Disaster Monitoring Constellation

<h2 id="satellites">Satellites</h2>
The <a href="/facts/Sun-synchronous_orbit/3HonupUd">Sun-synchronous orbits</a> of these satellites are coordinated so that the satellites follow each other around an orbital plane, ascending north over the Equator at 10:15 am local time (and 10:30 am local time for Beijing-1).
Some of these satellites also include other imaging payloads and experimental payloads: onboard hardware-based image compression (on BilSAT), a <a href="/facts/GNSS_reflectometry/A2RNCkQH">GPS reflectometry</a> experiment and <a href="/facts/CLEO_(router)/qxfLHy4v">onboard Internet router</a> (on the UK-DMC satellite). The DMC satellites are notable for communicating with their ground stations using the <a href="/facts/Internet_Protocol/Qq6VeEal">Internet Protocol</a> for payload data transfer and command and control, so extending the Internet into space, and allowing experiments with the <a href="/facts/Interplanetary_Internet/dXbo6f07">Interplanetary Internet</a> to be carried out.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1">1</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2">2</a> Many of the technologies used in the design of the DMC satellites, including Internet Protocol use, were tested in space beforehand on SSTL's earlier <a href="/facts/UoSAT-12_satellite/Cys3FCLg">UoSAT-12 satellite</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3">3</a>
<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4">4</a>

<h3>First Generation</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AlSAT-1/LywRa1Qb">AlSAT-1</a> (Algeria), launched November 2002, which completed its mission in August 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/BILSAT-1/HGPtX0bg">BILSAT-1</a> (Turkey), launched September 2003, which completed its mission in August 2006 due to failed battery cells.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a></li>
<li>NigeriaSAT-1 (Nigeria), launched September 2003, completed mission October 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/UK-DMC/W2d0v4GY">UK-DMC</a> (United Kingdom), launched September 2003, completed mission November 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a></li></ul>
<h3>Second Generation</h3>
<ul><li>Beijing-1 (China), launched October 2005. Completed its mission in 2013.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/UK-DMC_2/aaIY8rqN">UK-DMC 2</a> (United Kingdom<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a>), launched July 2009.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Deimos-1/9DlztJ2F">Deimos-1</a> (Spanish commercial<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a>), launched July 2009.</li>
<li>NigeriaSAT-2 and NigeriaSAT-X (NX)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a> launched 2011.</li></ul>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.sstl.co.uk/">Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.disasterscharter.org">International Charter for Space and Major Disasters</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220423215501/http://www.dmcii.com/">DMC International Imaging</a>[usurped]</li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060715051740/http://www.cwhonors.org/laureates/finalists.htm">Description of the Disaster Monitoring Constellation from the Computerworld Honors Awards</a>[usurped]</li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060621040605/http://directory.eoportal.org/pres_DMCDisasterMonitoringConstellationAlSAT1BILSAT1NigeriaSat1UKDMCBeijing1.html">Description of the Disaster Monitoring Constellation from the Earth Observation Portal</a>[usurped]</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">Use of the Delay-Tolerant Networking Bundle Protocol from Space Archived 2008-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, L.Wood et al., Conference paper IAC-08-B2.3.10, 59th International Astronautical Congress, Glasgow, September 2008. <a href="http://info.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/publications/" target="_blank">http://info.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/publications/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">UK-DMC satellite first to transfer sensor data from space using 'bundle' protocol Archived 2012-04-26 at the Wayback Machine, press release, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd, 11 September 2008. <a href="http://www.sstl.co.uk/News_and_Events/Latest_News/?story=1254" target="_blank">http://www.sstl.co.uk/News_and_Events/Latest_News/?story=1254</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">K. Hogie, et al., Using standard Internet Protocols and applications in space, Computer Networks, special issue on Interplanetary Internet, vol. 47 no. 5, pp. 603-650, April 2005. <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2004.08.005" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2004.08.005</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">K. Hogie, et al., Putting more Internet nodes in space Archived 2008-11-16 at the Wayback Machine, CSC World, Computer Sciences Corporation, pp. 21-23, April/June 2006. <a href="http://www.csc.com/cscworld/backissues" target="_blank">http://www.csc.com/cscworld/backissues</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">J Cooksley, A da Silva Curiel, P Stephens, L Boland, S Jason, W Sun, M Sweeting, "ALSAT-1 First Year In Orbit", 17th AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2003 <a href="http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2003/All2003/38/" target="_blank">http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2003/All2003/38/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">Algeria’s first satellite mission completed Archived 10 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Robin Wolstenholme, SSTL space blog, 26 August 2010. <a href="http://www.sstl.co.uk/Blog/August-2010/Algeria-s-first-satellite-mission-completed" target="_blank">http://www.sstl.co.uk/Blog/August-2010/Algeria-s-first-satellite-mission-completed</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">BilSAT News Archived August 1, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 23 July 2007. <a href="http://www.bilten.metu.edu.tr/bilsat/en/root/" target="_blank">http://www.bilten.metu.edu.tr/bilsat/en/root/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">NigeriaSAT-1 reaches end of long life Archived 10 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine, SSTL space blog, 29 October 2012. <a href="http://www.sstl.co.uk/Blog/October-2012/NigeriaSat-1-reaches-end-of-long-life" target="_blank">http://www.sstl.co.uk/Blog/October-2012/NigeriaSat-1-reaches-end-of-long-life</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">UK-DMC-1 to take well-earned retirement Archived 8 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine, SSTL space blog, 25 November 2011. <a href="http://www.sstl.co.uk/Blog/November-2011/UK-DMC-1-to-take-well-earned-retirement" target="_blank">http://www.sstl.co.uk/Blog/November-2011/UK-DMC-1-to-take-well-earned-retirement</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">DMCii to launch new higher-resolution satellite imaging service Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, SSTL press release, 20 March 2007. <a href="http://www.technologynewsroom.com/press_releases/company_releases.aspx?story=706" target="_blank">http://www.technologynewsroom.com/press_releases/company_releases.aspx?story=706</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">Deimos and Surrey Satellite Technology Contract for Spanish Imaging Mission Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, SSTL press release, 10 October 2006. <a href="http://www.technologynewsroom.com/press_releases/company_releases.aspx?story=580" target="_blank">http://www.technologynewsroom.com/press_releases/company_releases.aspx?story=580</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">"SSTL launches two EO satellites for Nigeria". SSTL. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615015157/http://www.sstl.co.uk/News-and-Events?story=1871" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130615015157/http://www.sstl.co.uk/News-and-Events?story=1871</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Disaster Monitoring Constellation open-in-new

Disaster Monitoring Constellation