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Berlin-class replenishment ship
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<h2 id="general-characteristics">General characteristics</h2> <p>The <i>Berlin</i>-class replenishment ships are the largest vessels of the <a href="/facts/German_Navy/gPB0Nrba">German Navy</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> The <i>Berlin</i>-class replenishment ships are 173.7 metres (569 ft 11 in) <a href="/facts/Length_overall/YMeByubQ">long overall</a> and 162 m (531 ft 6 in) <a href="/facts/Length_between_perpendiculars/KDMjnU3e">between perpendiculars</a> with a <a href="/facts/Beam_(nautical)/kG7egDLm">beam</a> of 24 m (78 ft 9 in) and a <a href="/facts/Draft_(hull)/MHGIRjC0">draught</a> of 7.4 m (24 ft 3 in). The vessels have a <a href="/facts/Displacement_(ship)/19jbfNuM">displacement</a> of 10,115 <a href="/facts/Tonne/gMymLmWv">tonnes</a> (9,955 <a href="/facts/Long_ton/5ajqnrGq">long tons</a>) light and 20,243 t (19,923 long tons) at full load and measure 18,640 <a href="/facts/Gross_tonnage/uK5N7oGL">gross tonnage</a> (GT). Constructed with a <a href="/facts/Double_hull/zn1r61ud">double hull</a>, they have a pronounced <a href="/facts/Bow_(ship)/7IMvUGon">bow</a> bulb.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> The ships have capacity for 9,000 m3 (320,000 cu ft)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> or 7,600 t (7,500 long tons; 8,400 short tons)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> of marine diesel fuel, 600 m3 (21,000 cu ft)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> or 490 t (480 long tons; 540 short tons)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> of <a href="/facts/Aviation_fuel/XGW64rro">aviation fuel</a>, 60 m3 (2,100 cu ft)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> or 126 t (124 long tons; 139 short tons)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> of lube oil, 100 t (98 long tons; 110 short tons) of spare parts, 230 t (230 long tons; 250 short tons) of provisions and 195 t (192 long tons; 215 short tons) of ammunition,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> or 71 t (70 long tons; 78 short tons) of fresh water, 100 t (98 long tons; 110 short tons) consumables, 1,075 t (1,058 long tons; 1,185 short tons) of supplies and 230 t of provisions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> The vessels have two <a href="/facts/Replenishment_at_sea/KxYsNWGA">replenishment at sea</a> stations, one to each per side of the ship and two electro-hydraulic container and cargo cranes. The <i>Berlin</i> class have capacity for 86 <a href="/facts/Twenty-foot_equivalent_unit/E2WU7lD5">TEUs</a> of <a href="/facts/Shipping_container/7mPdo1SE">shipping containers</a> and can stack 26 TEUs in two layers on the upper deck. The ships have provision for a <i>Marineeinsatzrettungzentrum</i> (MERZ) unit which is a modular operations rescue centre aboard the ship. The MERZ is capable of holding 50 patients and providing them with emergency surgery, intensive care, internal medicine and dental services.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p>The first two vessels of the class, <a href="/facts/German_ship_Berlin/GEQ45Ud1"><i>Berlin</i></a> and <a href="/facts/German_ship_Frankfurt_am_Main/DjxIvPj7"><i>Frankfurt am Main</i></a> are powered by two <a href="/facts/MAN_Diesel/SkfCEeJK">MAN Diesel</a> 12V 32/40 <a href="/facts/Diesel_engine/9B9opxvA">diesel engines</a>, creating 10,555 <a href="/facts/Kilowatt/VK8oqRrm">kilowatts</a> (14,154 <a href="/facts/Horsepower/jRMwmIxA">bhp</a>) with two reduction gears turning two controllable pitch five-bladed propellers and powering one <a href="/facts/Bow_thruster/vsjaQxXA">bow thruster</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> <a href="/facts/German_ship_Bonn/ubydjuSA"><i>Bonn</i></a> creates 14,400 kW (19,300 hp).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> They have four <a href="/facts/Deutz_AG/Nl1XuIsX">Deutz</a>-MWM diesel generators. The three ships have a maximum speed of 20 <a href="/facts/Knot_(unit)/Sho0TF2y">knots</a> (37 km/h; 23 mph) and have an endurance of 45 days.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> The <i>Berlin</i>-class ships have a <a href="/facts/Helipad/Xgx5vasD">helipad</a> aft and a <a href="/facts/Hangar/bRBnDpfx">hangar</a> and can support two helicopters, either the <a href="/facts/Westland_Sea_King/VDM9zKEk">Sea King</a> or <a href="/facts/NHI_NH90/RmB4Lz1h">NH90</a> models which can be used for <a href="/facts/Vertical_replenishment/BJBUgDjQ">vertical replenishment</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> The vessels are equipped with <a href="/facts/Radar/jk9BTbFA">radar</a> and <a href="/facts/Naval_mine/jo9uVY9U">mine</a> avoidance <a href="/facts/Sonar/0Rg2G40e">sonar</a> and one of the radars is situated aft for use during helicopter takeoff and landing.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p><p>The <i>Berlin</i> class are armed with four <a href="/facts/Mauser_BK-27/P1IFz1qJ">MLG 27 mm (1.1 in)</a> <a href="/facts/Autocannon/5QLv3cUj">autocannon</a> for <a href="/facts/Anti-air_warfare/fHtGQpLy">anti-aircraft</a> defence and four 12.7 mm (0.50 in) machine guns. The MLG 27 replaced older <a href="/facts/Bofors_40_mm_Automatic_Gun_L%2f70/byXGsyQT">Bofors 40 mm (1.6 in)/70 guns</a>. The vessels are also <a href="/facts/Fitted_for_but_not_with/3lByXpj3">fitted for but not with</a> <a href="/facts/FIM-92_Stinger/7MT2jU1M">Stinger</a> <a href="/facts/Surface-to-air_missile/2qEW5P07">surface-to-air missile</a> (<a href="/facts/MANPADS/5o68gt9z">MANPADS</a>) for point defence.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> The vessels have a complement of 159 plus 74 embarked.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="list-of-ships">List of ships</h2> <i>Berlin</i> class construction data<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a><table><tbody><tr><th>Image</th><th><a href="/facts/Pennant_number/1UvdSISw">Pennant number</a></th><th>Name</th><th><a href="/facts/Keel_laying/0GjIvoG1">Laid down</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ceremonial_ship_launching/kFSJFllx">Launched</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Ship_commissioning/aPxGm7yB">Commissioned</a></th><th>Homeport</th><th>Status</th></tr><tr><td></td><td>A1411</td><td><a href="/facts/German_ship_Berlin/GEQ45Ud1"><i>Berlin</i></a></td><td>4 January 1999</td><td>30 April 1999</td><td>11 April 2001</td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Wilhelmshaven/9deashEc">Wilhelmshaven</a></td><td>In active service</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>A1412</td><td><a href="/facts/German_ship_Frankfurt_am_Main/DjxIvPj7"><i>Frankfurt am Main</i></a></td><td>28 August 2000</td><td>5 January 2001</td><td>27 May 2002</td><td>In active service</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>A1413</td><td><a href="/facts/German_ship_Bonn/ubydjuSA"><i>Bonn</i></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td>16 September 2010</td><td>27 April 2011</td><td>13 September 2013</td><td>In active service</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="construction-and-career">Construction and career</h2> <p>In 1994, the <a href="/facts/German_Navy/gPB0Nrba">German Navy</a> sought to construct four replenishment vessels, built in two batches.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> The ships were designed to support <a href="/facts/United_Nations/fgXLnmgT">United Nations</a> operations overseas.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> However, the project was trimmed to one and the design was finalised in mid-1996.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> The first <a href="/facts/Hull_(watercraft)/hY6LxATt">hull</a> was ordered in October 1996. A second hull was authorized in June 1998. The hulls of the ships were built by <a href="/facts/Flensburger_Schiffbau-Gesellschaft/AfeuwxVy">Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft</a> at their shipyard in <a href="/facts/Flensburg/8U80cor9">Flensburg</a>, Germany, with the electronic systems installed by <a href="/facts/L%25C3%25BCrssen/tpXGRS8T">Lürssen</a> and the <a href="/facts/Superstructure/s94pXpHw">superstructure</a>, final outfitting and <a href="/facts/Sea_trial/qSmL1pdM">sea trials</a> done by Krögerwerft. The first ship, <i>Berlin</i>, completed construction in 2001 and was <a href="/facts/Ship_commissioning/aPxGm7yB">commissioned</a> into the German Navy on 11 April 2001. The second vessel, <i>Frankfurt am Main</i> followed in 2002 and was commissioned on 27 May 2002.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> The third ship, <i>Bonn</i>, was ordered on 3 December 2008 with increased power and accommodations and was built at Pennewerft in <a href="/facts/Wolgast/swJY1a2x">Wolgast</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> On 13 September 2013, <i>Bonn</i> was commissioned into service at Wilhelmshaven.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> </p><p>In 2007, <i>Frankfurt am Main</i> performed trials with Finnish 14 m (46 ft) <a href="/facts/Jurmo-class_landing_craft/x5aj4u2b">Jurmo-class</a> <a href="/facts/Landing_craft/svpK3FwJ">landing craft</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> In 2020, <i>Berlin</i> operated with <a href="/facts/Standing_NATO_Maritime_Group_2/U9bym9oc">Standing NATO Maritime Group 2</a> (SNMG 2).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="export">Export</h2> <h3>Royal Canadian Navy</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Protecteur-class_auxiliary_vessel/C8dsbEn6">Protecteur-class auxiliary vessel</a></p> <p>Two ships will be procured to replace the two <i>Protecteur</i>-class vessels operated by the RCN until 2014 under the <a href="/facts/Joint_Support_Ship_Project/C8dsbEn6">Joint Support Ship Project</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> The ships will be built by <a href="/facts/Seaspan_Marine_Corporation/YvTCVVIs">Seaspan Marine Corporation</a> at the Vancouver Shipyards facility located in <a href="/facts/North_Vancouver_(district_municipality)/jS71pAD0">North Vancouver, British Columbia</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> The design was chosen over a design by BMT Technology. At the time, the option for a third was still possible.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> Canadian sailors previewed <i>Bonn</i> in order to make themselves familiar with the design.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> </p><p>The ships were originally to be named <i>Queenston</i> and <i>Chateauguay</i>, for battles from the <a href="/facts/War_of_1812/D94xlnn8">War of 1812</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> This decision was reversed in September 2017, when it was announced that the ships would perpetuate the names <i>Protecteur</i> and <i>Preserver</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> As of 2015<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berlin-class_replenishment_ship&action=edit">[update]</a> it was estimated that the two Canadian ships would cost C$2.6bn (~€1.75bn) to build, and a further C$4.5bn (~€3bn) to operate over 25 years.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/Keel/Ep5vCBc4">keel</a> of the first ship was laid down on 16 January 2020.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="citations">Citations</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/">"EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet"</a>. Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021.</li> <li>Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2009). <i>Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010</i> (112 ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: Jane's Information Group Inc. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-7106-2888-6.</li> <li>Sharpe, Richard, ed. (1996). <i>Jane's Fighting Ships 1996–97</i> (99 ed.). Surrey, United Kingdom: Jane's Information Group. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-7106-1355-5.</li> <li>Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). <i>The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World</i> (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9-7-815911-4954-5.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Berlin class replenishment ships. <ul><li><a href="https://www.thyssenkrupp-marinesystems.com/en/class-702.html">Berlin class data at Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Berlin Class Fleet Auxiliary Vessels, Germany". naval-technology.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2013. <a href="https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/berlin-class-fleet-auxiliary-vessels/" target="_blank">https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/berlin-class-fleet-auxiliary-vessels/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Lürssen. - "EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet". Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021. <a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/" target="_blank">https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Lürssen. - "EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet". Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021. <a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/" target="_blank">https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Lürssen. - "EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet". Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021. <a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/" target="_blank">https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Lürssen. - "EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet". Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021. <a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/" target="_blank">https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Saunders 2009, p. 293. - Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2009). Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010 (112 ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: Jane's Information Group Inc. ISBN 978-0-7106-2888-6. <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Lürssen. - "EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet". Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021. <a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/" target="_blank">https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Sharpe 1996, p. 253. - Sharpe, Richard, ed. (1996). Jane's Fighting Ships 1996–97 (99 ed.). Surrey, United Kingdom: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-1355-5. <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Lürssen. - "EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet". Lürssen. Retrieved 14 July 2021. <a href="https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/" target="_blank">https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>The number of crew varies between sources, ranging from 139 plus 94 embarked[4] to 233.[2] <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Wertheim 2013, p. 239. - Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5. <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"Einsatzgruppenversorger "Bonn" in der Flotte angekommen". Archived from the original on 1 October 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2013. <a href="http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/!ut/p/c4/NU0xDsIwEPvRpWWBslEYQGwsULa0vSYn0kt1SYqEeDzJgC15sC1bPVUm65WMjuRZO_VQ3UD7_g2zFkjYoyQOgMQWKSKDJTeFSVv5YDIIK0rwYlAAzQq57YhfToeA0Hvm4tBgI6p7eRoRBs8Yi-axSFmN6OgFFi_RlSSJ5ARoVF1Vn9pqW_1Rf5v2fLw2u2ZzurQ3tczz4QcQx35Y/" target="_blank">http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/!ut/p/c4/NU0xDsIwEPvRpWWBslEYQGwsULa0vSYn0kt1SYqEeDzJgC15sC1bPVUm65WMjuRZO_VQ3UD7_g2zFkjYoyQOgMQWKSKDJTeFSVv5YDIIK0rwYlAAzQq57YhfToeA0Hvm4tBgI6p7eRoRBs8Yi-axSFmN6OgFFi_RlSSJ5ARoVF1Vn9pqW_1Rf5v2fLw2u2ZzurQ3tczz4QcQx35Y/</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"Einsatzgruppenversorger Bonn schwimmt aus" (in German). German Navy. 12 May 2011. Archived from the original on 13 January 2016. 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