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Commander of NORAD
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<h2 id="list-of-deputy-commanders">List of deputy commanders</h2> <p>In recent years deputy commanders have always been Canadian air force <a href="/facts/Three-star_rank/RBQJs9Kk">lieutenant</a> <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces_ranks_and_insignia/21f7MIcE">generals</a>. Prior to the 1968 unification of the <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces/bxd17dtq">Canadian Forces</a>, the deputy commanders were <a href="/facts/RCAF/RcKdhuC3">RCAF</a> <a href="/facts/Air_Marshal/tLmHkJSq">Air Marshals</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> NORAD Deputy Commanders<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Number</th><th scope="col">Name</th><th scope="col">Photo</th><th scope="col">Start of term</th><th scope="col">End</th><th scope="col">Notable positions held before or after</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td><a href="/facts/Air_Marshal/tLmHkJSq">Air Marshal</a> <a href="/facts/Roy_Slemon/7yJMe5n1">Roy Slemon</a>, <a href="/facts/Order_of_the_Bath/as761RvN">CB</a>, <a href="/facts/Order_of_the_British_Empire/HlY9buuN">CBE</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>12 September 1957</td><td>14 August 1964</td><td>Chief of the Air Staff</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Air Marshal <a href="/facts/Clarence_Rupert_Dunlap/KBbgSFdF">Clarence Rupert Dunlap</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire/HlY9buuN">CBE</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>15 August 1964</td><td>25 August 1967</td><td>Chief of the Air Staff</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Air Marshal <a href="/facts/William_Ross_MacBrien/Al7VGlyH">William R. MacBrien</a> <a href="/facts/Order_of_the_British_Empire/HlY9buuN">OBE</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>26 August 1967</td><td>22 January 1969</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td><a href="/facts/Lieutenant-General_(Canada)/IDwcQsF5">Lieutenant-General</a> <a href="/facts/Frederick_Ralph_Sharp/c9kt8apC">Frederick Ralph Sharp</a> <a href="/facts/Order_of_Military_Merit_(Canada)/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_Kingdom)/IX8pTzQN">DFC</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>23 January 1969</td><td>14 September 1969</td><td><a href="/facts/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(Canada)/t4YrQuvF">Chief of the Defence Staff</a> (1969–1972)</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Edwin_Reyno/TnH4fbdS">Edwin Reyno</a></td><td></td><td>September 1969</td><td>August 1972</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Reginald_J._Lane/ftpTjoLm">Reginald J. Lane</a>, <a href="/facts/Distinguished_Service_Order/lftymFNY">DSO</a>, <a href="/facts/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_Kingdom)/IX8pTzQN">DFC</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>September 1972</td><td>October 1974</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Richard_C._Stovel/2PucroRU">Richard C. Stovel</a>, <a href="/facts/Air_Force_Cross_(United_Kingdom)/Pojng8Sv">AFC</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>October 1974</td><td>September 1976</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/David_R._Adamson/HuvYIjLa">David R. Adamson</a></td><td></td><td>September 1976</td><td>August 1978</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Kenneth_Lewis_(Canadian_general)/3F16JzTy">Kenneth E. Lewis</a></td><td></td><td>18 August 1978</td><td>24 June 1980</td><td>Commander of Air Command</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Kenneth_J._Thorneycroft/sLurSlBp">Kenneth J. Thorneycroft</a></td><td></td><td>June 1980</td><td>May 1983</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Donald_C._MacKenzie/tpVfKQIY">Donald C. MacKenzie</a></td><td></td><td>May 1983</td><td>August 1986</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Donald_McNaughton_(Canadian_general)/g3c3VcC7">Donald M. McNaughton</a></td><td></td><td>August 1986</td><td>August 1989</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Robert_W._Morton/YElL8jL3">Robert W. Morton</a>, CMM, CD</td><td></td><td>August 1989</td><td>August 1992</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Brian_L._Smith/N2D6e1dN">Brian L. Smith</a></td><td></td><td>August 1992</td><td>August 1994</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/J._D._O%27Blenis/nAfDfANR">J. D. O'Blenis</a></td><td></td><td>August 1994</td><td>August 1995</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Louis_Cuppens/N7waFq9j">L. W. F. Cuppens</a></td><td></td><td>August 1995</td><td>April 1998</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/George_Macdonald_(Canadian_general)/sduYP5rl">G E C Macdonald</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Royal_Victorian_Order/o3yjlYBp">MVO</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>April 1998</td><td>August 2001</td><td>Vice Chief of Defence Staff, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces/bxd17dtq">Canadian Forces</a> (2001-2004)</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Ken_R._Pennie/L2vjVUyD">Ken R. Pennie</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>8 August 2001</td><td>14 July 2003</td><td><a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Air_Force/cUslt2wh">Chief of the Air Staff</a> (2003–2005)</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td><a href="/facts/Lieutenant-General_(Canada)/IDwcQsF5">Lieutenant-General</a> <a href="/facts/Rick_Findley/I5cL5k1b">Rick Findley</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Meritorious_Service_Cross/d9V26gh0">MSC</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>14 July 2003</td><td>2 August 2007</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Charles_Bouchard/FJMtHNFx">Charles Bouchard</a>, <a href="/facts/Order_of_Canada/whrUUAHI">OC</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Meritorious_Service_Cross/d9V26gh0">MSC</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>2 August 2007</td><td>10 July 2009</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Marcel_Duval/08ejXzuK">Marcel Duval</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>10 July 2009</td><td>15 August 2011</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Thomas_J._Lawson/Jr9o4rtF">Thomas J. Lawson</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>15 August 2011</td><td>4 September 2012</td><td><a href="/facts/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(Canada)/t4YrQuvF">Chief of the Defence Staff</a></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Alain_Parent/aMLEz3PJ">Alain Parent</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>4 September 2012</td><td>1 July 2015</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>Lieutenant-General <a href="/facts/Pierre_St-Amand/lEB3PfaV">Pierre St-Amand</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6"> CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>1 July 2015</td><td>20 July 2018<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/Christopher_J._Coates/UNfbImXR">Christopher J. Coates</a>, <a href="/facts/Commander_of_the_Order_of_Military_Merit/PKvRYCG6">CMM</a>, <a href="/facts/Meritorious_Service_Medal_(Canada)/WG3orsUA">MSM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>20 July 2018<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></td><td>21 July 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>Lieutenant General Alain Pelletier, <a href="/facts/Meritorious_Service_Medal_(Canada)/WG3orsUA">MSM</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Forces%27_Decoration/XEQSxkXv">CD</a></td><td></td><td>21 July 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></td><td>2 June 2023</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>26</td><td>Lieutenant General Blaise F. Frawley</td><td></td><td>2 June 2023</td><td>present</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Veale, Thomas F. (2008). Guarding What You Value Most: North American Aerospace Defense Command, Celebrating 50 Years. Government Printing Office. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-16-080436-6. <a href="978-0-16-080436-6" target="_blank">978-0-16-080436-6</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"NORAD TOCA". NORAD Public Affairs. 20 July 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018. <a href="http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/" target="_blank">http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"NORAD TOCA". NORAD Public Affairs. 20 July 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018. <a href="http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/" target="_blank">http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>@NORADCommand (21 July 2020). "NORAD bids a fond farewell to Lieutenant-General Christopher Coates as he moves on to @CFOperations; and welcome ou…" (Tweet) – via Twitter. <a href="https://x.com/NORADCommand/status/1285672191510577157" target="_blank">https://x.com/NORADCommand/status/1285672191510577157</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"NORAD TOCA". NORAD Public Affairs. 20 July 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018. <a href="http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/" target="_blank">http://www.norad.mil/Newsroom/Press-Releases/Article/1580612/norad-toca/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>