Cutlet

<h2 id="american-and-canadian-cuisines">American and Canadian cuisines</h2>

<p>From the late 1700s until about 1900, virtually all recipes for "cutlets" in English-language cookbooks referenced veal cutlets. Then pork cutlets began to appear. More recently,[<i>when?</i>] in American and Canadian cuisine, cutlets have also been made using chicken, although this was also imported from Europe. The cutlet is usually coated with flour, egg and bread crumbs, then fried in a pan with some oil. 
</p>
<h2 id="austrian-cuisine">Austrian cuisine</h2>
<p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Schnitzel/h0G5p2K2">Schnitzel</a> and <a href="/facts/Vanillerostbraten/xE1t6Wwf">Vanillerostbraten</a></p>
<h2 id="australian-cuisine">Australian cuisine</h2>
<p>Australians eat lamb cutlets battered with egg yolk and breadcrumbs.  Chicken cutlets are also very popular, but known as chicken schnitzel. Both lamb cutlets and chicken schnitzel are a staple of Australian children's cuisine. Amongst most Australians of Italian descent, the term schnitzel is replaced by the term cutlet. Cutlets amongst this population are usually veal or chicken.
</p>
<h2 id="british-cuisine">British cuisine</h2>
<p>In British cuisine, a cutlet is usually unbreaded and can also be called a <a href="/facts/Meat_chop/A0Ct1Dp6">chop</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> If referring to beef, more than one piece together would be generally called a rib of beef or a rib joint, whilst lamb ribs are called a rack, or rack of lamb.  Lamb racks can also be tied into a circular shape before cooking, with the ribs on the outside, giving a crown shape, leading to the name "crown of lamb".
</p>
<h2 id="french-cuisine">French cuisine</h2>
<p>In France, cutlets can be made with any of the Salpicons of poultry, game, fish and shellfish, mixed with the necessary amount of forcemeat in keeping with the main ingredient; the consistency should be adjusted with a little well-reduced sauce which should also be in keeping with the ingredients. These cutlets should be egg and crumbed and they should be shallow fried and coloured in clarified butter instead of being deep fried.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a>
</p><p>Another kind of cutlet is the <i>Côtelette Menon</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> or <i>Côtelette révolution</i> which is a veal cutlet covered in bread crumbs and fried in butter. 
</p>
<h2 id="hong-kong-cuisine">Hong Kong cuisine</h2>
<p>In Hong Kong, the cutlet was introduced during the period of British colonial occupation along with other cooking influences. It is seen as "sai chaan" or Western cuisine. Veal, pork and chicken are battered and deep fried for lunch. Seafood such as shrimp or scallop that is battered or breaded and deep fried can also be known as 'cutlet' in Hong Kong.  It is usually served alongside rice or spaghetti noodles.
</p>
<h2 id="indian-cuisine">Indian cuisine</h2>

<p>In Indian cuisine, a cutlet specifically refers to mashed vegetables (potatoes, carrots, beans) or cooked meat (mutton, chicken, pork or fish) stuffing that is fried with a batter/covering.  The meat itself is cooked with spices - onion, cardamom, cloves, <a href="/facts/Cinnamon/Aag9baI6">cinnamon</a>, <a href="/facts/Coriander/v4Sa5K4T">coriander</a> (cilantro), green chillies, lemon and salt. This is then dipped in an egg mix or <a href="/facts/Corn_starch/ASblJB4P">corn starch</a> and then in <a href="/facts/Bread_crumbs/YroGIVHT">bread crumbs</a> (also see <a href="/facts/Breaded_cutlet/QSCcMC4z">breaded cutlet</a>), and fried in <a href="/facts/Ghee/mv1b2ILY">ghee</a> or vegetable oil. Chicken and mutton cutlets are popular snacks in the eastern part of India, especially in <a href="/facts/Kolkata/k0HVgEYm">Kolkata</a>.
</p><p>The vegetarian version has no meat in it, instead the filling is a combination of mashed potatoes, onion, green chillies, spices and salt. This version is more popular with the vegetarian Indian population. This should not be confused with grilled patties such as <a href="/facts/Aloo_tikki/A14BgDJj">aloo tikki</a>. A cutlet is traditionally deep-fried.
</p>
<h2 id="iranian-cuisine">Iranian cuisine</h2>

<p>In Iran, cutlet  (<a href="/facts/Persian_language/jfUYbHbt">Persian</a>: کُتلت), (<a href="/facts/Persian_language/jfUYbHbt">Shirazi Persian</a>: کاتلت) is a popular hamburger-like thin layered mixture of fried ground beef or lamb or sometimes chicken, mashed or grated potatoes, eggs, onions, spices, shaped like a flower leaf, with a thin layer of wheat flour for coating; which is deep fried, usually served with tomato, onion, parsley and bread.
</p>
<h2 id="italian-cuisine">Italian cuisine</h2>
<p>The use of the cutlet (<a href="/facts/Cotoletta/1HBnFYg5">cotoletta</a>) is quite widespread in Italian cuisine in many different variations. The most famous variant is the <a href="/facts/Veal_Milanese/kwADC8G1">Milanese cutlet</a> (<i>cotoletta alla milanese</i>), a veal cutlet covered in bread crumbs and fried in butter.  It should not be mistaken for the <i>Wiener schnitzel</i> (which should be referred as a <i>scaloppina alla viennese</i>, or as <i>fettina impanata</i> in Italian), which is a different cut of meat; the Milanese cutlet cut includes the bone, whereas the <i>Wiener schnitzel</i> does not. The dish has a French origin and was brought to Milan during the <a href="/facts/Napoleonic_Wars/jo0MdaTD">Napoleonic wars</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a>
</p>
<h2 id="japanese-cuisine">Japanese cuisine</h2>
<p>The cutlet was introduced to Japan during the late 19th century.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> The Japanese pronunciation of cutlet is <i>katsuretsu</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> In <a href="/facts/Japanese_cuisine/xIM9GWR6">Japanese cuisine</a>, <i>katsuretsu</i> or shorter <i>katsu</i> is actually a breaded cutlet.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> Dishes with <i>katsu</i> include <i><a href="/facts/Tonkatsu/geKlPVEF">tonkatsu</a></i> (pork),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> <i><a href="/facts/Katsudon/2MFx6eFa">katsudon</a></i> (simmered with beaten egg and poured over a bowl of rice)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Katsu_curry/vUQtAKyJ"><i>katsu</i> curry</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a>
</p>

<h2 id="polish-cuisine">Polish cuisine</h2>
<p>The Polish pork cutlet, <a href="/facts/Kotlet_schabowy/J9gyAtV7">kotlet schabowy</a>, is a <a href="/facts/Pork_chop/hRP9wPos">pork chop</a> coated with breadcrumbs. Kotlet schabowy can be served with <a href="/facts/Mashed_potatoes/g5sjfKpI">mashed potatoes</a>, <a href="/facts/Home_fries/oG7BLmoK">home fries</a>, <a href="/facts/Fried_mushrooms/XKRubFQn">fried mushrooms</a>, cooked vegetables (<a href="/facts/Cabbage/WeEDQzxK">cabbage</a>), with <a href="/facts/Salads/TTkkxT9F">salads</a> or with <a href="/facts/Coleslaw/9lqg4HPj">coleslaw</a>. <i>Kotlet z kurczaka</i> is a <a href="/facts/Chicken_(food)/JCpSXfJV">chicken</a> cutlet coated with <a href="/facts/Breadcrumbs/YroGIVHT">breadcrumbs</a>. <i>Kotlet z indyka</i> is a <a href="/facts/Turkey_meat/oUkUuNEU">turkey</a> cutlet coated with <a href="/facts/Breadcrumbs/YroGIVHT">breadcrumbs</a>.
</p>

<h2 id="cuisines-of-russia-ukraine-and-other-countries-of-former-soviet-union">Cuisines of Russia, Ukraine and other countries of former Soviet Union</h2>
<p>In modern Russian, the word <i>kotleta</i> (котлета) refers almost exclusively to pan-fried minced meat croquettes / cutlet-shaped patties. Bread soaked in milk, onions, garlic, and herbs is usually present in the recipe. When in a hurry, a "cutlet" can be eaten between bread slices like a hamburger, but this fast meal is rarely served in restaurants. It is usually served with pan-fried potatoes, mashed potatoes, pasta, etc.
</p><p>In the middle of the 20th century, industrially produced, <a href="/facts/Convenience_food/ayJbRMIt">semi-processed</a> ground meat cutlets were introduced in the USSR. Colloquially known as <a href="/facts/Mikoyan_cutlet/vEztQuhW">Mikoyan cutlets</a> (named after Soviet politician <a href="/facts/Anastas_Mikoyan/e7HoJMG7">Anastas Mikoyan</a>, who served as a minister of the food industry from 1934 to 1938 he was responsible for introducing a lot of industrial-made products into the Soviet food chain), these were cheap pork or beef cutlet-shaped patties which resembled American burgers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a>
</p><p>In Ukrainian cuisine, a variety called <i>sichenyk</i> (<a href="/facts/Ukrainian_language/2zDw7rpD">Ukrainian</a>: січеник) is made of minced meat or fish and vegetables and covered with bread crumbs. 
</p><p>A particular form of the Russian <i>kotleta</i> known as <a href="/facts/Pozharsky_cutlet/z38nYpdG">Pozharsky cutlet</a> is an elaborated version of minced poultry <i>kotleta</i> covered with breadcrumbs or small croutons. A distinct feature of this cutlet is that butter is added to minced meat, which results in an especially juicy and tender consistency.
</p><p>Another Russian version of a cutlet, called <i>otbivnaya kotleta</i> (отбивная котлета), meaning "beaten cutlet", is a fried slice of meat, usually pork or beef, beaten flat with a tenderizing hammer or knife handle and covered with beaten eggs, dough or breadcrumbs.  The recipe is similar to those of <a href="/facts/Escalopes/WD1K3KB2">escalopes</a>, <a href="/facts/Schnitzel/h0G5p2K2">schnitzel</a>, Polish, or American cutlets.  Today, this dish is simply called <i>otbivnaya</i>, with the word <i>kotleta</i> reserved for minced meat patties.
</p><p><a href="/facts/Chicken_Kiev/IY5EzWeC">Chicken Kiev</a> is called <i>kotleta po-kyivski</i> (котлета по-київськи) in Ukrainian and similarly <i>kotleta po-kievski</i> (котлета по-киевски) in Russian, which means "Kiev-style cutlet".
</p>

<h2 id="sri-lankan-cuisine">Sri Lankan cuisine</h2>
<p>In <a href="/facts/Sri_Lankan_cuisine/f4f4pHeI">Sri Lankan cuisine</a>, cutlets almost always refer to fish (usually <a href="/facts/Tuna_as_food/7HtBI9EL">tuna</a> or <a href="/facts/Mackerel_as_food/2JGyluTQ">mackerel</a>) and potato <a href="/facts/Croquette/PBC8Ijs9">croquettes</a>. Usually the fish and potatoes are mixed with spices, green chilies and onions and dipped in a batter made of flour and eggs before being crumbed and fried.

</p>
<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Escalope/WD1K3KB2">Escalope</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Wedgwood, Hensleigh (1855). "On False Etymologies". Transactions of the Philological Society (6): 69. Archived from the original on 2022-01-05. Retrieved 2022-01-05. <a href="/wiki/Hensleigh_Wedgwood" target="_blank">/wiki/Hensleigh_Wedgwood</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>"Cutlet". Oxford English Dictionary. Vol. 2 C (1 Corrected re-issue ed.). Oxford, UK: The Clarendon Press. 1933. p. 1293 – via Internet Archive. <a href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271839/page/n1297/mode/1up" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271839/page/n1297/mode/1up</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>"Cutlet". Oxford English Dictionary. Vol. 2 C (1 Corrected re-issue ed.). Oxford, UK: The Clarendon Press. 1933. p. 1293 – via Internet Archive. <a href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271839/page/n1297/mode/1up" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271839/page/n1297/mode/1up</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>Pork cutlet with broad beans, wild mushroom and sage Archived 2017-10-14 at the Wayback Machine, Telegraph <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/recipes/5888615/Pork-cutlet-with-broad-beans-wild-mushroom-and-sage.html" target="_blank">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/recipes/5888615/Pork-cutlet-with-broad-beans-wild-mushroom-and-sage.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>Escoffier, Auguste (1903). "Agneau de lait – cotelettes". Le guide culinaire : aide-mémoire de cuisine pratique / par A. Escoffier ; avec la collaboration de MM. Philéas Gilbert, E. Fétu, A. Suzanne, [et al.] ; dessins de Victor Morin (in French). p. 443. Archived from the original on 2021-07-01. Retrieved 2021-05-12. <a href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65768837/f461" target="_blank">https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65768837/f461</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:6"><p>Mariani, Carlotta (2019-07-03). "Cotolette: qual è la differenza tra la Schnitzel viennese e quella milanese?". Agrodolce (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-10-22. <a href="https://www.agrodolce.it/2019/07/03/cotolette-qual-e-la-differenza-tra-la-schnitzel-viennese-e-quella-milanese/" target="_blank">https://www.agrodolce.it/2019/07/03/cotolette-qual-e-la-differenza-tra-la-schnitzel-viennese-e-quella-milanese/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:7"><p>Mariani, Carlotta (2019-07-03). "Cotolette: qual è la differenza tra la Schnitzel viennese e quella milanese?". Agrodolce (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-10-22. <a href="https://www.agrodolce.it/2019/07/03/cotolette-qual-e-la-differenza-tra-la-schnitzel-viennese-e-quella-milanese/" target="_blank">https://www.agrodolce.it/2019/07/03/cotolette-qual-e-la-differenza-tra-la-schnitzel-viennese-e-quella-milanese/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:8"><p>"The Roots of Tonkatsu: A Delicious Fusion of East and West | October 2018 | Highlighting Japan". Cabinet Office (Japan). 2018. Archived from the original on 2021-10-01. Retrieved 2024-09-05. <a href="https://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/publicity/book/hlj/html/201810/201810_08_en.html" target="_blank">https://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/publicity/book/hlj/html/201810/201810_08_en.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:9"><p>"Katsuretsu" カツレツ [cutlet]. Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Concise edition, web version (精選版 日本国語大辞典) (in Japanese). Shogakukan. Retrieved 2021-08-16 – via kotobank.jp.  [cutlet [... shortened form is] "katsu".] <a href="カツレツ" target="_blank">カツレツ</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:10"><p>"Katsuretsu" カツレツ [cutlet]. Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Concise edition, web version (精選版 日本国語大辞典) (in Japanese). Shogakukan. Retrieved 2021-08-16 – via kotobank.jp.  [cutlet [... shortened form is] "katsu".] <a href="カツレツ" target="_blank">カツレツ</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:11"><p>"The Roots of Tonkatsu: A Delicious Fusion of East and West | October 2018 | Highlighting Japan". Cabinet Office (Japan). 2018. Archived from the original on 2021-10-01. Retrieved 2024-09-05. <a href="https://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/publicity/book/hlj/html/201810/201810_08_en.html" target="_blank">https://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/publicity/book/hlj/html/201810/201810_08_en.html</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:12"><p>"Experience Japanese Home Cooking" (PDF). Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan). 2021-02-10. p4:Tonkatsu, p5:Katsudon). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210815153610/https://tasteofjapan.maff.go.jp/experience/images/home.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20210815153610/https://tasteofjapan.maff.go.jp/experience/images/home.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:13"><p>"The U.K. Thinks Japanese curry is katsu curry, and people aren't happy about it". 12 February 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-05-17. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210517025549/https://soranews24.com/2020/02/12/the-u-k-thinks-japanese-curry-is-katsu-curry-and-people-arent-happy-about-it/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20210517025549/https://soranews24.com/2020/02/12/the-u-k-thinks-japanese-curry-is-katsu-curry-and-people-arent-happy-about-it/</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:14"><p>Tanner, Henry (Nov 15, 1964). "Others come and go—Mikoyan remains". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 10 Feb 2015. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/1964/11/15/others-come-and-go-mikoyan-remains.html?_r=0" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/1964/11/15/others-come-and-go-mikoyan-remains.html?_r=0</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

Cutlet open-in-new

Cutlet