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SS Kamloops
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<h2 id="the-canaller">The <i>canaller</i></h2> <p>The steamship <i>Kamloops</i> was built by <a href="/facts/Furness_Shipbuilding_Company/n4Lqu1WU">Furness Shipbuilding Co. Ltd.</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> in <a href="/facts/Haverton_Hill/6g18tfRB">Haverton Hill</a>, <a href="/facts/Stockton-on-Tees/45s4wvlD">Stockton-on-Tees</a>, <a href="/facts/County_Durham/JFsQ70Hk">Durham</a>, England, United Kingdom, for Steamships Ltd. of <a href="/facts/Montreal/uQQaWd1b">Montreal</a>, <a href="/facts/Quebec/4hhNvb4t">Quebec</a>, Canada.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> With a length of only 250 feet (75 m) and rated at 2,402 <a href="/facts/Gross_ton/uK5N7oGL">gross tons</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> <i>Kamloops</i> was a relatively small vessel for the <a href="/facts/Great_Lakes/Fd7pDkPX">Great Lakes</a> in the 1920s.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> She was built to fit inside the locks of the Canadian-operated canals of the lower Great Lakes and <a href="/facts/St._Lawrence_River/5DvCUBp4">St. Lawrence River</a> during the years prior to the construction of the <a href="/facts/St._Lawrence_Seaway/bVP7lw6V">St. Lawrence Seaway</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> The ship had two rigged masts and a 1000HP triple expansion steam engine with <a href="/facts/Scotch_boiler/JITMKb6X">Scotch boilers</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p><i>Kamloops</i> completed its sea testing on 5 July 1924, was shipped to <a href="/facts/Copenhagen/58Tl28IX">Copenhagen</a>, Denmark, to pick up freight, then was taken to Montreal and <a href="/facts/Houghton%2c_Michigan/29aeyqea">Houghton</a>, <a href="/facts/Michigan/bCurmfT2">Michigan</a>, United States.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> As a <a href="/facts/Ship_canal/EjVXLpkf">canaller</a>, she carried diversified "package" freight between Canadian ports. Her chief duty was carrying manufactured goods from Montreal up the lakes to <a href="/facts/Thunder_Bay/x63kD6FE">Thunder Bay</a>, <a href="/facts/Ontario/HUkxk5Rf">Ontario</a>, Canada.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> As Canada was still a part of the <a href="/facts/British_Empire/hrsz0j7A">British Empire</a> in the 1920s, the economically fast-growing <a href="/facts/Prairie_Provinces/RLsC6Cn2">Prairie Provinces</a> bought a significant quantity of their manufactured goods from England. Canada's freshwater fleet, including <i>Kamloops</i>, was an essential link in this vein of imperial commerce.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p><p>It is the custom of Great Lakes shipping to try to move as much freight as possible before winter and associated <a href="/facts/Ice/BGvkKFjD">ice</a> conditions bring boat movements to a halt. <i>Kamloops</i>'s owners operated the ship as late into the season as possible: in 1924 it was one of the last vessels to pass through the <a href="/facts/Sault_Ste._Marie_Canal/NLQ74fMp">Sault Ste. Marie Canal</a>, and in 1926 it ended the season stuck in the ice in the <a href="/facts/St._Marys_River_(Michigan%25E2%2580%2593Ontario)/PABpWlvg">St. Mary's River</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> She remained under British registry until 1926 when it was nominally purchased by new owners, Canada Steamship Lines, and re-registered in Canada.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="december-1927">December 1927</h2> <p><i>Kamloops</i> was dispatched up the lakes in late November 1927, carrying a mixed cargo of <a href="/facts/Tar_paper/VeIwcQKm">tar paper</a>, <a href="/facts/Papermaking/XPErFtEk">papermaking</a> machinery, coiled wire for farm fencing, piping, shoes and foodstuffs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> On 1 December, the steamer called at <a href="/facts/Courtright%2c_Ontario/t320NT0c">Courtright, Ontario</a>, to top off its cargo with some bagged salt.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> She then steamed up <a href="/facts/Lake_Huron/DojTfGs2">Lake Huron</a>, passed through the Sault Ste. Marie Canal on 4 December, and faced the challenge of <a href="/facts/Lake_Superior/o6hh85hD">Lake Superior</a>. Unfortunately for <i>Kamloops</i> and other vessels assigned to Lake Superior runs, a massive storm began hammering the lake on 5 December. <i>Kamloops</i>, heavily coated with ice, was last seen steaming towards the southeastern shore of <a href="/facts/Isle_Royale/VmPGSjWK">Isle Royale</a> at dusk on the following day, 6 December.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> The ship, and the twenty-two men and women aboard, were never seen alive again.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p><p>A search for <i>Kamloops</i> began on 12 December, concentrating on the <a href="/facts/Keweenaw_Peninsula/zsyr5SRY">Keweenaw Peninsula</a> and Isle Royale; the search continued until 22 December.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> When the 1928 navigation season opened in April, a further search was made for wreckage from <i>Kamloops</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> In May, fishermen discovered the remains of several crewmembers at Twelve O'Clock Point on Isle Royale (erroneously reported to be on the nearby <a href="/facts/Amygdaloid_Island/lgw3mugT">Amygdaloid Island</a>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> In addition, wreckage from the ship was discovered ashore.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> In June, more bodies were discovered. A more comprehensive search for the wreck and crewmembers was undertaken, but nothing was found.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>Of the nine bodies recovered from <i>Kamloops</i>, five were identified and the remains shipped to next of kin. Four remained unidentified and were buried at Thunder Bay. A collective memorial stone was placed over their gravesite in 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="message-in-a-bottle">Message in a bottle</h2> <p>In December 1928, a trapper working at the mouth of the <a href="/facts/Agawa_River/V7MNslDB">Agawa River</a> found a <a href="/facts/Message_in_a_bottle/4XJAV0Wr">bottled note</a> from Alice Bettridge, a young assistant stewardess who initially survived the sinking of <i>Kamloops</i> and, before she herself perished, wrote, "I am the last one left alive, freezing and starving to death on Isle Royale in Lake Superior. I just want mom and dad to know my fate."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="kamloopstoday"><i>Kamloops</i> today</h2> <p>For fifty years, <i>Kamloops</i> was one of the "Ghost Ships of the Great Lakes", having sunk without a trace.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> However, on 21 August 1977,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> her wreck was discovered northwest of Isle Royale, near what is now known as Kamloops Point, by a group of sport divers carrying out a systematic search for the ship.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> The ship, discovered sitting on the lake bottom under more than 260 feet (79 m) of water,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> is lying on its <a href="/facts/Port_and_starboard/jCqXG8wA">starboard</a> side at the base of an underwater cliff.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> Its detached smokestack lies a short distance away, near the starboard aft cargo mast. Some cargo remains in the holds, while other cargo is strewn around the wreck site.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> There are still human remains aboard the ship, including the remains of a crew member lodged under a stairway in the engine room, nicknamed "Old Whitey".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> Approximately fifty dives were made to <i>Kamloops</i> out of 1,062 dives made to wrecks in the <a href="/facts/Isle_Royale_National_Park/SlcLYXqj">Isle Royale National Park</a> in 2009.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> The exact cause of her sinking remains a mystery.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> </p><p><i>Kamloops</i> features prominently in the novel <i>A Superior Death</i> by <a href="/facts/Nevada_Barr/2CFI0sEs">Nevada Barr</a>. In the novel, the body of a fictional contemporary diver is found together with the historical human remains in the ship's <a href="/facts/Engine_room/qSDW6ezM">engine room</a>. </p> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987), Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.), <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf"><i>Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park</i></a> (PDF), Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (<a href="/facts/United_States_National_Park_Service/KyR15FW6">United States National Park Service</a>/Southwest Cultural Resources Center), <a href="/facts/Santa_Fe%2c_New_Mexico/BJQf3fmj">Santa Fe</a>, <a href="/facts/New_Mexico/wosJCGaW">New Mexico</a>, United States of America: <a href="/facts/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior/uWllgxWx">United States Department of the Interior</a>/<a href="/facts/United_States_Printing_Office/U7CYW2fR">United States Printing Office</a>, archived from <a href="https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 29 June 2020, retrieved 24 June 2021</li> <li>Lenihan, Daniel (1994), Berg, Bob (ed.), <i>Shipwrecks of Isle Royale National Park: The Archeological Survey</i>, <a href="/facts/Duluth%2c_Minnesota/CfICLYGG">Duluth</a>, <a href="/facts/Minnesota/ncgVuC4Q">Minnesota</a>, United States of America: Lake Superior Port Cities, Inc. (LSPC Inc.), <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9780942235180</li> <li>Bowen, Curt; Clark, Mel (1 October 2006), Bowen, Curt L.; Bowen, Linda A.; Rehacek, Jakub; Leigh, Victoria; Rawlings, John (eds.), <a href="http://www.advanceddivermagazine.com/_PDFORDER/isfg/24oeu/ADM%20Issue%2024%20master.pdf">"All Hands Lost: Kamloops • Isle royale • Lake Superior"</a> (PDF), <i>Advanced Diver Magazine</i>, XI (24), <a href="/facts/Bradenton%2c_Florida/l9Iwt93I">Bradenton</a>, <a href="/facts/Florida/cF245A3Q">Florida</a>, United States of America: Advanced Diver Magazine, Inc.: 39–52</li> <li>Daniel Lenihan; Toni Carrell; Thom Holden; C. Patrick Labadie; Larry Murphy; Ken Vrana (1987), Daniel Lenihan (ed.), <a href="https://archive.org/details/submergedcultura87isle"><i>Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park</i></a>, Southwest Cultural Resources Center</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kamloops (ship, 1924). <ul><li><a href="http://www.boatnerd.com/swayze/shipwreck/k.htm">Great Lakes Shipwreck Files</a></li> <li><a href="http://ul.bgsu.edu/cgi-bin/xvsl2.cgi">Historical Collections of the Great Lakes Index: <i>Kamloops</i></a></li> <li><a href="http://www.dalnet.lib.mi.us/gsdl/cgi-bin/library?e=d-000-00---0shipping--00-0-0-0prompt-10---4---Document-dky--0-1l--1-en-50---20-about-morrell--001-011-1-0utfZz-8-0&a=d&c=shipping&cl=CL1.11.5&d=HASH79bf98a9a1e036ecc480bc">University of Detroit Mercy</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Merryman, Ken. "The History of the Kamloops". Fridley, Minnesota: Superior Trips LLC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Merryman, Ken. "The History of the Kamloops". Fridley, Minnesota: Superior Trips LLC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Merryman, Ken. "The History of the Kamloops". Fridley, Minnesota: Superior Trips LLC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Merryman, Ken. "The History of the Kamloops". Fridley, Minnesota: Superior Trips LLC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Boyer, Dwight (1968). "IX. Where is the Kamloops?". In Dodd, Edward H. (ed.). Ghost Ships of the Great Lakes (2nd ed.). New York City, New York, United States of America: Dodd, Mead & Company. pp. 126–141. ISBN 9780396057833. OCLC 1035311246. LOC #68-23094. <a href="9780396057833" target="_blank">9780396057833</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Merryman, Ken. "The History of the Kamloops". Fridley, Minnesota: Superior Trips LLC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200717130547/http://www.superiortrips.com/Kamloops_Shipwreck.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200629021656/https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/ISRO_139_D34_-26687.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Boyer, Dwight (1968). "IX. Where is the Kamloops?". In Dodd, Edward H. (ed.). Ghost Ships of the Great Lakes (2nd ed.). New York City, New York, United States of America: Dodd, Mead & Company. pp. 126–141. ISBN 9780396057833. OCLC 1035311246. LOC #68-23094. <a href="9780396057833" target="_blank">9780396057833</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Carrell, Toni; Holden, Thom; Labadie, C. Patrick; Murphy, Larry; Vrana, Ken; Livingston, Jerry (1987). "Kamloops (IV. Shipwrecks of Isle Royale: The Historical Record)" (PDF). In Lenihan, Daniel J. (ed.). Submerged Cultural Resources Study: Isle Royale National Park. Submerged Cultural Resources Unit (United States National Park Service/Southwest Cultural Resources Center) (Report). Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America: United States Department of the Interior/United States Printing Office. pp. 187–209. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020. 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