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List of transistorized computers
open-in-new
<h2 id="1950s">1950s</h2> <h3>1953</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/University_of_Manchester/PwJzEj8h">University of Manchester</a> <a href="/facts/Manchester_computers/VUeMAx0c">Transistor Computer</a> 1953 (prototype) 1955 (full scale) experimental</li></ul> <h3>1954</h3> <ul><li>Bell Labs <a href="/facts/TRADIC/XKtqg5Pz">TRADIC</a> for U.S. Air Force</li></ul> <h3>1955</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Harwell_CADET/dYqC7bDs">Harwell CADET</a> demonstrated February 1955, one-off scientific computer</li></ul> <h3>1956</h3> <ul><li>Electrotechnical Laboratory ETL Mark III (Japan) experimental, began development 1954, completed 1956,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> Japan's first transistorized <a href="/facts/Stored-program_computer/CwcIk5S8">stored-program computer</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/MIT/Xk49vNA8">MIT</a> <a href="/facts/TX-0/8Bau5eqq">TX-0</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Metrovick_950/A1eDGqSy">Metrovick 950</a></li></ul> <h3>1957</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Burroughs_Corporation/NAEwIvpU">Burroughs</a> <a href="/facts/SM-65_Atlas/H4ULUgKf">SM-65 Atlas</a> <a href="/facts/ICBM/0vKnj2Y7">ICBM</a> Guidance Computer MOD1, AN/GSQ-33 (no relation to Manchester ATLAS)</li> <li><a href="/facts/TRW_Inc./PBxh9uWH">Ramo-Wooldridge</a> (TRW) RW-30 airborne computer<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Univac/FhJlhtva">Univac</a> TRANSTEC,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> for US Navy</li> <li><a href="/facts/Univac/FhJlhtva">Univac</a> <a href="/facts/ATHENA_computer/rQA5VCa9">ATHENA</a>, US Air Force missile guidance (ground control)</li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_608/JE4Axs31">IBM 608</a> transistor calculator (its development was preceded by the prototyping of an experimental all-transistor version of the <a href="/facts/IBM_604/3GwS3Ayp">604</a> demonstrated in October 1954), announced 1955, first shipped December 1957</li> <li><a href="/facts/DRTE_Computer/T5Jr3fwp">DRTE Computer</a>, Canadian experimental system delivered 1957, added parallel math unit and other improvements in 1960.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li> <li>ETL Mark IV computer, upgraded to the ETL Mark IV A in 1958, a transistor-based computer built at the Japanese government's ElectroTechnical Laboratory, inspired almost every Japanese computer company.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>1958</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Electrologica_X1/qY1dlCCk">Electrologica X1</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/TX-2/Yvk3A10o">TX-2</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_Solid_State/X7Sse7Tp">UNIVAC Solid State</a> (partially transistorized)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Philco_computers/E5jQv0k7">Philco Transac S-1000</a> scientific computer- Navy/NSA SOLO, one-off for <a href="/facts/NSA/Sg6MGV1o">NSA</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Philco_computers/E5jQv0k7">Philco Transac S-2000</a> electronic data processing computer<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mail%25C3%25BCfterl/UCmK1cWG">Mailüfterl</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/RCA_501/JhR8dEEz">RCA 501</a> intended as a commercial system but used in military applications</li> <li><a href="/facts/Siemens/coa80TQn">Siemens</a> System 2002<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> – Prototype in operation since 1956, first machine was put in operation in 1958.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Autonetics_Recomp_II/om9fKjYp">Autonetics Recomp II</a></li></ul> <h3>1959</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/NCR_304/8bWzruy4">NCR 304</a>, announced in 1957, first delivery in 1959</li> <li><a href="/facts/Olivetti_Elea/cNXxt8la">Olivetti Elea</a> 9003</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sylvania_Electric_Products/KBbzfIhY">Sylvania</a> <a href="/facts/MOBIDIC/Ynvkx34l">MOBIDIC</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7090/RpY2uI1k">IBM 7090</a> (6/60)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1401/SrdHgTWx">IBM 1401</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1620_Model_I/yRqdvqt0">IBM 1620 Model I</a></li> <li>NEAC 2201 (<a href="/facts/NEC/YnlUsMBA">NEC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/EMIDEC_1100/9Y0XoWGG">EMIDEC 1100</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/TRW_Inc./PBxh9uWH">TRW RW-300</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/PDP-1/PSeIBDJU">PDP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Standard_Elektrik_Lorenz/k0EtSKt2">Standard Elektrik Lorenz</a> SEL ER 56<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="1960s">1960s</h2> <h3>1960</h3> <ul><li>AEI 1010<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bull_Gamma_60/VpGbnLEW">Bull Gamma 60</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_200/qvJskpHn">Honeywell 200</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_800/ya5eLMXm">Honeywell 800</a> first installation 1960</li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_LARC/qdqLSEgt">UNIVAC LARC</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_160/U0tBN1cx">CDC 160</a> (7/60)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_1604/nw5vBQok">CDC 1604</a> (1/60)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Datasaab_D2/Hp68AzVJ">Datasaab D2</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/DRTE_Computer/T5Jr3fwp">DRTE Computer</a>, expanded version</li> <li><a href="/facts/Elliott_803/m8TIrlxn">Elliott 803</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> <a href="/facts/GE-200_series/Ifrh61Lo">210</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/AN%2fFSQ-32/bRFLRl5s">AN/FSQ-32</a> (IBM 4020)</li> <li><a href="/facts/AN%2fFSQ-31V/6hhGVfPo">AN/FSQ-31V</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7070/fh2ammWI">IBM 7070</a> (6/60)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></li> <li><a href="http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/0034.html">Japan Electrotechnical Laboratory ETL Mark V</a> (5/60)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mitsubishi/ac1qkNMu">Mitsubishi</a> MELCOM 3409</li> <li><a href="/facts/Clary_DE-60/YsKljJ0g">Clary DE-60</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Monrobot_XI/BFjjEcje">Monroe Calculating Machine Mark XI (or "Monrobot XI")</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Packard_Bell_Corporation/KFNwLeP5">Packard Bell Corporation</a> <a href="/facts/PB_250/xjBhFJVA">PB 250</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> (PB250; no relation to the modern brand of <a href="/facts/Personal_computer/koaYfNce">personal computers</a>) used, among others, as the controller for hybrid digital/analog system TRICE<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> and HYCOMP 250,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> and as the control computer for mobile data systems<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Philco/uJs9yv81">Philco</a> TRANSAC <a href="/facts/Philco_computers/E5jQv0k7">S-2000</a> Model 211</li> <li><a href="/facts/RCA/NWyjNN6R">RCA</a> 301</li></ul> <h3>1961</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Plessey/JM0dv46r">Plessey</a> XL4</li> <li><a href="/facts/MANIAC_III/gxUW9bHl">MANIAC III</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CAB_500/InGDs5pv">CAB 500</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/LEO_(computer)/V9PBt9qA">LEO III</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/English_Electric_KDP10/nko5qjgn">English Electric KDP10</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bendix_G-20/UqFwdrxj">Bendix G-20</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/NEC/YnlUsMBA">NEC</a> NEAC 2205</li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_160A/U0tBN1cx">CDC 160A</a> (7/61)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_924/nw5vBQok">CDC 924</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_924/nw5vBQok">CDC 924</a>A (8/61)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fujitsu/6e5gvNSa">Fujitsu</a> FACOM 222</li> <li><a href="/facts/GE-200_series/Ifrh61Lo">GE-200 series</a> <ul><li>GE-225 1961</li> <li>GE-215 1963</li> <li>GE-205,235 1964</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/DATANET-30/yPy3QnfP">GE Datanet 30</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> 400 (12/61)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1410/JnYxAHWE">IBM 1410</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7030_Stretch/V8SdUp00">IBM 7030 Stretch</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7074/fh2ammWI">IBM 7074</a> (12/51)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Konrad_Zuse/yrvbaEg3">Zuse</a> <a href="/facts/Z23_(computer)/rp5XtBpL">Z23</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7080/IBoeVqyQ">IBM 7080</a> (9/61)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1710/099ACAsh">IBM 1710</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Panasonic/TqkBQmgj">Matsushita</a> MADIC IIA</li> <li><a href="/facts/RCA/NWyjNN6R">RCA</a> 301 (2/61)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/TRW_Inc./PBxh9uWH">TRW</a>-130 aka <a href="/facts/Transit_(satellite)/tXAvVaWb">AN/UYK-1</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> for <a href="/facts/Transit_(satellite)/tXAvVaWb">Transit</a> submarine navigation satellite receivers</li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_490/HSlpNr6f">UNIVAC 490</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Regnecentralen/0tbTMur4">Regnecentralen</a> GIER<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>1962</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Philco_computers/E5jQv0k7">Philco</a> <a href="/facts/Philco_computers/E5jQv0k7">TRANSAC S-2000</a> Model 212</li> <li><a href="/facts/Atlas_Computer_(Manchester)/zz48u0jp">Atlas Computer (Manchester)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/ASC-15/5LD2vogw">ASC-15</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Burroughs_Corporation/NAEwIvpU">Burroughs</a> D825<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_1604/nw5vBQok">CDC 1604</a>-A<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Digital_Equipment_Corporation/ztxs6keA">DEC</a> <a href="/facts/PDP-4/oP3eBKVA">PDP-4</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> <a href="/facts/GE-200_series/Ifrh61Lo">412</a> (7/62)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1620_Model_II/yRqdvqt0">IBM 1620 Model II</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/ICT_1301/IergCpsu">ICT 1301</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/ILLIAC_II/YKcBPB9V">ILLIAC II</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1004/FhJlhtva">UNIVAC 1004</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1107/F4JQVK33">UNIVAC 1107</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_III/4kM7qbbK">UNIVAC III</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7072/fh2ammWI">IBM 7072</a> (6/62)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7090/RpY2uI1k">IBM 7094</a> (9/62)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Autonetics/qCF4yGJS">Autonetics</a> <a href="/facts/D-17B/vFCL4t6W">D-17B</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Royal_Radar_Establishment_Automatic_Computer/I3kJUxU6">Royal Radar Establishment Automatic Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Telefunken/y3fA4t3J">Telefunken</a> TR4</li> <li>RW-400 aka AN/FSQ-27 by <a href="/facts/TRW_Inc./PBxh9uWH">TRW</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_9xx_computers/fJJLo8Iq">SDS 910</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_9xx_computers/fJJLo8Iq">SDS 920</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Elwro/BEtM4Fel">Odra 1002</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ferranti_Argus/vPGbok0P">Ferranti Argus</a> – first delivery in 1962, renamed to <a href="/facts/Ferranti_Argus/vPGbok0P">Argus 200</a> in 1963</li> <li><a href="/facts/Librascope/v5Qrc265">Librascope</a> <a href="/facts/Librascope/v5Qrc265">L-2010</a></li></ul> <h3>1963</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Librascope/v5Qrc265">Librascope</a> LGP-21</li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1440/RqERKDmX">IBM 1440</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7010/8Gh15FSj">IBM 7010</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7040/zyVao7To">IBM 7040</a> and IBM 7044</li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_3000/s4DQdR7Y">CDC 3000</a> series, <a href="/facts/CDC_3000_series/s4DQdR7Y">5 models (1963-1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Digital_Equipment_Corporation/ztxs6keA">DEC</a> PDP-5</li> <li><a href="/facts/Elliott_Brothers_(computer_company)/rN9mTIhk">Elliott</a> <a href="/facts/Elliott_503/VWtMfepu">503</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ferranti-Packard_6000/USQgfdh7">Ferranti-Packard 6000</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ferranti_Argus/vPGbok0P">Ferranti Argus</a> 100</li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> 1400 (12/63)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> <a href="/facts/Honeywell_800/ya5eLMXm">1800</a> (11/63)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Computer_Control_Company/rqJ8cMAh">Computer Control Company</a> <a href="/facts/DDP-24/LarXW8l4">DDP-24</a> (6/63)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/RCA/NWyjNN6R">RCA</a> 601<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_418/wnVg1wXb">UNIVAC 418</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1050/jTPMvz3F">UNIVAC 1050</a> III*<a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1050/jTPMvz3F">UNIVAC 1050</a> III (9/63)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_9xx_computers/fJJLo8Iq">SDS 9300</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/BESM/TGErq5ac">BESM</a> 3M, 4 circa 1963</li> <li>Siemens 3003<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Saturn_Launch_Vehicle_Digital_Computer/cPcKqDsI">IBM Saturn Launch Vehicle Computer</a> (hybrid, August 1963)</li></ul> <h3>1964</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Burroughs_B5500/FwY7EqrB">Burroughs B5500</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_1604/nw5vBQok">CDC 1604</a>B<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Digital_Equipment_Corporation/ztxs6keA">DEC</a> <a href="/facts/PDP-7/DzyogXEE">PDP-7</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/DEC_PDP-8/udvrynE8">DEC PDP-8</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_7090/RpY2uI1k">IBM 7094 II</a> (4/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> 235 (4/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/GE-400_series/GypnsscC">GE-400 series</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> <a href="/facts/GE-400_series/GypnsscC">415</a> (5/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> <a href="/facts/GE-400_series/GypnsscC">425</a> (6/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/English_Electric_KDF8/nko5qjgn">English Electric KDF8</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/English_Electric_KDF9/dL86KwG2">English Electric KDF9</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> 200/200 (7/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> 200/2200 (12/65)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/RCA/NWyjNN6R">RCA</a> 3301 (7/64)<a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/Adams-p054.gif">[1]</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_9xx_computers/fJJLo8Iq">SDS 925</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_930/yxpIerIj">SDS 930</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1004/FhJlhtva">UNIVAC 1004</a> II, III (6/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_160/U0tBN1cx">CDC 160</a>G (4/64)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_6600/QpnT1Ltl">CDC 6600</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Titan_(1963_computer)/WNoFNzxa">Titan (1963 computer)</a> (Atlas 2)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bunker_Ramo_Corporation/65D1FCu9">Bunker-Ramo</a> BR-133<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a> aka AN/UYK-3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UMC_(Computer)/sNJwto7Q">UMC-10</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/PDP-6/dlvBVlr8">PDP-6</a></li></ul> <h3>1965</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/ICT_1900_series/P5wtuSGU">ICT 1900 series</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_1604/nw5vBQok">CDC 1604</a>-C<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> <a href="/facts/GE-400_series/GypnsscC">435</a> (9/65)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/GE-600_series/mHM0TeUS">GE-600 series</a> (some integrated circuits)</li> <li><a href="/facts/NCR_315-RMC/P4jCBhRE">NCR 315-RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/PDP-8/udvrynE8">PDP-8 & 8S</a> (1965 & 1966)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_System%2f360/7znvpy4K">IBM System/360</a> family, 14 models <a href="/facts/IBM_System%2f360/7znvpy4K">(1965-1971)</a>. Used <a href="/facts/IBM_Solid_Logic_Technology/Uhd3R3PR">IBM SLT</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Hybrid_circuit/LbHBe5L3">hybrid circuits</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1130/zQ9Acd05">IBM 1130</a> IBM's least-expensive computer at that time, also used <a href="/facts/Hybrid_circuit/LbHBe5L3">hybrid circuits</a> (<a href="/facts/IBM_Solid_Logic_Technology/Uhd3R3PR">IBM SLT</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_M44%2f44X/z3I31hrs">IBM M44/44X</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_940/sXGtoKny">SDS 940</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/TRASK_(computer)/Wr3WXDG0">TRASK</a>, transistor version of <a href="/facts/BESK/fhdXjGCu">BESK</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Model_109/koNa74h4">Model 109-B</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ural_(computer)/AXnG6Qdz">Ural computer family</a>, 3 models (1965-1969)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a></li> <li>Fabri-Tek BI-TRAN SIX Computer Educational System<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_316/mLXv2hUF">Computer Control DDP-116 & 124</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Marconi_Myriad/xkdpoldB">Marconi Myriad</a> I, Ferranti Minicor I <a href="/facts/Hybrid_integrated_circuit/LbHBe5L3">hybrid</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Diode%25E2%2580%2593transistor_logic/DmLg6WBK">diode–transistor logic</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1108/F4JQVK33">UNIVAC 1108 II</a> (9/65)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>1966</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/CDC_6400/WDWo1psf">CDC 6400</a> (June 1966)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Digital_Equipment_Corporation/ztxs6keA">DEC</a> PDP-8/S</li> <li><a href="/facts/Digital_Equipment_Corporation/ztxs6keA">DEC</a> <a href="/facts/PDP-9/Jnq93YTI">PDP-9</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Electric/bBm5CzVY">GE</a> 115 (4/66)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> <a href="/facts/Honeywell_200/qvJskpHn">200</a>/120 (2/66)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> <a href="/facts/Honeywell_200/qvJskpHn">200</a>/1200 (1/66)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> <a href="/facts/Honeywell_200/qvJskpHn">200</a>/4200 (12/66)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/IBM_1800/eA6tPLzq">IBM 1800</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_940/sXGtoKny">SDS 940</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_Sigma_2/56e0aEVA">SDS Sigma 2</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_494/FhJlhtva">UNIVAC 494</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1005/FhJlhtva">UNIVAC 1005</a> I, II, III (2/66)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>1967</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/CER-22/jkeyz5sx">CER-22</a></li> <li>D4a built in 1963 by Joachim Lehmann at the <a href="/facts/TU_Dresden/FtSpjB7n">TU Dresden</a> in about 10 exemplars.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a> After modifications produced from 1967 as Cellatron 8201.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89"><sup>89</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90"><sup>90</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91"><sup>91</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92"><sup>92</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93"><sup>93</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94"><sup>94</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Honeywell_Information_Systems/qjkujlwJ">Honeywell</a> <a href="/facts/Honeywell_200/qvJskpHn">200</a>/<a href="/facts/Honeywell_800/ya5eLMXm">8200</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95"><sup>95</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>1968</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/PDP-10/zlfam4wk">PDP-10</a> (first model only – later versions used ICs)</li> <li><a href="/facts/SDS_9xx_computers/fJJLo8Iq">SDS 945</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/BESM-6/PfjAGjGL">BESM-6</a> (first model only – later versions used ICs)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Moscow_Power_Engineering_Institute/8qFBmxao">Moscow Power Engineering Institute</a> M-54<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96"><sup>96</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Digico_Micro_16/HITsWwaz">Digico Micro 16</a></li></ul> <h3>1969</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/CDC_6700/WDWo1psf">CDC 6700</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CDC_7600/Rgu6spkG">CDC 7600</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Olivetti_Elea/cNXxt8la">GE 105</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/GE-615/mHM0TeUS">GE-615</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/UNIVAC_1106/F4JQVK33">UNIVAC 1106</a></li> <li>Univac 400</li> <li><a href="/facts/PDP-12/VvXs1uA6">PDP-12</a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Transistor_count/1oDVlhAY">Transistor count § Transistor computers</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_vacuum_tube_computers/LekQ3jN1">List of vacuum tube computers</a></li></ul> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Fransman, Martin (1993-02-25). The Market and Beyond: Cooperation and Competition in Information Technology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 19–20. ISBN 9780521435253. <a href="9780521435253" target="_blank">9780521435253</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Early Computers, Information Processing Society of Japan <a href="http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/index.html" target="_blank">http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/index.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>【Electrotechnical Laboratory】 ETL Mark III Transistor-Based Computer, Information Processing Society of Japan <a href="http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/0011.html" target="_blank">http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/0011.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Early Computers: Brief History, Information Processing Society of Japan <a href="http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/history.html" target="_blank">http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/history.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Grabbe, E. M. (February 7, 1957), "The Ramo- Wooldridge Corporation" (PDF), SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS, Instrumentation and Control in the Process Industries Conference, Chicago, p. 5{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/trw/papers/Grabbe_Some_Recent_Developments_in_Digital_Control_systems_Feb57.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/trw/papers/Grabbe_Some_Recent_Developments_in_Digital_Control_systems_Feb57.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"RW-30 advertisement". The Michigan Technic. LXXVI (4). UM Libraries: 61. January 1958. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DxkkAAAAMAAJ&q=RW-30+computer&pg=PA61" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=DxkkAAAAMAAJ&q=RW-30+computer&pg=PA61</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Boslaugh, David L. (2003). When Computers Went to Sea: The Digitization of the United States Navy. John Wiley & Sons. p. 113. ISBN 9780471472209. <a href="9780471472209" target="_blank">9780471472209</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"The DRTE Computer". friendsofcrc.ca. Retrieved 2017-12-28. <a href="http://friendsofcrc.ca/Projects/DRTEComputer/TheDRTEComputer-p3.html" target="_blank">http://friendsofcrc.ca/Projects/DRTEComputer/TheDRTEComputer-p3.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Sigeru Takahashi (April–June 1986). "Early Transistor Computers in Japan". Annals of the History of Computing. 8 (2): 144–154. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1986.10039. <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4640406" target="_blank">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4640406</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Katsuhiko Noda (June 27, 1966). "Success story: Japanese originals" (PDF). Electronics. 39 (13): 93. <a href="https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Electronics/60s/66/Electronics-1966-06-27.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Electronics/60s/66/Electronics-1966-06-27.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"ETL Mark IV" <a href="https://www.ithistory.org/db/hardware/electrotechnical-laboratory/etl-mark-iv-0" target="_blank">https://www.ithistory.org/db/hardware/electrotechnical-laboratory/etl-mark-iv-0</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"ETL Mark IV A". <a href="https://www.ithistory.org/db/hardware/electrotechnical-laboratory/etl-mark-iv" target="_blank">https://www.ithistory.org/db/hardware/electrotechnical-laboratory/etl-mark-iv</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Saul Rosen (June 1991). PHILCO: Some Recollections of the PHILCO TRANSAC S-2000 (Computer Science Technical Reports / Purdue e-Pubs). Purdue University. Here: page 2 <a href="/wiki/Saul_Rosen" target="_blank">/wiki/Saul_Rosen</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"READERS' AND EDITOR'S FORUM: The Siemens 2002, MAJER-TRENDEL" (PDF). Computers and Automation. 10 (3): 21. March 1961. <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Computers_And_Automation/196103.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Computers_And_Automation/196103.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"COMPUTERS AND CENTERS, OVERSEAS: 10. Siemens & Halske AG, Siemens 2002, Munich, Germany". Digital Computer Newsletter. 11 (2): 19–23. April 1959. <a href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694632" target="_blank">https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694632</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"COMPUTERS AND CENTERS, OVERSEAS: 10. Siemens & Halske AG, Siemens 2002, Munich, Germany". Digital Computer Newsletter. 12 (1): 19–20. January 1960. <a href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694659" target="_blank">https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694659</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Computer Characteristics Quarterly (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 44. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Weik, Martin H. (March 1961). "RW-300". A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems. Ballistic Research Laboratories Report No. 1115. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-r.html#RW-300" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-r.html#RW-300</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Isaac L. Auerbach (January 1961). "European Information Technology - A Report on the Industry and the State-of-the-Art" (PDF). Proceedings of the IRE. 49 (1): 347. <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/auerbach/European_EDP_Jan61.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/auerbach/European_EDP_Jan61.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"REFERENCE INFORMATION: A Survey of European Digital Computers, Part 2" (PDF). Computers and Automation. 9 (3): 28–29. March 1960. <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Computers_And_Automation/196003.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Computers_And_Automation/196003.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"COMPUTERS AND CENTERS, OVERSEAS: 1. Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG, ER 56, Stuttgart, Germany". Digital Computer Newsletter. 12 (2): 13–14. April 1960. <a href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694660" target="_blank">https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694660</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Foulkes, Ron (Summer 2008). "Computers at Metrovick : the MV 950 & AEI 1010". Resurrection: The Bulletin of the Computer Conservation Society (43). ISSN 0958-7403. <a href="http://www.computerconservationsociety.org/resurrection/res43.htm#f" target="_blank">http://www.computerconservationsociety.org/resurrection/res43.htm#f</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 12. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"Control Data Corporation". Computing History. The Minnesota Computing History Project. 15 July 2018. <a href="https://mncomputinghistory.com/control-data-corporation/" target="_blank">https://mncomputinghistory.com/control-data-corporation/</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 44. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Beck, Robert Mark (30 December 1960). PB-250 - A High Speed Serial General Purpose Computer Using Magnetostrictive Delay Line Storage. 1960 Fall Joint Computer Conference. p. 284. doi:10.1109/afips.1960.58. The first production computer was delivered in October 1960. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>"PB-250". The Retro-Computing Society of RI, Inc. <a href="http://www.rcsri.org/collection/pb-250/" target="_blank">http://www.rcsri.org/collection/pb-250/</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Weik, Martin H. (March 1961). "PACKARD BELL 250". A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems. Ballistic Research Laboratories Report No. 1115. <a href="http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-p.html#PACKARD-BELL-250" target="_blank">http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-p.html#PACKARD-BELL-250</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Programming manual for TRICE and other material on DDA's 2nd edition | 102664334 | Computer History Museum. Packard Bell Electronics. Packard Bell Computer. 3 May 1960. <a href="http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102664334" target="_blank">http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102664334</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>Weik, Martin H. (March 1961). "TRICE". A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems. Ballistic Research Laboratories Report No. 1115. <a href="http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-t.html#TRICE" target="_blank">http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-t.html#TRICE</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"Packard Bell Computer | Selling the Computer Revolution | Computer History Museum". www.computerhistory.org. <a href="http://www.computerhistory.org/brochures/m-p/packard-bell-computer/" target="_blank">http://www.computerhistory.org/brochures/m-p/packard-bell-computer/</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>"ACROSS THE EDITOR'S DESK: New Firms, Divisions, and Mergers - ON-CALL DATA VANS FOR HIRE" (PDF). Computers and Automation. XI (7): 28. July 1962. <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Computers_And_Automation/196207.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Computers_And_Automation/196207.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 12. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>"Control Data Corporation Collection - Historical Timeline". Charles Babbage Institute. <a href="http://www.cbi.umn.edu/collections/cdc/histtimeline.html" target="_blank">http://www.cbi.umn.edu/collections/cdc/histtimeline.html</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:35"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 12. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:36"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 32. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:37"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 44. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:38"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 44. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:39"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 54. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:40"><p>"AN/UYK-1 - A "Stored Logic" Multiple Purpose Computer" (PDF). Ramo-Woolridge. 1961-04-21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-30. Retrieved 2011-10-19. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110930122620/http://www.dvq.com/docs/misc/an_uyk-1.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110930122620/http://www.dvq.com/docs/misc/an_uyk-1.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:41"><p>Isaac L. Auerbach (January 1961). "European Information Technology - A Report on the Industry and the State-of-the-Art" (PDF). Proceedings of the IRE. 49 (1): 347. <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/auerbach/European_EDP_Jan61.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/auerbach/European_EDP_Jan61.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:42"><p>James P. Anderson; Samuel A. Hoffman; Joseph Shifman; Robert J. Williams (1962), D825 - a multiple-computer system for command & control, Proceedings of the Fall Joint Computer Conference, Spartan, pp. 86–96, doi:10.1109/AFIPS.1962.41 <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:43"><p>"advertisement" (PDF). Datamation. Vol. 8, no. 11. FRANK D. THOMPSON. Nov 1962. pp. 12–14. <a href="http://bitsavers.org/magazines/Datamation/196211.pdf" target="_blank">http://bitsavers.org/magazines/Datamation/196211.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:44"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 26. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:45"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 44. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:46"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 44. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:47"><p>Weik, Martin H. (March 1961). "RW 400". A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems. Ballistic Research Laboratories Report No. 1115. <a href="http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-r.html#RW-400" target="_blank">http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-r.html#RW-400</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:48"><p>Helfinstein, Bert (1961-02-01). "Programming Manual AN/FSQ-27 (RW-400)" (PDF) (second ed.). Ramo-Woolridge. <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/trw/rw-400/AN-FSQ-27_RW-400_Programming_Man_Feb61.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/trw/rw-400/AN-FSQ-27_RW-400_Programming_Man_Feb61.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:49"><p>"RW-400 Notes" (PDF). <a href="http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/trw/rw-400/RW-400_Notes.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/trw/rw-400/RW-400_Notes.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:50"><p>Culler, Glen; Huff, Robert (1962), "Managing Requirements Knowledge, International Workshop on", Solution of Non-Linear Integral Equations Using on-Line Computer Control, Proceedings of the Spring Joint Computer Conference, San Francisco, pp. 129–138, doi:10.1109/AFIPS.1962.26{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:51"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 32. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:52"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 32. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:53"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 32. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:54"><p>"News Briefs in Datamation 1st 601 is on the air at NJ Bell" (PDF), Datamation, vol. 9, no. 6, GARDNER F. LANDON, p. 52 <a href="http://bitsavers.org/magazines/Datamation/196306.pdf" target="_blank">http://bitsavers.org/magazines/Datamation/196306.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:55"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 62. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:56"><p>"COMPUTERS AND CENTERS, OVERSEAS: 2. Siemens and Halske A.G., 2002 and 3003 Computing Systems, Munich, Germany". Digital Computer Newsletter. 16 (2): 10–14. Apr 1964. <a href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694640" target="_blank">https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0694640</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:57"><p>"The Air Force comptroller". October 1967. Retrieved September 6, 2020. the 1604B was a three year old second generation computer [in 1967] <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0xoSTNZ10q0C&q=CDC+%221604B%22+computer&pg=RA2-PA32" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=0xoSTNZ10q0C&q=CDC+%221604B%22+computer&pg=RA2-PA32</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:58"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 46. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:59"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 26. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:60"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 26. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:61"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 26. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:61" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:62"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 30. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:62" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:63"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 30. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:63" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:64"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 62. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:64" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:65"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 12. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:65" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:66"><p>trw :: BR-133 Brochure May64. May 1964. <a href="https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_trwBR133Br_2262389" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_trwBR133Br_2262389</a> <a href="#fnref:66" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:67"><p>"AN/UYK-3 General Purpose Computer". <a href="http://www.jproc.ca/rrp/uyk3.html" target="_blank">http://www.jproc.ca/rrp/uyk3.html</a> <a href="#fnref:67" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:68"><p>"Record of Revisions". Reference Manual Control Data 1604-Computer (PDF). CDC. <a href="http://bitsavers.org/pdf/cdc/1604/60016700F_1604-C_Reference_Nov67.pdf" target="_blank">http://bitsavers.org/pdf/cdc/1604/60016700F_1604-C_Reference_Nov67.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:68" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:69"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 26. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:69" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:70"><p>Jones, Douglas W. "The PDP-8". THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA Department of Computer Science. Retrieved May 30, 2018. <a href="http://homepage.divms.uiowa.edu/~jones/pdp8/models/#PDP8S" target="_blank">http://homepage.divms.uiowa.edu/~jones/pdp8/models/#PDP8S</a> <a href="#fnref:70" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:71"><p>Davis, E.M.; et al. (April 1964). "Solid Logic Technology: Versatile, High-Performance Microelectronics". IBM Journal of Research and Development. 8 (2): 102–114. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.87.4832. doi:10.1147/rd.82.0102. A new microelectronics technique called Solid Logic Technology, or SLT, is utilized in the new family of IBM/360 computers. This new technology provides a hybrid, integrated circuit module which combines discrete, glass-encapsulated silicon transistors and diodes with stencil-screened land patterns and precision passive components. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:71" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:72"><p>Davis, E.M.; et al. (April 1964). "Solid Logic Technology: Versatile, High-Performance Microelectronics". IBM Journal of Research and Development. 8 (2): 102–114. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.87.4832. doi:10.1147/rd.82.0102. A new microelectronics technique called Solid Logic Technology, or SLT, is utilized in the new family of IBM/360 computers. This new technology provides a hybrid, integrated circuit module which combines discrete, glass-encapsulated silicon transistors and diodes with stencil-screened land patterns and precision passive components. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:72" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:73"><p>"Electronic Digital Computer Ural-11 (Урал-11)". <a href="http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ural_11.php" target="_blank">http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ural_11.php</a> <a href="#fnref:73" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:74"><p>"Electronic Digital Computer Ural-14 (Урал-14)". <a href="http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ural_14.php" target="_blank">http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ural_14.php</a> <a href="#fnref:74" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:75"><p>"Electronic Digital Computer Ural-16 (Урал-16)". <a href="http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ural_16.php" target="_blank">http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ural_16.php</a> <a href="#fnref:75" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:76"><p>"BI-TRAN SIX ad". Computers and Automation. March 1965. <a href="https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_computersA_9556582/page/n9?q=%22This+computer+does+absolutely+nothing%22" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_computersA_9556582/page/n9?q=%22This+computer+does+absolutely+nothing%22</a> <a href="#fnref:76" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:77"><p>"COMPUTER SCHEMATICS: 4. Bi-Tran Six". Amateur Computer Society Newsletter (1): 4. Aug 1966. <a href="http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102654910" target="_blank">http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102654910</a> <a href="#fnref:77" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:78"><p>"AnyCPU - View topic - Early trainer computers from 1965 and 1972". www.anycpu.org. <a href="http://www.anycpu.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=542" target="_blank">http://www.anycpu.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=542</a> <a href="#fnref:78" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:79"><p>"FABRI-TEK INTRODUCES NEW CONTROL KEYBOARD CONSOLE FOR BI-TRAN SIX COMPUTER". Computers and Automation: 61. October 1968. <a href="https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_computersA_9801715" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_computersA_9801715</a> <a href="#fnref:79" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:80"><p>"Imgur BI-TRAN SIX image galleries". Imgur. <a href="https://imgur.com/search?q=%22BI-TRAN+SIX%22" target="_blank">https://imgur.com/search?q=%22BI-TRAN+SIX%22</a> <a href="#fnref:80" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:81"><p>Georghiou, Luke; Evans, Janet; Ray, Tim; Metcalfe, J. Stanley; Gibbons, Michael (1986-03-10). "PART II CASE-STUDIES: 9. Ferranti: Monolithic Microcircuits". Post-Innovation Performance: Technological Development and Competition. Springer. pp. 146–156. ISBN 9781349074556. <a href="9781349074556" target="_blank">9781349074556</a> <a href="#fnref:81" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:82"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 62. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:82" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:83"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 24. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:83" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:84"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 30. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:84" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:85"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 30. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:85" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:86"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 30. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:86" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:87"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 62. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:87" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:88"><p>Used for training and research purposes. <a href="#fnref:88" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:89"><p>Revised in 1969 as Cellatron 8205. <a href="#fnref:89" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:90"><p>"Computer D4A". www.robotrontechnik.de (in German). Retrieved 2018-11-05. <a href="http://www.robotrontechnik.de/html/computer/d4a.htm" target="_blank">http://www.robotrontechnik.de/html/computer/d4a.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:90" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:91"><p>"Rechenautomaten mit Trommelspeicher" [Calculating machines with drum memory]. www.fv-tsd.de (in German). <a href="http://www.fv-tsd.de/index.php?id=42" target="_blank">http://www.fv-tsd.de/index.php?id=42</a> <a href="#fnref:91" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:92"><p>Robotron Erzeugnislisten (in German). p. 5. <a href="https://archive.org/stream/RobotronErzeugnislisten/ErzeugnisseRobotron#page/n3/mode/2up/search/d4a" target="_blank">https://archive.org/stream/RobotronErzeugnislisten/ErzeugnisseRobotron#page/n3/mode/2up/search/d4a</a> <a href="#fnref:92" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:93"><p>"Mercedes Büromaschinen-Werke in Zella-Mehlis – Rechenschieber.org" [Mercedes office machines in Zella-Mehlis – Rechenschieber.org]. www.rechenschieber.org (in German). 2009. pp. 22–28. <a href="http://www.rechenschieber.org/2009/04/mercedes-bueromaschinen-werke-in-zella-mehlis/" target="_blank">http://www.rechenschieber.org/2009/04/mercedes-bueromaschinen-werke-in-zella-mehlis/</a> <a href="#fnref:93" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:94"><p>"Das Leben und Wirken von Prof. N. J. Lehmann" [The life and work of prof. N. J. Lehmann]. www.math.tu-dresden.de (in German). pp. 15–19. <a href="http://www.math.tu-dresden.de/wir/staff/ludwig/ludwig.html#B" target="_blank">http://www.math.tu-dresden.de/wir/staff/ludwig/ludwig.html#B</a> <a href="#fnref:94" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:95"><p>"Computer Characteristics Quarterly" (PDF). Adams Associates. 1967. p. 32. <a href="http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf" target="_blank">http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/AdamsReport1967Q1-2.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:95" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:96"><p>U.S. Government Research & Development Reports. National Technical Information Service. 1971. p. 102. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pm8Z44D8xTkC&q=%22M-54%22&pg=PA102" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=Pm8Z44D8xTkC&q=%22M-54%22&pg=PA102</a> <a href="#fnref:96" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>