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Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System
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<h2 id="technology">Technology</h2> <p>The device used for scanning live fingerprints into AFIS is called <a href="/facts/Live_scan_(fingerprinting)/U0KhdQzV">Live scan</a>. The process of obtaining the prints by way of LiveScan employs rolling prints or placing flat impressions onto a glass platen above a camera unit. The process of obtaining prints by placing a ten-print card (prints taken using ink) onto a flatbed or high-speed scanner is called CardScan (or occasionally DeadScan). In addition to these devices, there are other devices to capture prints from crime scenes, as well as devices (both wired and wireless) to capture one or two live finger impressions. The most common method of acquiring fingerprint images remains the inexpensive ink pad and paper form. Scanning forms ("fingerprint cards") with a forensic AFIS complies with standards established by the FBI and <a href="/facts/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology/gr9Fnh85">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a> (NIST). </p><p>To match a print, a fingerprint technician scans in the print in question, and computer algorithms are utilized to mark all <a href="/facts/Minutiae/5WLcd20T">minutia</a> points, cores, and deltas detected on the print. In some systems, the technician is allowed to perform a review of the points that the software has detected, and submits the feature set to a one-to-many (1:N) search. The better commercial systems provide fully automated processing and searching ("lights-out") of print features. The fingerprint image processor will generally assign a "quality measure" that indicates if the print is acceptable for searching. </p> <h2 id="speed">Speed</h2> <p>The average response time for an electronic criminal fingerprint submission is about 27 minutes, while electronic civil submissions are processed within an hour and 12 minutes. IAFIS processed more than 61 million ten-print submissions during <a href="/facts/Fiscal_year/qcR3PIXe">fiscal year</a> 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Combined_DNA_Index_System/VF9gNSvo">Combined DNA Index System</a>—U.S. DNA system</li> <li><a href="/facts/Eurodac/bqcpSYwd">Eurodac</a>—the European fingerprint database for identifying asylum seekers and irregular border-crossers</li> <li><a href="/facts/National_Automated_Fingerprint_Identification_System/YA6b1y8n">National Automated Fingerprint Identification System</a>—Australian system</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010505091326/http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cjisd/iafis.htm">Federal Bureau of Investigation - CJIS Division - Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System</a></li> <li><a href="https://leb.fbi.gov/2013/april/iafis-identifies-suspect-from-1978-murder-case">IAFIS Identifies Suspect from 1978 Murder Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2013-latent-hit-of-the-year-award1">Latent Hit of the Year Award - Fingerprint Tool Helps Solve 1999 Murder</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Fbi — Iafis". Fbi.gov. 1999-07-28. Archived from the original on 2012-09-21. Retrieved 2012-09-14. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120921125141/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/iafis/iafis/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120921125141/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/iafis/iafis/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Background info Archived February 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine <a href="http://www.doh.wa.gov/hsqa/BackgroundInfo.htm" target="_blank">http://www.doh.wa.gov/hsqa/BackgroundInfo.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Dizard III, Wilson P. "FBI plans major database upgrade" Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine. Government Computer News, 28 August 2006. Retrieved on 2 February 2007. <a href="http://www.gcn.com/print/25_26/41792-1.html" target="_blank">http://www.gcn.com/print/25_26/41792-1.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"FBI — Next Generation Identification". Fbi.gov. Retrieved 2013-04-19. <a href="https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/ngi" target="_blank">https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/ngi</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Fbi — Iafis". Fbi.gov. 1999-07-28. Archived from the original on 2012-09-21. Retrieved 2012-09-14. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120921125141/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/iafis/iafis/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120921125141/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/iafis/iafis/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>