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Ørsted (company)
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <h3>Origin</h3> <p>Ørsted has its origin in the Danish state-owned company Dansk Naturgas A/S. The company was founded in 1972 to manage gas and oil resources in the Danish sector of the <a href="/facts/North_Sea/htGJNmsb">North Sea</a>. After some years, the company was renamed to Dansk Olie og Naturgas A/S (DONG), meaning Danish Oil and Natural Gas. At the beginning of the decade of the 2000s, DONG started to expand itself into the <a href="/facts/Electricity_market/Ufskeaak">electricity market</a> by taking long positions in electricity companies. In 2005, DONG acquired and merged Danish electrical power producers <a href="/facts/Elsam/Jf4VVy1f">Elsam</a> and Energi E2 and public utility (electricity distribution) companies NESA, Københavns Energi and Frederiksberg Forsyning. The result of the merger was the creation of DONG Energy. The merger was approved by the <a href="/facts/European_Commission/Cc5JgbEI">European Commission</a> on 14 March 2006. In 2002 Elsam had installed the 160 MW <a href="/facts/Horns_Rev/MPJWxdM3">Horns Rev</a> offshore wind farm, which was the first large-scale offshore wind farm in the world.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p><p>In 2005, DONG Energy acquired 10.34% in the <a href="/facts/Ormen_Lange_(gas_field)/Wfz7j2z3">Ormen Lange gas field</a> (operated by <a href="/facts/Royal_Dutch_Shell/2etvCXCf">Shell</a>). The share of gas reserves allocated to DONG Energy are approximately 40 billion cubic metres (1.4 trillion cubic feet). The following year, DONG entered a 20-year contract for one billion cubic meters of natural gas per year from 2011, from <a href="/facts/Gazprom/gRSbevVh">Gazprom</a> in Russia through <a href="/facts/Nord_Stream_1/AQWwTUke">Nord Stream 1</a> and Germany. The deal included that DONG delivers 600 million cubic meters per year (for 15 years) from the Ormen Lange gas field to Gazprom in United Kingdom.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>In 2007, DONG and <a href="/facts/Wingas/uA2NS0XU">Wingas</a> (partly owned by Gazprom) agreed to a gas swap, where DONG delivers gas to Wingas UK, while Wingas delivers the same amount to DONG in North Germany.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> The deal was criticized as "damaging to European interests".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p> <h3>Use of fossil fuels</h3> <p>At about the time of the <a href="/facts/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference/6ayJIAhK">2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference</a> in Copenhagen, DONG Energy adopted the "85/15 vision" strategy, with the aim of changing from a company with 85% of activities fossil fuel based to a company 85% based on green energy activities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><p>In 2009, the Gazprom->DONG contract was doubled to 2 bcm/year for 18 years, beginning in 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> However, Gazprom records showed that DONG only bought 15% of that amount in 2012 and 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p><p>In 2009, DONG Energy sold its <a href="/facts/Fiber_broadband/YaokmYnc">fiber broadband</a> in northern <a href="/facts/Zealand_(Denmark)/M8AppbgJ">Zealand</a> to <a href="/facts/TDC_A/S/2QWfjMJr">TDC A/S</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>In 2010, the company started a cooperation with Dutch Nederlandse Energie Maatschappij [nl].<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> However, in 2014 DONG Energy withdrew its consumer activities from the Dutch market.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> In 2010, DONG divested <a href="/facts/Norway/wlDRKRTR">Norwegian</a> power companies Salten and Nordkraft.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p><p>In September 2013, DONG Energy sold a power cable accessing the <a href="/facts/London_Array/dUM7Bg5t">London Array</a> wind farm to its partners, <a href="/facts/E.ON/XK5MBNvF">E.ON</a> and <a href="/facts/Masdar/jFLQqwrT">Masdar</a> for around $728 million.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p> <h3>Focus on offshore wind power</h3> <p>By 2012, DONG Energy had a wind turbine capacity of 794 MW and planned to add another 594 MW the following year.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> In 2013, the company finished the construction of the 400 MW <a href="/facts/Anholt_Offshore_Wind_Farm/7n9H3FIh">Anholt Offshore Wind Farm</a> off the Danish island of Anholt in the Kattegat at a cost of 10 billion <a href="/facts/Danish_krone/mGuE1aKK">Danish kroner</a> (€1.35 bln). DONG Energy was the only bidder in the process.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> The following year, DONG Energy divested its last onshore wind turbines, focusing on offshore wind power.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> of which DONG Energy had 3,000 MW in 2015;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> </p><p>As part of the restructuring plan to fund offshore wind projects, in January 2014 the company sold an 18% stake to New Energy Investment S.a.r.l., a subsidiary of <a href="/facts/Goldman_Sachs/cKeyh6CP">Goldman Sachs</a>, while Danish <a href="/facts/Pension_fund/2xfNIHWS">pension funds</a>, <a href="/facts/Arbejdsmarkedets_Till%C3%A6gspension/6Bp67jqw">ATP</a> and PFA Pension acquired 4.9% and 1.8% accordingly. The deal was heavily criticised and caused a split of the ruling coalition of <a href="/facts/Helle_Thorning-Schmidt/nej2WqKr">Helle Thorning-Schmidt</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> Six cabinet ministers and the <a href="/facts/Socialist_People%27s_Party_(Denmark)/6Q54u4L8">Socialist People's Party</a> withdrew from the government.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> On 9 June 2016, some of these shares were sold in an <a href="/facts/Initial_public_offering/2NntDhrG">IPO</a> at <a href="/facts/Copenhagen_Stock_Exchange/jrHBSz32">Copenhagen Stock Exchange</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> In 2015, DONG Energy had a deficit of 12 billion DKK, the largest of any Danish company ever.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p><p>DONG Energy was listed on the <a href="/facts/Copenhagen_Stock_Exchange/jrHBSz32">Copenhagen Stock Exchange</a> in June 2016. At the same time, it divested its ownership shares of five Norwegian oil and gas fields to Faroe Petroleum. That year, the company was voted number 11 on the Clean200 list.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> </p><p>In 2017, DONG Energy completed decommissioning of the world's first offshore wind farm, <a href="/facts/Vindeby_Offshore_Wind_Farm/EEqzwVaN">Vindeby Offshore Wind Farm</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> </p> <h3>Name change</h3> <p>In 2017, the company decided to phase-out the use of coal for power generation, and it sold off its oil and gas business to <a href="/facts/Ineos/MCfMH1Fn">Ineos</a> for US$1.05 billion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> After selling its oil and gas business the company announced its <a href="/facts/Renewable_energy_transition/KkjfUN7L">transition to renewable energy</a> was fulfilled and changed its name to Ørsted after the Danish scientist <a href="/facts/Hans_Christian_%C3%98rsted/qjmmHgIy">Hans Christian Ørsted</a>, citing that DONG was inappropriate considering they no longer owned any oil and natural gas assets.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> </p><p>In 2018 Ørsted acquired <a href="/facts/Deepwater_Wind/WuXPfuIU">Deepwater Wind</a> to expand offshore wind in the US.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> </p><p>In 2018, a gas price arbitration case was closed between Gazprom on one side, and Ørsted, Shell and others on the opposite side.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> </p><p>In 2019, Ørsted divested an electricity distribution network for $3 billion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> </p><p>On 9 September 2020 it was revealed that Mads Nipper, former CEO of <a href="/facts/Grundfos/kyut75F6">Grundfos</a>, will take over as CEO from Henrik Poulsen on 1 January 2021.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> </p><p>In 2020 developer Ørsted sold a 50% stake in the <a href="/facts/Greater_Changhua_Offshore_Wind_Farms/q5kYzxz9">Greater Changhua 1 Offshore Wind Farm</a> in Taiwan to <a href="/facts/Caisse_de_depot_et_placement_du_Quebec/thcuJffK">Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec</a> and Cathay PE for $2.7 billion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> </p><p>In 2022, Ørsted began <a href="/facts/Rewilding_(conservation_biology)/DEl1RMe9">rewilding</a> the seabottom near some of its offshore wind farms.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="operations">Operations</h2> <p>Ørsted considers <a href="/facts/Denmark/KVtykzsw">Denmark</a>, <a href="/facts/Sweden/u3qC7lyj">Sweden</a>, the <a href="/facts/United_Kingdom/kuPAILt2">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/facts/Germany/paluuWBX">Germany</a> and the <a href="/facts/Netherlands/y8xn5stT">Netherlands</a> as core markets of corporation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a> However, in 2015 they also received a lease from the US agencies the <a href="/facts/Department_of_the_Interior/uWllgxWx">Department of the Interior</a> and the <a href="/facts/Bureau_of_Ocean_Energy_Management/49g35zzL">Bureau of Ocean Energy Management</a>, which, in the lease, handed over some sea area in the <a href="/facts/United_States/P0sCdLe5">United States</a> for wind park development, specifically in <a href="/facts/New_Jersey/pI5k19S7">New Jersey</a>. </p> <h3>Oil and gas exploration and production</h3> <p>Before the divestment of its oil and gas upstream assets to <a href="/facts/Ineos/MCfMH1Fn">Ineos</a> in 2017, DONG Energy's core areas of oil and gas exploration and production lay in the southern part of the Norwegian <a href="/facts/North_Sea/htGJNmsb">North Sea</a> and the Danish part of the North Sea, <a href="/facts/Barents_Sea/T3NSg7xU">Barents Sea</a>, west of <a href="/facts/Shetland/8YfMHIlV">Shetland</a>, and in the central region of <a href="/facts/Norway/wlDRKRTR">Norway</a> (gas production). The reserve base was expected to be 570 million barrels (91,000,000 m3) <a href="/facts/Barrel_of_oil_equivalent/ypq59beF">of oil equivalent</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> In 2016, it produced 100,000 barrels per day (16,000 m3/d) of oil equivalent.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a> </p><p>In 2016, DONG Energy agreed to sell its oil and gas pipelines to <a href="/facts/Energinet.dk/zpkh60PH">Energinet.dk</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> It owned oil and gas pipelines which extend from the Danish part of the North Sea to <a href="/facts/Nybro/1vQGy4a4">Nybro</a> and the Swedish gas transmission network (Nova Naturgas). DONG Energy co-owned the <a href="/facts/Tyra_West_%E2%80%93_F3_pipeline/LXRsMYLy">Tyra West – F3 pipeline</a> pipelines, which create a link from the North Sea Danish section to the Netherlands natural gas hub in <a href="/facts/Den_Helder/fftGentV">Den Helder</a>, the DEUDAN pipeline from <a href="/facts/Jutland/4w9mDtLH">Jutland</a> to north of <a href="/facts/Hamburg/kmAAsYtT">Hamburg</a> in <a href="/facts/Germany/paluuWBX">Germany</a>, and the <a href="/facts/Langeled_pipeline/EoeqLd0z">Langeled pipeline</a> from <a href="/facts/Nyhamna/BFHzAV8w">Nyhamna</a> terminal in <a href="/facts/Norway/wlDRKRTR">Norway</a> to <a href="/facts/Easington,_East_Riding_of_Yorkshire/moexXV6L">Easington</a> in the <a href="/facts/UK/kuPAILt2">UK</a>. DONG Energy also owned a share of the Norwegian gas pipeline system. </p> <h3>Power production</h3> <p>Ørsted is the largest power producer in Denmark with market shares of 49% for electricity production and 35% for heat production. It also owns power production facilities and projects in Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, Norway and the United Kingdom. </p><p>Ørsted is the largest offshore wind farm company in the world<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a> with a market share of 16%.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> Ørsted surpassed 1,000 offshore wind turbines in 2016.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a> In Denmark, it operates the 209 MW <a href="/facts/Horns_Rev_2/qeS5J4C4">Horns Rev 2</a> offshore wind farm.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a> In the United Kingdom Ørsted operates <a href="/facts/Barrow_Offshore_Wind/eJjkdTrK">Barrow</a> and <a href="/facts/Burbo_Bank_Offshore_Wind_Farm/nzChJUD3">Burbo Bank</a> offshore windfarms and will construct <a href="/facts/Walney_Wind_Farm/FycReT6A">Walney</a> and <a href="/facts/Gunfleet_Sands_Offshore_Wind_Farm/BhGRRBet">Gunfleet Sands I and II</a> wind farms.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a> In addition, it is building the world largest wind farms, the 1,200 MW <a href="/facts/Hornsea_Wind_Farm/dgNyMlhx">Hornsea 1</a> and the 1,386 MW <a href="/facts/Hornsea_Wind_Farm/dgNyMlhx">Hornsea 2</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a> In <a href="/facts/North_America/djNjCQIl">North America</a> it is a joint-venture partner in multiple proposed offshore wind projects, including the <a href="/facts/Block_Island_Wind_Farm/oqHHUzwn">Block Island Wind Farm</a>, Revolution Wind, South Fork Wind, and Sunrise Wind, all off the southern coast of New England.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> The company was also developing <a href="/facts/Ocean_Wind/2TEfoFxG">Ocean Wind</a>, an offshore wind farm on the Atlantic coast near <a href="/facts/Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey/qFbBT6Ek">Atlantic City, New Jersey</a>, until it was cancelled in October 2023, and Skipjack Wind, southeast of the mouth of <a href="/facts/Delaware_Bay/mbQIQruo">Delaware Bay</a>. The company also has interests in onshore wind farms in Texas, Kansas, Nebraska, and Illinois. </p><p>Ørsted was until 2017 <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> the largest shareholder (51%) of offshore wind turbine installer <a href="/facts/A2SEA/rbF1nkHH">A2SEA</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> while <a href="/facts/Siemens/coa80TQn">Siemens</a> owns the other 49%.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a> Ørsted also has 30% of subsea cabling installer CT Offshore.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> </p><p>Ørsted has been developing <a href="/facts/Borssele_Offshore_Wind_Farm/UhJ7yg5A">Borssele 1 and 2 wind farms</a> in the Netherlands since 2021.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="shareholders">Shareholders</h2> <p>Ørsted is listed at the <a href="/facts/Nasdaq_Copenhagen/jrHBSz32">Nasdaq Copenhagen</a> stock exchange.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/Danish_Government/Pujo9bNn">Danish Government</a> holds the majority of Ørsted shares (50.1%).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Capital_Group_Companies/ERoYxXdL">Capital Group Companies</a>, EuroPacific Growth Fund's, and <a href="/facts/SEAS-NVE/6CX7RLbR">SEAS-NVE</a> holds over 5% of shares.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a> According to a political agreement, the Danish Government shall maintain a majority in the company until 2025.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a> Reduction of the ownership below 50% requires political agreement of Danish parties. </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Denmark portal</li><li>Energy portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Energy_in_Denmark/wGrm85Q9">Energy in Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_companies_of_Denmark/uqawV0os">List of companies of Denmark</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://www.orsted.com">Ørsted website</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Our offshore wind farms". orsted.com. Retrieved 4 February 2022. <a href="https://orsted.com/en/our-business/offshore-wind/our-offshore-wind-farms" target="_blank">https://orsted.com/en/our-business/offshore-wind/our-offshore-wind-farms</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Ørsted Annual Report 2021". <a href="https://orstedcdn.azureedge.net/-/media/annual2021/annual-report-2021.ashx?la=en&rev=9d4904ddf4c44594adab627f7e4c62be&hash=BD463F56D8BEF7EB591136136FEFDF44" target="_blank">https://orstedcdn.azureedge.net/-/media/annual2021/annual-report-2021.ashx?la=en&rev=9d4904ddf4c44594adab627f7e4c62be&hash=BD463F56D8BEF7EB591136136FEFDF44</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Ørsted Annual Report 2021". <a href="https://orstedcdn.azureedge.net/-/media/annual2021/annual-report-2021.ashx?la=en&rev=9d4904ddf4c44594adab627f7e4c62be&hash=BD463F56D8BEF7EB591136136FEFDF44" target="_blank">https://orstedcdn.azureedge.net/-/media/annual2021/annual-report-2021.ashx?la=en&rev=9d4904ddf4c44594adab627f7e4c62be&hash=BD463F56D8BEF7EB591136136FEFDF44</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Storrow, Benjamin (9 September 2020). "How one fossil fuel company became a green giant". Environment & Energy Publishing. Retrieved 10 September 2020. <a href="https://www.eenews.net/stories/1063713187" target="_blank">https://www.eenews.net/stories/1063713187</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Horns Rev I Offshore Wind Farm, Denmark Archived 29 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine Power Technology. Retrieved: 27 October 2010. <a href="https://www.power-technology.com/projects/hornsreefwind/" target="_blank">https://www.power-technology.com/projects/hornsreefwind/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Horns Rev 1 (Denmark) offshore wind farm Archived 9 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine 4C . Retrieved: 30 July 2010. <a href="http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/horns-rev-denmark-dk03.html" target="_blank">http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/horns-rev-denmark-dk03.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Horns Revolution Archived 14 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Modern Power Systems, 5 October 2002, accessed 14 April 2010. <a href="http://www.modernpowersystems.com/story.asp?storyCode=2017033" target="_blank">http://www.modernpowersystems.com/story.asp?storyCode=2017033</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Gazprom, DONG sign gas supply deal". www.ogj.com. Oil & Gas Journal. 23 June 2006. 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