cheese and crackers has a relatively high amount of protein, per the cheese as an ingredient.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>Cheese and crackers is a common <a href="/facts/Foodpairing/MIdsNax1">food pairing</a> that can serve to complement various cheeses, and the dish can be <a href="/facts/Wine_and_food_matching/qJ5aUjrQ">paired</a> with <a href="/facts/Wine/przCrC98">wines</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> The cheese can be sliced or cubed, and served separately with crackers or pre-placed atop the crackers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>Cheese and crackers has been consumed by various sailors such as immigrants, whalers and explorers before refrigeration existed, using <a href="/facts/Hardtack/klMBfToL">hardtack</a> crackers and cheese.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> It has also been consumed by various land explorers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p> <h3>United States</h3> <p>Cheese and crackers increased in popularity circa the 1850s, when bakers began producing thinner crackers with a lighter texture compared to hard tack.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> During this time period, the combination was placed on restaurant menus as an after-dessert course and was also served in <a href="/facts/Western_saloon/NIdUX682">saloons</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> Cheese and crackers was a <a href="/facts/Military_ration/xpNrjDjQ">food ration</a> used by soldiers during the <a href="/facts/American_Civil_War/A9FT3ksD">American Civil War</a> (1861–1865).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> Some soldiers at the time referred to cheese and crackers as a "square meal".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> Cheese and hardtack was consumed along with dried venison meat by <a href="/facts/Ezra_Meeker/w5UgrJQx">Ezra Meeker</a> during his time on the <a href="/facts/Oregon_Trail/npLsY0mo">Oregon Trail</a> in 1852.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> In 1915, mountaineer Philip Rogers consumed cheese and hardtack along with raisins and nuts during his expedition around <a href="/facts/Mount_Rainier/0qQg8PQa">Mount Rainier</a> in Washington state.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>By the beginning of the 20th century, cheese and crackers was being prepared in homes and cooked by baking it and adding additional ingredients after cooking, such as paprika and mustard. At this time, the combination was sometimes served with soups and salads, and was used on salads for decades thereafter.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> It was also commonly served at parties beginning around this time.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> It was consumed as a dessert, rather than after-dessert by some during the <a href="/facts/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States/WhukPD96">Great Depression in the United States</a>, and was often consumed by President <a href="/facts/Franklin_D._Roosevelt/HtG9vMQv">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> and <a href="/facts/Eleanor_Roosevelt/CoA36V6u">Eleanor Roosevelt</a> in the <a href="/facts/White_House/CJQc7dKF">White House</a> for dessert and snacks, along with other foods.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> </p><p>Beginning in the 1950s, cheese and crackers was recommended as a snack for children by parenting experts, <a href="/facts/Home_economist/aHcHSGqh">home economists</a> and authors of cookbooks.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> Consumption of the snack increased during the mid-1980s when <a href="/facts/Oscar_Mayer/BQgPDMDL">Oscar Mayer</a> introduced its <a href="/facts/Lunchables/rWFqW2PG">Lunchables</a> product, which included cheese, crackers and lunch meat, and occurred in part to boost the company's lunch meat sales.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="mass-production">Mass production</h2> <ul><li>Handi-Snacks are a <a href="/facts/Mass_production/31Cmgjuc">mass-produced</a> cheese and crackers snack food made by <a href="/facts/Kraft_Foods/oPKaNMam">Kraft Foods</a>, prepared using <a href="/facts/Processed_cheese/yFtzKxpf">processed cheese</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></li> <li>"Fancy cheese and crackers" was a cheese and crackers lunch product purveyed by <a href="/facts/Oscar_Mayer/BQgPDMDL">Oscar Mayer</a> in the mid-1980s that included additional foods such as lunch meat and a dessert.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lunchables/rWFqW2PG">Lunchables</a> is another Kraft brand launched in 1988 that includes cheese and crackers as ingredients in some of its products.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lunchly/C1LxIFp8">Lunchly</a> is a 2024 product similar to Lunchables.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="in-language">In language</h2> <p>The term "cheese and crackers" was used as a <a href="/facts/Minced_oath/eWIn1kIR">minced oath</a> in the United States in the 1920s (from "<a href="/facts/Jesus_H._Christ/rsGYv9T0">Jesus Christ!</a>"), and as a <a href="/facts/Slang/upCbLgcN">slang</a> term for <a href="/facts/Testicle/Doy40hoq">testicles</a> in the United Kingdom circa the late 1990s.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> It was the <a href="/facts/Catchphrase/N54QWsYr">catchphrase</a> of the <a href="/facts/Burlesque/93s5ChM3">burlesque</a> comic <a href="/facts/Billy_Hagan_(burlesque)/xcBhWQxu">Billy Hagan</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Food portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bagel_and_cream_cheese/Rj4Vs4I6">Bagel and cream cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Cheese_cracker/tUfafbhj">Cheese cracker</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_cheese_dishes/93KBKYHg">List of cheese dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_hors_d%27oeuvre/34lBpobu">List of hors d'oeuvre</a></li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Chaey, Christina (July 16, 2015). <a href="http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/article/snack-attacked-cheese-crackers">"Can Cheese and Crackers Be Good For You?"</a>. <i>Bon Appetit</i>. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</li> <li>Alexander, Saffron (December 15, 2016). <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/food-and-drink/news/secret-perfect-cheese-crackers-according-science/">"The secret to perfect cheese and crackers (according to science)"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://www.foodnetwork.com/quick-and-easy/packages/snacks/7-spins-on-cheese-and-crackers">7 Spins on Cheese and Crackers</a>. <a href="/facts/Food_Network/VsRqHa2F">Food Network</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Naylor, Tony (June 27, 2012). "How to eat: cheese and biscuits". The Guardian. Retrieved August 14, 2017. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/jun/27/how-eat-cheese-and-biscuits" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/jun/27/how-eat-cheese-and-biscuits</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Agriculture, United States. Dept. of (1919). Farmers' Bulletin. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 1-PA59. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TSRzxBBJhZwC&pg=RA1-PA59" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=TSRzxBBJhZwC&pg=RA1-PA59</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Harris, Jenn (June 23, 2016). "How to make your own next-level cheese and crackers". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="http://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-seeded-crackers-recipe-leona-2016-618-snap-story.html" target="_blank">http://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-seeded-crackers-recipe-leona-2016-618-snap-story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Agriculture, United States. Dept. of (1919). Farmers' Bulletin. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 1-PA59. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TSRzxBBJhZwC&pg=RA1-PA59" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=TSRzxBBJhZwC&pg=RA1-PA59</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Neal, B. (2009). Bill Neal's Southern Cooking. University of North Carolina Press. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-8078-8958-9. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="978-0-8078-8958-9" target="_blank">978-0-8078-8958-9</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Crosby, Carlynn (June 27, 2017). "Five ideas for party foods to bring to your potluck". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.tampabay.com/things-to-do/food/cooking/five-ideas-for-party-foods-to-bring-to-your-potluck/2328462/" target="_blank">https://www.tampabay.com/things-to-do/food/cooking/five-ideas-for-party-foods-to-bring-to-your-potluck/2328462/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Hammond, A.; Hamer, A.; Green, C.; Scott, D.L.; Pattison, D.; Bird, H.; Hurley, M. (2009). Arthritis Your Questions Answered. Q & A (DK Publishing, Inc.). DK Publishing. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-7566-5700-0. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="978-0-7566-5700-0" target="_blank">978-0-7566-5700-0</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Donnelly, C.; Kehler, M. (2016). The Oxford Companion to Cheese. Oxford Companions. Oxford University Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-19-933088-1. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="978-0-19-933088-1" target="_blank">978-0-19-933088-1</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Kennedy, K. (2010). The Art and Craft of Entertaining. Atria Books. p. 228. ISBN 978-1-4516-1260-8. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="978-1-4516-1260-8" target="_blank">978-1-4516-1260-8</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Crosby, Carlynn (June 27, 2017). "Five ideas for party foods to bring to your potluck". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.tampabay.com/things-to-do/food/cooking/five-ideas-for-party-foods-to-bring-to-your-potluck/2328462/" target="_blank">https://www.tampabay.com/things-to-do/food/cooking/five-ideas-for-party-foods-to-bring-to-your-potluck/2328462/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Mowry, W.A. (1914). Camp Life in the Civil War, Eleventh R.I. Infantry. p. 65. Retrieved August 9, 2017. <a href="https://archive.org/details/05839942.3142.emory.edu" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/05839942.3142.emory.edu</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>The United States Army and Navy Journal and Gazette of the Regular and Volunteer Forces. Army and Navy Journal Incorporated. 1876. p. 26. Retrieved August 9, 2017. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2io_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA26" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=2io_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA26</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Purvis, Jaime (July 7, 2016). "9 Nostalgic '90s Snacks We Want in Our Lunch Now". KIVI (in Kinyarwanda). Retrieved July 10, 2017.[permanent dead link] <a href="https://www.kivitv.com/news/9-nostalgic-90s-snacks-we-want-in-our-lunch-now" target="_blank">https://www.kivitv.com/news/9-nostalgic-90s-snacks-we-want-in-our-lunch-now</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Prepared Foods. Gorman Publishing Company. 1988. p. 133. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cr8gAQAAMAAJ" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=cr8gAQAAMAAJ</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Carroll, Abigail (September 13, 2014). "Cheese and crackers: a meal for the ages". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html" target="_blank">https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2014/09/13/cheese-and-crackers-meal-for-ages/av1K91Kxd8dbUPKBzRcItM/story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>"Turkey Stack 'ems - Turkey, Cheddar Cheese & Crackers - Lunchly". Lunchly. Retrieved 2025-02-11. <a href="https://lunchly.com/products/turkey-stackems" target="_blank">https://lunchly.com/products/turkey-stackems</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>Dalzell, T.; Victor, T. (2014). The Concise New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English. EBL-Schweitzer. Taylor & Francis. p. 155. ISBN 978-1-317-62512-4. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="978-1-317-62512-4" target="_blank">978-1-317-62512-4</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Dalzell, T. (2009). The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English. Routledge. p. 185. ISBN 978-0-415-37182-7. Retrieved July 10, 2017. <a href="978-0-415-37182-7" target="_blank">978-0-415-37182-7</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>"Billy "Cheese and Crackers" Hagan", Vaudeville Old & New: an encyclopedia of variety performances in America, vol. 1, Psychology Press, 2007, pp. 469–470, ISBN 9780415938532 <a href="9780415938532" target="_blank">9780415938532</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>