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Arthur Getis
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<h2 id="education-and-field">Education and field</h2> <p>Arthur Getis earned both his B.S. and M.S. in Geography from Pennsylvania State University.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> In 1961, he earned his <a href="/facts/Doctor_of_Philosophy/paJumdN8">Ph.D.</a> in <a href="/facts/Geography/TRd1Toyo">geography</a> at <a href="/facts/University_of_Washington_Department_of_Geography/MWIqM7Uq">University of Washington Department of Geography</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> Here, he worked as a doctoral student under <a href="/facts/William_Garrison_(geographer)/HFNejL2S">William Garrison</a>, a prominent geographer and leader of the <a href="/facts/Quantitative_revolution/FPkSga8k">quantitative revolution</a> in geography.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> His doctoral dissertation focused on individual behaviors and how they manifest as collective spatial patterns.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> This experience would set him on a path to researching spatial statistics as they apply to fields such as retail, public health, and crime clustering, among others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="career">Career</h2> <p>Arthur Getis held many academic positions during his four decades-long career. After graduating from the University of Washington, Getis took a position at <a href="/facts/Michigan_State_University/faLD1NUz">Michigan State University</a> as an assistant professor where he worked from 1961 to 1963.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> While at Michigan State University, Getis served on the Social Science College Research Committee, and invented a <a href="/facts/Cartogram/TGdzv0t5">Cartogram</a> that was designed to focus the eye on a particular feature.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> Getis left MSU for a position at <a href="/facts/Rutgers_University/dC8074a9">Rutgers University</a> <a href="/facts/Livingston_College/KsulnmX3">Livingston College</a> in 1963, where he did groundbreaking research in the discipline of spatial analysis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> In 1977, Gettis took a position in the geography department at the <a href="/facts/University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign/gusw7HoS">University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign</a>, where he served as department head.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> In 1990, Getis left University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign to work at the <a href="/facts/University_of_California%2c_Santa_Barbara/G7UvBWlK">University of California, Santa Barbara</a>, where he headed a new joint Ph.D. program.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> In addition to these academic positions, he also held visiting professorships at the <a href="/facts/University_of_Bristol/naU7Gvlc">University of Bristol</a> and the <a href="/facts/University_of_Cambridge/0la7aX9o">University of Cambridge</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p><p>During his career, Getis focused his research on <a href="/facts/Spatial_descriptive_statistics/48XCbYCL">spatial descriptive statistics</a>, where he focused on topics like spatial autocorrelation, k-function analysis, and their applications to real-world problems.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> Working with Keith Ord, he created the innovative and highly influential Getis-Ord family of statistics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> </p><p>Getis collaborated with numerous geographers throughout his career to advance GIScience, <a href="/facts/Geographic_Information_Systems/PoP1kVoa">Geographic Information Systems</a> (GIS), and geography as a whole. With <a href="/facts/Luc_Anselin/UUXe8z19">Luc Anselin</a>, Getis worked to explore the then-new technology of <a href="/facts/GIS/PoP1kVoa">GIS</a>. As the concept of <a href="/facts/Digital_mapping/KRd1GyUm">computer cartography</a> was only introduced in 1959 by <a href="/facts/Waldo_Tobler/uxwYgfSA">Waldo Tobler</a>, and the term "geographic information systems" introduced in the 1960s by <a href="/facts/Roger_Tomlinson/Iz3xcAc1">Roger Tomlinson</a>, this research was extremely influential in laying the foundation for GIS, and modern cartography.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> Getis worked with geographer <a href="/facts/Michael_Goodchild/c2CI1KEV">Michael Goodchild</a> to establish GIScience foundations in academia, advancing the discipline.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> </p><p>Getis worked with Manfred M. Fischer to found the <a href="/facts/Journal_of_Geographical_Systems/vBQ2tkp7">Journal of Geographical Systems</a> in 1994.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> This journal focuses on both theoretical and applied spatial modeling, methods, and results.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> Getis served as one of the <a href="/facts/Editors-in-chief/d76Qb3Tr">editors-in-chief</a> for this journal from 1994 to 2007, and as an honorary editor from 2008 until his death in 2022.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> </p><p>Getis served on the board of directors for the <a href="/facts/University_Consortium_for_Geographic_Information_Science/DGXcyNQ8">University Consortium for Geographic Information Science</a> (UCGIS) from 1997 to 2001, when he was elected the organization's president, serving between 2001 and 2002.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> After serving as president of UCGIS, Getis was on the executive committee until 2004.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="publications">Publications</h2> <p>Getis published more than 100 peer-reviewed journals and book chapters during his career that have been cited over 25,000 times, giving him an <a href="/facts/H-index/K9q5E93W">h-index</a> of 53.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> His 1963 publication <i>Temporal Land Use Pattern Analysis With the Use of Nearest Neighbor and Quadrat Methods</i> is noteworthy for appearing in the first Michigan Inter-University Community of Mathematical Geographers (MICMOG) series.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a> His most influential, and highly cited paper, "Analysis of spatial association by use of distance statistics" lead to the creation of the Getis-Ord family of statistics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> In addition to these, Getis helped author or edit eleven books, many still widely in use in geography classes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a> Several of these books were co-authored with his wife, Judy (Marckwardt) Getis, who held a master's degree in geography from <a href="/facts/Michigan_State_University/faLD1NUz">Michigan State University</a> and was a respected author.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a> </p><p>These books include: </p> <ul><li>Getis, Arthur; Bjelland, Mark; Getis, Victoria (2018). <i>Introduction to Geography</i> (15th ed.). McGraw Hill. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-259-57000-1.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></li> <li>Fischer, Manfred M.; Getis, Arthur (2010). <i>Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis: Software Tools, Methods and Applications</i>. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-3-642-03646-0.</li> <li>Fellmann, Jerome; Bjelland, Mark; Getis, Arthur; Getis, Judith (2009). <i>Human Geography</i> (11 ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0073522852.</li> <li>Getis, Arthur; Lacambra, J.; Zoller, H., eds. (2004). <i>Spatial Econometrics and Spatial Statistics</i>. Palgrave Macmillan London. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4039-0797-4.</li> <li>Getis, Arthur; Getis, Judith; Quastler, Imre (2000). <i>The United States and Canada: The Land and the People</i> (2 ed.). McGraw-Hill. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0072356779.</li> <li>Boots, Barry; Getis, Arthur (1988). <i>Point Pattern Analysis (Scientific Geography Series)</i> (1 ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0803925885.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></li> <li>Getis, Arthur; Boots, Barry (1978). <i>Models of Spatial Processes: An Approach to the Study of Point, Line and Area Patterns</i> (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0521103541.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="getis-ord-family-of-statistics">Getis-Ord family of statistics</h2> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Getis-Ord_Statistics/3H3ysNMK">Getis-Ord Statistics</a></p> <p>The most influential work of Getis is his and Keith Ord's creation of the Getis-Ord family of statistics, which includes the Getis-Ord General G<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> and Getis-Ord Gi*<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> statistic.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> Based on a 1992 paper titled "The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> and a 1995 paper titled "Local Spatial Autocorrelation: Distributional Issues and an Application",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a> the Getis-Ord family of statistics are used extensively in spatial statistics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a> These are used to detect clustering of high or low values within a study area.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a> The Getis-Ord family of statistics compliment <a href="/facts/Moran%2527s_I/qdIqxfTJ">Moran's I</a> and <a href="/facts/Geary%2527s_C/qBAuuG42">Geary's C</a> in looking at the <a href="/facts/Spatial_autocorrelation/R6rlDzRl">spatial autocorrelation</a> of phenomena in a study area.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a> </p><p>The Getis-Ord family of statistics has been applied across a variety of disciplines, including epidemiology/public health, land use, crime analysis, and economics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a> They are used as the basis for "Hot spot analysis," "High/Low clustering analysis," and the creation of "Hot spot" maps by <a href="/facts/Esri/FP8cJykD">Esri</a> software, such as <a href="/facts/ArcGIS/pYPJ9GD5">ArcGIS</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="awards-and-honors">Awards and honors</h2> <p>During his career, Getis received many honors and awards.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a> These awards include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Regional_Science_Association_International/DRV6vdAt">Regional Science Association International</a> Founder's Medal (2012)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a></li> <li>UCGIS Fellows grade (2010)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/American_Association_of_Geographers/4B5pnvvB">American Association of Geographers</a> Distinguished Scholarship Honors (2002)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a></li> <li>North American Regional Science Association Walter Isard Distinguished Scholarship award (1997)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>Memorials</h3> <p>The Journal of Geographical Systems, and Journal Regional Geography both published memorials for Getis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a> In 2024, the Journal of Geographical Systems published a special issue titled "Arthur Getis: A LEGEND in Geographical Systems."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="personal-life">Personal life</h2> <p>Getis was born and raised in Pennsylvania and was the youngest child of Samuel and Sophie (Zeitzew) Getis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a> He met Judith (Marckwardt) Getis while at the University of Washington, who he married in 1961 and had three daughters with.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a> He enjoyed traveling, tennis, bridge, and scrabble.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Alexander_Stewart_Fotheringham/qDyuaexu">Alexander Stewart Fotheringham</a> – British-American geographerPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dot_distribution_map/gzJJXLCY">Dot distribution map</a> – Thematic map using dots to visualize distribution</li> <li><a href="/facts/Duane_Marble/7MRHHTvU">Duane Marble</a> – American geographer</li> <li><a href="/facts/George_F._Jenks/PKfL2Bdl">George F. Jenks</a> – American geographer and cartographer</li> <li><a href="/facts/Michael_DeMers/QlzHQ1kw">Michael DeMers</a> – American geographer and fiction writer</li> <li><a href="/facts/Otsu%2527s_Method/oG6x4k9A">Otsu's Method</a> – In computer vision and image processingPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</li> <li><a href="/facts/Quantitative_geography/FPkSga8k">Quantitative geography</a> – Subfield of geographic methods</li> <li><a href="/facts/Technical_geography/a7zQvPql">Technical geography</a> – Study of using and creating tools to manage spatial information</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Fischer, Manfred M. (2022). "In memoriam: Professor Arthur Getis (July 6, 1934 – May 13, 2022)". Journal of Geographical Systems. 24 (3): 281–283. Bibcode:2022JGS....24..281F. doi:10.1007/s10109-022-00390-w. S2CID 250510161. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Fischer, Manfred M. "In Memoriam: Professor Arthur Getis (July 6, 1934 – May 13, 2022)". Regional Science. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://regionalscience.org/index.php/news/obituaries/item/3035-in-memoriam-professor-arthur-getis-july-6,-1934-%E2%80%93-may-13,-2022.html" target="_blank">https://regionalscience.org/index.php/news/obituaries/item/3035-in-memoriam-professor-arthur-getis-july-6,-1934-%E2%80%93-may-13,-2022.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Hewings, Geoff. "Dr. Arthur Getis (1934–2022)". UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA-CHAMPAIGN: Department of Geography & Geographic Information Science. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://ggis.illinois.edu/news/2022-05-18/dr-arthur-getis-1934-2022" target="_blank">https://ggis.illinois.edu/news/2022-05-18/dr-arthur-getis-1934-2022</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"OBITUARY: Arthur Getis". Dignity Memorial. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/san-diego-ca/arthur-getis-10752410" target="_blank">https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/san-diego-ca/arthur-getis-10752410</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Warf, Barney, ed. (2010). "Getis, Arthur (1934-)". Encyclopedia of Geography. SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 1275–1275. Retrieved 27 April 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412939591.n498" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412939591.n498</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Arthur Getis". University Consortium for Geographic Information Science. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://www.ucgis.org/arthur-getis" target="_blank">https://www.ucgis.org/arthur-getis</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Mitchell, Andy (2005). The ESRI Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 2 (1 ed.). Esri Press. ISBN 978-1589481169. <a href="978-1589481169" target="_blank">978-1589481169</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Getis, Arthur A.; Ord, J. K. (1992). "The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics". Geographical Analysis. 24 (3): 189–206. Bibcode:1992GeoAn..24..189G. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Ord, J.K.; Getis, Arthur (1995). "Local Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics: Distributional Issues and an Application". Geographical Analysis. 27 (4): 286–306. Bibcode:1995GeoAn..27..286O. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00912.x. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1538-4632.1995.tb00912.x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1538-4632.1995.tb00912.x</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Fischer, Manfred M. (2022). "In memoriam: Professor Arthur Getis (July 6, 1934 – May 13, 2022)". Journal of Geographical Systems. 24 (3): 281–283. Bibcode:2022JGS....24..281F. doi:10.1007/s10109-022-00390-w. S2CID 250510161. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Fischer, Manfred M. "In Memoriam: Professor Arthur Getis (July 6, 1934 – May 13, 2022)". Regional Science. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://regionalscience.org/index.php/news/obituaries/item/3035-in-memoriam-professor-arthur-getis-july-6,-1934-%E2%80%93-may-13,-2022.html" target="_blank">https://regionalscience.org/index.php/news/obituaries/item/3035-in-memoriam-professor-arthur-getis-july-6,-1934-%E2%80%93-may-13,-2022.html</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"OBITUARY: Arthur Getis". Dignity Memorial. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/san-diego-ca/arthur-getis-10752410" target="_blank">https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/san-diego-ca/arthur-getis-10752410</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Fischer, Manfred M. (2022). "In memoriam: Professor Arthur Getis (July 6, 1934 – May 13, 2022)". Journal of Geographical Systems. 24 (3): 281–283. Bibcode:2022JGS....24..281F. doi:10.1007/s10109-022-00390-w. S2CID 250510161. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Fischer, Manfred M. "In Memoriam: Professor Arthur Getis (July 6, 1934 – May 13, 2022)". Regional Science. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://regionalscience.org/index.php/news/obituaries/item/3035-in-memoriam-professor-arthur-getis-july-6,-1934-%E2%80%93-may-13,-2022.html" target="_blank">https://regionalscience.org/index.php/news/obituaries/item/3035-in-memoriam-professor-arthur-getis-july-6,-1934-%E2%80%93-may-13,-2022.html</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"OBITUARY: Arthur Getis". Dignity Memorial. Retrieved 2 August 2023. <a href="https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/san-diego-ca/arthur-getis-10752410" target="_blank">https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/san-diego-ca/arthur-getis-10752410</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Warf, Barney, ed. (2010). "Getis, Arthur (1934-)". Encyclopedia of Geography. SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 1275–1275. Retrieved 27 April 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412939591.n498" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412939591.n498</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Murray, Alan T. (2023). "The Art of Geographical Analysis". Geographical Analysis. 55 (4): 759–768. Bibcode:2023GeoAn..55..759M. doi:10.1111/gean.12359. S2CID 257360246. 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