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James Randi Educational Foundation
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>The James Randi Educational Foundation (JREF) officially came into existence on February 29, 1996, when it was registered as a nonprofit corporation in the State of <a href="/facts/Delaware/4n4I3Rhu">Delaware</a> in the United States.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> On April 3, 1996, <a href="/facts/James_Randi/qvDsG0vp">James Randi</a> formally announced the creation of JREF through his email hotline.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <blockquote><p>THE FOUNDATION IS IN BUSINESS! It is my great pleasure to announce the creation of the James Randi Educational Foundation. This is a non-profit, tax-exempt, educational foundation under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code, incorporated in the State of Delaware. The Foundation is generously funded by a sponsor in Washington D.C. who wishes, at this point in time, to remain anonymous.</p>— <i>The Foundation</i>, Randi Hotline, Wed, April 3, 1996</blockquote> <p>JREF is now headquartered in <a href="/facts/Falls_Church,_Virginia/MUnWLo0w">Falls Church, Virginia</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>Randi stated that <a href="/facts/Johnny_Carson/F0cHoC0R">Johnny Carson</a> was a major sponsor, giving several six-figure donations.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p>From 2003 to 2015, JREF annually hosted <a href="/facts/The_Amazing_Meeting/aEJphRUL">The Amazing Meeting</a> (styled as The Amaz!ng Meeting), a gathering of <a href="/facts/Scientist/JDvthEFM">scientists</a>, <a href="/facts/Skeptic/qXAgbbVT">skeptics</a>, and <a href="/facts/Atheist/patUWN1f">atheists</a>. Perennial speakers included <a href="/facts/Richard_Dawkins/x8Q24PJG">Richard Dawkins</a>, <a href="/facts/Penn_%26_Teller/vhuP16U7">Penn & Teller</a>, <a href="/facts/Phil_Plait/Jr1zUlQl">Phil Plait</a>, <a href="/facts/Michael_Shermer/QcemNj2S">Michael Shermer</a>, and <a href="/facts/Adam_Savage/tLId5UeJ">Adam Savage</a>. </p><p>In 2008, the astronomer <a href="/facts/Philip_Plait/Jr1zUlQl">Philip Plait</a> became the new president of JREF, and Randi became its board chairman.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> In December 2009, Plait left JREF due to involvement in a television project, and <a href="/facts/D.J._Grothe/sSv5a66z">D.J. Grothe</a> assumed the position of president on January 1, 2010,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> holding the position until his departure from the organization was announced on September 1, 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p><p>The San Francisco newspaper <i>SF Weekly</i> reported in August 2009, that Randi's annual salary was about $200,000.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>Randi resigned from JREF in 2015.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><p>As of January 2024, JREF leadership consisted of:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> <ul><li>President: <a href="/facts/Banachek/UBqaKDLT">Banachek</a> (Steven Shaw) of <a href="/facts/Las_Vegas,_Nevada/DLwGjxJt">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li>Secretary: Daniel Denman of <a href="/facts/Silver_Spring,_Maryland/JlVlKDsU">Silver Spring, Maryland</a></li> <li>Treasurer / Assistant Secretary: Richard L. Adams Jr. of <a href="/facts/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida/b7BkS7KM">Fort Lauderdale, Florida</a></li></ul> <h2 id="one-million-dollar-paranormal-challenge">One Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge</h2> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/One_Million_Dollar_Paranormal_Challenge/TdYFwGW4">One Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge</a></p> <p>In 1964, Randi began offering a prize of US$1,000 to anyone who could demonstrate a paranormal ability under agreed-upon testing conditions. This prize was later increased to US$1 million in bonds and was administered by JREF. Since its inception, more than 1,000 people applied to be tested. </p><p>The Challenge was eventually terminated,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> with JREF noting in 2015, "We can no longer justify the resources to interact with these people."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> No applicants managed to demonstrate their claimed abilities under the testing conditions, with all applicants either failing to demonstrate the claimed ability during the test or deviating from the foundation conditions for taking the test such that any apparent success was held invalid; thus, the prize was not awarded. </p> <h2 id="podcasts-and-videos">Podcasts and videos</h2> <p>The foundation produced two audio podcasts, <i>For Good Reason</i> which was an interview program hosted by <a href="/facts/D.J._Grothe/sSv5a66z">D.J. Grothe</a>, promoting critical thinking and skepticism about the central beliefs of society. It has not been active since December 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> <i>Consequence</i> was a biweekly podcast hosted by former outreach coordinator Brian Thompson in which regular people shared their personal narratives about the negative impact a belief in <a href="/facts/Pseudoscience/kdNzoLeS">pseudoscience</a>, <a href="/facts/Superstition/XB63u3qt">superstition</a>, and the <a href="/facts/Paranormal/0BeTVPJC">paranormal</a> had had on their lives. It has not been active since May, 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p><p>The JREF also produced a regular video cast and <a href="/facts/YouTube/db276jst">YouTube</a> show, <i>The Randi Show</i>, in which former JREF outreach coordinator Brian Thompson interviewed Randi on a variety of skeptical topics, often with lighthearted or comedic commentary.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> It has not been active since August 2012. In November 2015, <a href="/facts/Harriet_A._Hall/SfRpF5Cg">Harriet Hall</a> produced a series of ten lectures called <i>Science Based Medicine</i> for the JREF. The videos deal with various complementary alternative medicine subjects including <a href="/facts/Homeopathy/WVPa8Qwz">homeopathy</a>, <a href="/facts/Chiropractic/GzfjsnFv">chiropractic</a>, <a href="/facts/Acupuncture/7wxdsmUL">acupuncture</a>, and more.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p><p>The JREF posted many of its educational videos from The Amaz!ng Meeting and other events online. There are lectures by <a href="/facts/Neil_DeGrasse_Tyson/WAFgJe8A">Neil DeGrasse Tyson</a>, <a href="/facts/Carol_Tavris/s0BKo2Mf">Carol Tavris</a>, <a href="/facts/Lawrence_Krauss/8K0crxdf">Lawrence Krauss</a>, live tests of the One Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge, workshops on <a href="/facts/Cold_reading/j38HX0gF">cold reading</a> by <a href="/facts/Ray_Hyman/bY3f67pn">Ray Hyman</a>, and panels featuring leading thinking on various topics related to JREF's educational mission on the JREF YouTube channel.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> JREF past president D.J. Grothe has claimed that the JREF's YouTube channel was once the "10th most subscribed nonprofit channel of all time",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> though its status in 2013 was 39th and most non-profits do not register for this status.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>The foundation produced its own "Internet Audio Show" which ran January–December 2002 and was broadcast via a live stream. The archive can be found as mp3 files on the JREF website<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> and as a podcast on iTunes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="forum-and-online-community">Forum and online community</h2> <p>As part of the JREF's goal of educating the general population about science and reason, people involved in their community ran a popular skeptic based online forum<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> with the overall goal of promoting "critical thinking and providing the public with the tools needed to reliably examine paranormal, supernatural, and pseudoscientific claims".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> </p><p>On October 5, 2014, this online forum was divorced from the JREF and moved as its own entity to International Skeptics Forum. </p> <p>The JREF has also helped to support local grassroot efforts and outreach endeavors, such as <a href="/facts/SkeptiCamp/zpDEgteA">SkeptiCamp</a>, <a href="/facts/Camp_Inquiry/dwaJb8HL">Camp Inquiry</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> and various community-organized conferences.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> However, according to their tax filing, they spend less than $2,000 a year on other organizations or individuals.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="jref-award">JREF Award</h2> <p>The JREF Award "is given to the person or organization that best represents the spirit of the foundation by encouraging critical questions and seeking unbiased, fact-based answers." Some of the recipients include the following: </p> <ul><li>2017: <a href="/facts/Susan_Gerbic/rh5aIwQC">Susan Gerbic</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/facts/Jen_Gunter/YFyqLacg">Jen Gunter</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/facts/Sarah_McAnulty/suBvDyEh">Sarah McAnulty</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></li> <li>2022: Kathleen Dyer and <a href="/facts/Raymond_E._Hall/Dz5VuI9m">Raymond Hall</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></li> <li>2023: Janyce Boynton<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/facts/Office_for_Science_and_Society/3mV8FB4v">Office for Science and Society</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/An_Encyclopedia_of_Claims,_Frauds,_and_Hoaxes_of_the_Occult_and_Supernatural/stoe2Ls5">An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural</a></i> (by Randi)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Debunker/71S1AR3x">Debunker</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_prizes_for_evidence_of_the_paranormal/rLuUo0Rn">List of prizes for evidence of the paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pigasus_Award/lTEdlMB6">Pigasus Award</a></li> <li>Rationalist <a href="/facts/Prabir_Ghosh/bLak3V6y">Prabir Ghosh</a> increases his challenge amount to $50,000 against any claim of paranormal, after surviving nine assassination attempts.</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/The_Skeptic%27s_Dictionary/K4KbAV6h">The Skeptic's Dictionary</a></i>, by <a href="/facts/Robert_Todd_Carroll/0JzqlXe0">Robert Todd Carroll</a></li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Milbourne_Christopher/smPExfMq">Christopher, Milbourne</a> (1975). <i>Mediums, Mystics, & the Occult</i>. <a href="/facts/Thomas_Y._Crowell_Co./7CWFh6xr">Thomas Y. Crowell Co.</a> <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-690-00476-1.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Massimo_Polidoro/XnUT4rAL">Polidoro, Massimo</a> (2003). <a href="https://archive.org/details/secretsofpsychic0000poli"><i>Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Paranormal Claims</i></a>. <a href="/facts/Prometheus_Books/QwnRGV2g">Prometheus Books</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 1-59102-086-7.</li> <li><a href="/facts/James_Randi/qvDsG0vp">Randi, James</a> (1982). <i><a href="/facts/Flim-Flam!/VtTW341f">Flim-Flam!</a></i>. <a href="/facts/Prometheus_Books/QwnRGV2g">Prometheus Books</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-87975-198-3.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to James Randi Educational Foundation. <ul><li><a href="https://web.randi.org/">Official website</a></li> <li><a href="https://internationalskeptics.com/forums/">International Skeptics Forum</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"JREF Status". James Randi Educational Foundation. JREF. Retrieved 3 September 2015. <a href="https://web.randi.org/home/archives/09-2015" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/home/archives/09-2015</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"JREF Swift Blog". Retrieved 2016-03-31. JREF Swift Blog <a href="https://web.randi.org/swift" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/swift</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Department of State: Division of Corporations – Entity Details – The James Randi Educational Foundation". Archived from the original on 2014-01-10. Retrieved 2012-03-03. Delaware Dept. of State, Division of Corporations official website, Corporation Name Search: "The James Randi Educational Foundation. Incorporation Date / Formation Date: February 29, 1996. Entity Type: Non-Profit or Religious." <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140110091437/https://delecorp.delaware.gov/tin/controller?JSPName=GINAMESEARCH&action=Get+Entity+Details&frmFileNumber=2597632" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20140110091437/https://delecorp.delaware.gov/tin/controller?JSPName=GINAMESEARCH&action=Get+Entity+Details&frmFileNumber=2597632</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"James Randi Educational Foundation". JREF. <a href="https://web.randi.org/" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Los Angeles Office Closed". James Randi Educational Foundation. September 1, 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-02. <a href="https://web.randi.org/home/los-angeles-office-closed" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/home/los-angeles-office-closed</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>James Randi. "A Good Friend Has Left Us". JREF. Archived from the original on 2009-07-09. John was generous, kind, and caring. The JREF received several checks — 6-figure checks. <a href="http://archive.randi.org/site/jr/carson.html" target="_blank">http://archive.randi.org/site/jr/carson.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Phil Plait New JREF President". Retrieved February 7, 2025. <a href="http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/208-new-jref-president-phil-plait.html" target="_blank">http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/208-new-jref-president-phil-plait.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>James Randi. "Exciting Times at The JREF". JREF News. Retrieved February 7, 2025. <a href="http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/798-exciting-times-at-the-jref.html" target="_blank">http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/798-exciting-times-at-the-jref.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Los Angeles Office Closed". James Randi Educational Foundation. September 1, 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-02. <a href="https://web.randi.org/home/los-angeles-office-closed" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/home/los-angeles-office-closed</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"The Demystifying Adventures of the Amazing Randi". Archived from the original on 2012-10-11. Retrieved February 7, 2025. SF Weekly, August 24, 2009, online version, p. 2: "One of his friends, Internet pioneer Rick Adams, put up $1 million in 1996." <a href="https://www.sfweekly.com/archives/the-demystifying-adventures-of-the-amazing-randi/article_ce5ab0c2-5700-5813-86d6-e599075955e7.html" target="_blank">https://www.sfweekly.com/archives/the-demystifying-adventures-of-the-amazing-randi/article_ce5ab0c2-5700-5813-86d6-e599075955e7.html</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"About James Randi". JREF. 2015. Retrieved 2016-12-26. <a href="https://web.randi.org/about-james-randi.html" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/about-james-randi.html</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Clerk's Information System". scc.virginia.gov. Commonwealth of Virginia. Retrieved 18 January 2024. <a href="https://cis.scc.virginia.gov/EntitySearch/BusinessInformation?businessId=154110&source=FromEntityResult&isSeries%20=%20false" target="_blank">https://cis.scc.virginia.gov/EntitySearch/BusinessInformation?businessId=154110&source=FromEntityResult&isSeries%20=%20false</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"The Million Dollar Challenge". randi.org. Retrieved September 7, 2024. The James Randi Educational Foundation's Million Dollar Challenge has been terminated. <a href="https://web.randi.org/the-million-dollar-challenge.html" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/the-million-dollar-challenge.html</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"JREF Status". randi.org. James Randi Educational Foundation. Retrieved 15 October 2016. <a href="https://web.randi.org/home/jref-status" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/home/jref-status</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"For Good Reason podcast Episode Archive". James Randi Educational Foundation. December 12, 2011. Archived from the original on April 21, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150421213646/http://www.forgoodreason.org/archives" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150421213646/http://www.forgoodreason.org/archives</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Consequence Podcast". James Randi Educational Foundation. May 15, 2013. Archived from the original on July 9, 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-02. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130709055009/http://consequencepodcast.com/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130709055009/http://consequencepodcast.com/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"The Randi Show". Youtube.com. Retrieved 2013-07-02. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=%22the+randi+show%22%2C+playlist&lclk=playlist/a" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=%22the+randi+show%22%2C+playlist&lclk=playlist/a</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Hall, Harriet. "Science Based Medicine". JREF. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11. Retrieved 14 June 2016. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNzOOAiiaNs&list=PL8MfjLNsf_miVcNu6eJMNigAMNwQkk_B9" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNzOOAiiaNs&list=PL8MfjLNsf_miVcNu6eJMNigAMNwQkk_B9</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>"JREF Video Channel on YouTube". Youtube.com. Retrieved 2013-07-02. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/JamesRandiFoundation" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/user/JamesRandiFoundation</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>D.J. Grothe. "Enjoy the JREF on YouTube". <a href="https://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/swift-blog/1531-enjoy-the-jref-on-youtube.html" target="_blank">https://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/swift-blog/1531-enjoy-the-jref-on-youtube.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"YouTube Top 100 Most Subscribed Non-Profit & Activism Channels List – Top by Subscribers". Archived from the original on 2018-04-04. Retrieved 2018-12-14. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180404094002/http://vidstatsx.com/youtube-top-100-most-subscribed-nonprofit-activism-channels" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20180404094002/http://vidstatsx.com/youtube-top-100-most-subscribed-nonprofit-activism-channels</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"Internet Audio Show". The James Randi Educational Foundation. 3 January 2002. <a href="http://www.randi.org/radio/radiorss.xml" target="_blank">http://www.randi.org/radio/radiorss.xml</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>The James Randi Educational Foundation (3 January 2002). "Internet Audio Show". iTunes. Archived from the original on November 12, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121112034338/https://itunes.apple.com/gb/podcast/2002-james-randi-internet/id373871673" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20121112034338/https://itunes.apple.com/gb/podcast/2002-james-randi-internet/id373871673</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"Forum Homepage". forums.randi.org. Retrieved 2014-04-04. <a href="http://forums.randi.org/" target="_blank">http://forums.randi.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"Educational Resources on Critical Thinking". randi.org. Retrieved February 7, 2025. <a href="https://web.randi.org/education1.html" target="_blank">https://web.randi.org/education1.html</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>"Finance Camp". Finance Camp. <a href="https://www.campinquiry.org/" target="_blank">https://www.campinquiry.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>"JREF Offers a Number of Scholarships and Grants for Students, Educators, and Local Skeptic Groups". Randi.org. Retrieved February 7, 2025. <a href="http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/1840-jref-offers-a-number-of-scholarships-and-grants-for-students-educators-and-local-skeptic-groups.html" target="_blank">http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/1840-jref-offers-a-number-of-scholarships-and-grants-for-students-educators-and-local-skeptic-groups.html</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>"JREF tax filing 2012" (PDF). Guidestar.org. 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