Exploratory thought

<h2 id="in-statistics">In statistics</h2>
<p><a href="/facts/Princeton_University/n3EPGHBM">Princeton</a> <a href="/facts/Statistician/9FBnXfeN">statistician</a> <a href="/facts/John_Tukey/2a5FbPWb">John Tukey</a> wrote about selection between confirmation or rejection of existing hypotheses and exploration of new ones, focusing on how practicing statisticians might decide between the two modes of thought at various junctures.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> Subsequent statisticians, <a href="/facts/Philosophy_of_science/aonsfhTY">philosophers of science</a>, and <a href="/facts/Industrial_and_organizational_psychology/E5VJQ4Pu">organizational psychologists</a> have expanded on the topic.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a>
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<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Empirical_research/A6cy8Rcy">Empirical research</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Exploratory_research/S8n3oIsM">Exploratory research</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Impartiality/8kSHvpV9">Impartiality</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Neutrality_(philosophy)/vy2wIJ7B">Neutrality (philosophy)</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Dayton, C.M. (2002) <a href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED470591.pdf">"Some Key Concepts for the Design and Review of Empirical Research"</a> <i>ERIC Digest</i> report no. ED470591</li>
<li>Shields, P. and Tajalli, H. (2006) <a href="https://digital.library.txstate.edu/bitstream/handle/10877/3967/fulltext.pdf">"Intermediate Theory: The Missing Link in Successful Student Scholarship"</a> <i>Journal of Public Affairs Education</i> 12(3):313-34</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Schneider, ed. by Sandra L.; Shanteau, James (2003). Emerging perspectives on judgment and decision research. Cambridge [u.a.]: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 438–9. ISBN 052152718X. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help) <a href="052152718X" target="_blank">052152718X</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Schneider, ed. by Sandra L.; Shanteau, James (2003). Emerging perspectives on judgment and decision research. Cambridge [u.a.]: Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 445. ISBN 052152718X. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help) <a href="052152718X" target="_blank">052152718X</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>Haidt, Jonathan (2012). The Righteous Mind : Why Good People are Divided by Politics and Religion. New York: Pantheon Books. pp. 1473-4 (e-book edition). ISBN 978-0307377906. <a href="978-0307377906" target="_blank">978-0307377906</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>Lindzey, edited by Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert, Gardner (2010). The handbook of social psychology (5th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. pp. 811. ISBN 978-0470137499. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) <a href="978-0470137499" target="_blank">978-0470137499</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>Tukey, John W. (1980). "We Need Both Exploratory and Confirmatory". The American Statistician. 34 (1): 23–25. doi:10.2307/2682991. JSTOR 2682991. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:6"><p>Hurley, A. E. et al. (1997) "Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: guidelines, issues, and alternatives" Journal of Organizational Behavior 18:667-83 <a href="https://wweb.uta.edu/management/Dr.Casper/Fall10/BSAD6314/Coursematerial/Hurley%20et%20al%201997%20-%20Exploratory%20and%20Confirmatory%20Factor%20Anal.pdf" target="_blank">https://wweb.uta.edu/management/Dr.Casper/Fall10/BSAD6314/Coursematerial/Hurley%20et%20al%201997%20-%20Exploratory%20and%20Confirmatory%20Factor%20Anal.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:7"><p>Thompson, B. (2004) Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications (Washington, DC: American Psychological Association) ISBN 1591470935 <a href="http://psycnet.apa.org/books/10694/" target="_blank">http://psycnet.apa.org/books/10694/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
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Exploratory thought open-in-new

Exploratory thought