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Joint Forward Air Control Training and Standardisation Unit
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>During the <a href="/facts/First_World_War/vITTUanQ">First World War</a>, troops on the ground would use flares, ground markers and flags to guide pilots in on targets. The difficulties in actual communication between the air and the ground meant that real time information was lost. By the time of the <a href="/facts/African_campaigns_of_World_War_II/lcA8jpD1">Africa Campaign</a> in 1941, man portable radios were available for troops on the ground to brief aircrew.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> This lead in turn to the establishment of Forward Air Support Links (FASL) (or Rover Parties) which involved soldiers and airmen of <a href="/facts/RAF_Desert_Air_Force/oe040CKI">RAF Desert Air Force</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p><p>After the <a href="/facts/World_War_II/2efV5L1U">Second World War</a>, the lessons learned were taken forward into the Air Land Integration policy of the School of Land-Air Warfare (SLAW) which taught formal FAC training at <a href="/facts/RAF_Old_Sarum/dHWpdCrB">RAF Old Sarum</a> in <a href="/facts/Wiltshire/42kKgE8r">Wiltshire</a>. When flying ceased at RAF Old Sarum, the FAC training moved on as part of the Joint Warfare Establishment, firstly to <a href="/facts/RAF_Chivenor/2u4bzlUn">RAF Chivenor</a>, then to <a href="/facts/RAF_Brawdy/Rk8BShAh">RAF Brawdy</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p><p>When RAF Brawdy was decommissioned as an RAF base and handed over to the army, JFACTSU moved to <a href="/facts/RAF_Finningley/aCkDNkq6">RAF Finningley</a> in <a href="/facts/South_Yorkshire/s3bSSRW6">South Yorkshire</a>. Finningley then closed just two years later and in 1995, JFACTSU moved to its present location at RAF Leeming in North Yorkshire<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> as the Joint Forward Air Control Training and Standardisation Unit. </p><p>British Forward Air Controllers have been deployed into many conflicts and operations such as Korea, Malaya, Suez, Indonesia, Aden, Oman, Falklands, <a href="/facts/Operation_Granby/gKGH5neI">Operation Granby</a>, Operation Agricola, <a href="/facts/Operation_Telic/Vt1I0QWt">Operation Telic</a> and <a href="/facts/Operation_Herrick/UNbg8MnE">Operation Herrick</a>. </p> <h2 id="training">Training</h2> <p>JFACTSU have two <a href="/facts/BAe_Hawk/BtG0CK4J">Hawk</a> aircraft and two pilots on their staff who are overseen in flying matters at the adjacent hangar on RAF Leeming in North Yorkshire.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>Students on the course are taught how to request, plan, brief and execute close air support operations. Students also have the opportunity to fly back seat in one of the Hawk aircraft, to experience first hand what the pilot will be seeing and hearing.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> The four to eight week course (depending on the specialization and security restrictions)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> culminates in a training exercise held at <a href="/facts/RAF_Spadeadam/HfvUEd51">RAF Spadeadam</a> in <a href="/facts/Cumbria/pJQ0zhrY">Cumbria</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> where the students call in mock attacks from the Hawks.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> Training can also be delivered via a state of the art iCASS (Immersive Close Air Support Simulator), that was purchased for JFACTSU in 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><p>Forward Air Controller training can also be conducted at <a href="/facts/Pembrey_Sands_Air_Weapons_Range/VysY7TSY">Pembrey Sands Air Weapons Range</a> in Pembrokeshire, South Wales. This range is open to all UK and <a href="/facts/NATO/dCeTddMY">NATO</a> allied forces.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p>It is noted as being a centre for FAC training and has in the past trained students from Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Hungary, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Slovak Republic, Sweden, The Netherlands and the United States. Many of these were trained as NATO allies and some (Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland) were trained before they became <a href="/facts/NATO/dCeTddMY">NATO</a> partners and allies.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Prince_Harry/gPIjskCS">Prince Harry</a> is among the British graduates of training courses conducted by the JFACTSU.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>After training, RAF FAC personnel (mostly from the RAF Regiment) operate from a central pool at <a href="/facts/RAF_Honington/5sQyKs8m">RAF Honington</a> in Suffolk.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="aircraft">Aircraft</h2> <p>Since its inception, JFACTSU have utilized two types of airframe for initial training; <a href="/facts/Hawker_Hunter/ls6wc72a">Hawker Hunters</a> at <a href="/facts/RAF_Chivenor/2u4bzlUn">Chivenor</a> and <a href="/facts/RAF_Brawdy/Rk8BShAh">Brawdy</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/BAE_Systems_Hawk/BtG0CK4J">BAe Hawks</a> at <a href="/facts/RAF_Finningley/aCkDNkq6">Finningley</a> and now <a href="/facts/RAF_Leeming/4xY8NkG8">Leeming</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h3>Sources</h3> <ul><li>March, Peter R. (1996). <i>Royal Air Force Yearbook 1996</i>. <a href="/facts/Fairford/o13dIp1h">Fairford</a>, UK: Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund.</li> <li>Quinn, S. (2012). "Forward Air Control...with the RAF Regiment". <i>The Royal Air Force Official Annual Review 2013</i>. Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing (UK MoD). <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1758-9681">1758-9681</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Quinn 2012, p. 118. - Quinn, S. (2012). "Forward Air Control...with the RAF Regiment". The Royal Air Force Official Annual Review 2013. Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing (UK MoD). ISSN 1758-9681. <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1758-9681" target="_blank">https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1758-9681</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"JFACTSU". Royal Air Force Leeming. Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322173219/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafleeming/aboutus/jfactsuhome.cfm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160322173219/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafleeming/aboutus/jfactsuhome.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"JFACTSU". Royal Air Force Leeming. Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322173219/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafleeming/aboutus/jfactsuhome.cfm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160322173219/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafleeming/aboutus/jfactsuhome.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"JFACTSU". Royal Air Force Leeming. Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322173219/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafleeming/aboutus/jfactsuhome.cfm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160322173219/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafleeming/aboutus/jfactsuhome.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Saying 'Yes' the Name of the Game for RAF's 'Aggressors'". defence aerospace.com. Ministry of Defence. October 2005. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/63940/raf-details-%E2%80%9Caggressor%E2%80%9D-squadron-activities-(oct-26).html" target="_blank">http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/63940/raf-details-%E2%80%9Caggressor%E2%80%9D-squadron-activities-(oct-26).html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Air controllers' training rated as best in the world". RAF News (1018): 8. 2 March 2001. ISSN 0035-8614. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Forward Air Controllers". Elite UK Forces. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="http://www.eliteukforces.info/forward-air-controllers/" target="_blank">http://www.eliteukforces.info/forward-air-controllers/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"International Defence Training – Forward Air Controllers 4704". Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190353/http://www.raf.mod.uk/idtraf/courses/4704.cfm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190353/http://www.raf.mod.uk/idtraf/courses/4704.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Forward Air Control". Royal Air Force Spadeadam. Royal Air Force. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafspadeadam/aboutus/forwardaircontrol.cfm" target="_blank">http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafspadeadam/aboutus/forwardaircontrol.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"New FOBs, New Courses, New Toys!". RAF Leeming Excalibur: 22–23. November 2011. OCLC 498874569. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"iCASS system purchased by the Joint Forward Air Control Training and Standardisation Unit (JFACTSU), UK MoD" (PDF). Close Air Solutions. 1 December 2014. Retrieved 5 July 2016. <a href="http://www.closeairsolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/PR_CAS_JFACTSU_12_2014_PREVIEW.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.closeairsolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/PR_CAS_JFACTSU_12_2014_PREVIEW.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"DTE Pembrokeshire" (PDF). gov.uk. Ministry of Defence. p. 2. Retrieved 15 July 2016. <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/43344/dte_info_leaflet_pembroke.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/43344/dte_info_leaflet_pembroke.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"Air controllers' training rated as best in the world". RAF News (1018): 8. 2 March 2001. ISSN 0035-8614. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Prince Harry provided air support for UK troops". The Telegraph. 28 February 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2016. <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1580114/Prince-Harry-provided-air-support-for-UK-troops.html" target="_blank">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1580114/Prince-Harry-provided-air-support-for-UK-troops.html</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Quinn 2012, p. 119. - Quinn, S. (2012). "Forward Air Control...with the RAF Regiment". The Royal Air Force Official Annual Review 2013. Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing (UK MoD). ISSN 1758-9681. <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1758-9681" target="_blank">https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1758-9681</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Joint Commands". Quarterly and Defence Journal 1976. 106: 168. 1976. ISSN 0004-2552. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Coupland, Peter (1997). Straight & True. London: Leo Cooper. p. 114. ISBN 9781473818644. <a href="9781473818644" target="_blank">9781473818644</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>