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Baltic Pipeline System
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>The project started in 1997 and construction was completed in December 2001. In April 2006 the Baltic Pipeline System reached full design capacity.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="technical-features">Technical features</h2> <p>Main elements of the BPS-1 are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Yaroslavl/H6WwvMqp">Yaroslavl</a>-<a href="/facts/Kirishi/833hPv1N">Kirishi</a> pipeline</li> <li>Kirishi pumping station</li> <li>Kirishi-Primorsk pipeline</li> <li>Oil terminal in Primorsk.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li></ul> <p>The capacity of the BPS-1 is 76.5 million <a href="/facts/Tonne/gMymLmWv">tons</a> of oil per year.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="controversy">Controversy</h2> <p>During planning and construction stages, the project was criticized by environmentalists, mainly because of the <a href="/facts/Baltic_Sea/jbQJGLQX">Baltic Sea</a>'s status as a particularly sensitive sea area and Primorsk’s proximity to the <a href="/facts/Beryozovye_Islands/AjQ5gJ9w">Beryozovye Islands</a> nature reserve, a major bird sanctuary protected by the <a href="/facts/Ramsar_Convention/4lyNpbp7">Ramsar Convention</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="bps-2">BPS-2</h2> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Baltic_Pipeline_System-II/qMV7GmeM">Baltic Pipeline System-II</a></p> <p>The Baltic Pipeline System-2 (BPS-2) is a second trunk line of the system running from the <a href="/facts/Unecha/tNchwt9H">Unecha</a> junction of the <a href="/facts/Druzhba_pipeline/mnhpJGfU">Druzhba pipeline</a> near the Russia-Belarus border to the <a href="/facts/Ust-Luga/Ct9BSL06">Ust-Luga</a> terminal on the <a href="/facts/Gulf_of_Finland/rXE4CB5m">Gulf of Finland</a> with a 172 kilometres (107 mi) long branch line to the <a href="/facts/Kinef/ckpyuJ9z">Kirishi oil refinery</a>. The construction of the BPS-2 started on 10 June 2009<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> and it entered in function in late March 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Energy portal</li><li>Russia portal</li><li>Engineering portal</li><li>Transport portal</li><li>Economy portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Druzhba_pipeline/mnhpJGfU">Druzhba pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Caspian_Pipeline_Consortium/AIdrYkg8">Caspian Pipeline Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sever_Pipeline/0vNbdQoW">Sever Pipeline</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061004031813/http://www.transneft.ru/Ecolog/Default.asp?LANG=EN&ID=219">Baltic Pipeline System - environmental safety and reliability</a>, Transneft</li></ul> <p><a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Baltic_Pipeline_System¶ms=60.3353_N_28.7150_E_source:wikidata">60°20′07″N 28°42′54″E / 60.3353°N 28.7150°E / 60.3353; 28.7150</a> </p> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Baltic Pipeline System Set To Reduce Transit Dependency". St. Petersburg Times. 2006-04-11. Retrieved 2007-12-29. <a href="http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=17280" target="_blank">http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=17280</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"The Baltic Pipeline System – the key federal project in the Leningrad Region". Leningrad Oblast Administration. Archived from the original on 2012-12-22. Retrieved 2007-12-29. <a href="https://archive.today/20121222005526/http://eng.lenobl.ru/economics/investment/principlefederalprojects/balticoilpipeline?PHPSESSID=640241724ce1bc42839f3b18b9e71f1a" target="_blank">https://archive.today/20121222005526/http://eng.lenobl.ru/economics/investment/principlefederalprojects/balticoilpipeline?PHPSESSID=640241724ce1bc42839f3b18b9e71f1a</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Baltic Pipeline System Set To Reduce Transit Dependency". St. Petersburg Times. 2006-04-11. Retrieved 2007-12-29. <a href="http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=17280" target="_blank">http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=17280</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Sergei Grivenkov (December 2000). "What impact will a new port in the Baltic have on the environment?". Journal Evropa. Archived from the original on 2008-05-31. Retrieved 2007-12-29. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080531032657/http://www.delrus.ec.europa.eu/em/2000-2001/user.php-func%3Dmag_art%26art_id%3D222%26iss_id%3D17.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080531032657/http://www.delrus.ec.europa.eu/em/2000-2001/user.php-func%3Dmag_art%26art_id%3D222%26iss_id%3D17.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Russia builds Baltic oil pipeline to bypass Belarus". EurActiv. 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-30. <a href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/russia-builds-baltic-oil-pipeline-bypass-belarus/article-183101?Ref=RSS" target="_blank">http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/russia-builds-baltic-oil-pipeline-bypass-belarus/article-183101?Ref=RSS</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Czech concerns over the future of the Druzhba oil pipeline". 18 April 2012. <a href="http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2012-04-18/czech-concerns-over-future-druzhba-oil-pipeline" target="_blank">http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2012-04-18/czech-concerns-over-future-druzhba-oil-pipeline</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>