Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Outline of production
open-in-new
<h2 id="types">Types</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Industrial_sector/X0sdl2dF">Industry</a> – <a href="/facts/Production_(economics)/G5mF3WkI">production</a> of an <a href="/facts/Economic_good/AtK6gQh2">economic good</a> or <a href="/facts/Service_(economics)/B7L4tR8r">service</a> within an <a href="/facts/Economy/okLWSsEY">economy</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> Industry is divided into four sectors, or types of production; they are:</li></ul> <h3>Primary sector</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Primary_sector_of_the_economy/ghBwWtv5">Primary sector</a> – this involves the extraction of resources directly from the Earth, this includes agricultural and resource extraction industries. In these industries, the product (that is, the focus of production) is a natural resource. <ul><li><a href="/facts/Agriculture/TGztqzJs">Agriculture</a> (<a href="/facts/Outline_of_agriculture/6CmWR9rM">outline</a>) – cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Animal_husbandry/aJforlQp">Animal husbandry</a> – agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Agriculture/TGztqzJs">Farming</a> – cultivating land for the purpose of agricultural production.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Aquaculture/MYdIMfbt">Aquaculture</a> – the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other aquatic organisms.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Forestry/puvod5MV">Forestry</a> (<a href="/facts/Outline_of_forestry/PpNEyawX">outline</a>) – creating, managing, using, and conserving <a href="/facts/Forest/RnMtb31v">forests</a> and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li>Resource extraction – <ul><li><a href="/facts/Fishing/EBVEPvhI">Fishing</a> – activity of catching or harvesting fish and other aquatic animals such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Logging/YnjEaap7">Logging</a> – harvesting timber, including cutting, skidding, on-site processing, and loading trees or logs onto trucks or skeleton cars.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mining/g6uDIFab">Mining</a> (<a href="/facts/Outline_of_mining/ARrLTJtp">outline</a>) – extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Extraction_of_petroleum/GyyC7lTo">Extraction of petroleum</a> – process by which usable petroleum (oil) is extracted and removed from the earth.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Natural_gas/9MYQ7NAP">Extraction of natural gas</a> – Natural gas is commercially extracted from oil fields and natural gas fields.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Water_industry/1Xgk5CCF">Water industry</a> – provides drinking water to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <h3>Secondary sector</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Secondary_sector_of_the_economy/X0sdl2dF">Secondary sector</a> – involves the processing of raw materials from primary industries, and includes the industries that produce a finished, tangible product. <ul><li><a href="/facts/Construction/58eqDhy9">Construction</a> – process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure, including buildings, roads, dams, etc.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Manufacturing/3qW7bcdy">Manufacturing</a> – process which involves tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. Ranges from handicraft to high tech industrial production.</li></ul></li></ul> <h3>Tertiary sector</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Tertiary_sector/IbtKqotL">Tertiary sector</a> – This group is involved in the provision of services. They include teachers, managers and other service providers.</li></ul> <h3>Quaternary sector</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Quaternary_sector/Spj1VmAm">Quaternary sector</a> – the part of the economy that produces knowledge-based services.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Information_industry/eLsgC8Dy">Information industry</a> – <ul><li>Information generation and sharing –</li> <li><a href="/facts/Information_technology/glMzunwe">Information technology</a> –</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Consulting/D0Ta30QV">Consulting</a> services –</li> <li><a href="/facts/Education/WIwsQKF9">Education</a> –</li> <li><a href="/facts/Research_and_development/2h5UddUu">Research and development</a> –</li> <li><a href="/facts/Financial_planning/QD8Wah0B">Financial planning</a> services –</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="goals">Goals</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Product_(business)/l9P9fUJa">Product</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Service_(economics)/B7L4tR8r">Service</a></li></ul> <h3>Productivity</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Productivity_(economics)/yXlzAjC2">Productivity</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Benchmarking/7HKqj6aL">Benchmarking</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Overall_Equipment_Effectiveness/w9JqeBt6">Overall Equipment Effectiveness</a> (OEE)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cost_accounting/oet8Aj4v">Cost accounting</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Experience_curve_effects/eXBVy0Fm">Experience curve effects</a> / <a href="/facts/Vocational_education/vIDzdCs1">Vocational education</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Operations_research/H5yJkV5n">Operations research</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Job_Shop_Scheduling/1JjAvD3m">Scheduling</a> and <a href="/facts/Queuing_theory/8NDl56EM">queuing theory</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Throughput_accounting/tSejSSKw">Throughput accounting</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Time_and_motion_study/uDpdB0aY">Time and motion study</a></li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/History_of_industry/B6E3Fasm">History of industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Industrial_Revolution/B6E3Fasm">Industrial Revolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/History_of_manufacturing/3qW7bcdy">History of manufacturing</a></li></ul> <h3>Theories of production</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Taylorism/rpYYnxuX">Taylorism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fordism/V0yjpMXo">Fordism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Theory_of_Constraints/Xz4qagTL">Theory of Constraints</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Toyotism/cSLEm5Rq">Toyotism</a> (<a href="/facts/Lean_manufacturing/XgQk595B">Lean manufacturing</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="economics">Economics</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Factors_of_production/gDgCQ5ES">Factors of production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Production_theory_basics/G5mF3WkI">Production theory basics</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Outline_of_industrial_organization/k5ru68Ll">Outline of industrial organization</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Production_function/oKnfDAou">Production function</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Production_possibility_frontier/Qtx3Ios6">Production possibility frontier</a></li></ul> <h2 id="manufacturing">Manufacturing</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Manufacturing/3qW7bcdy">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Factory/GPIW0snN">Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/English_system/xKP60BlY">English system</a> of manufacturing</li> <li><a href="/facts/American_system_of_manufacturing/1SCymYCj">American system of manufacturing</a></li> <li>Scale of production <ul><li><a href="/facts/Craft_production/gXpE7d6G">Craft production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mass_production/31Cmgjuc">Mass production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Batch_production/cXFjDSl1">Batch production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Job_production/e4n4yW8v">Job production</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Just_In_Time_(business)/h4dNAj42">Just In Time</a> manufacturing</li> <li><a href="/facts/Toyota_Production_System/cSLEm5Rq">Toyota Production System</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lean_production/XgQk595B">Lean production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Computer-aided_manufacturing/gqYHXcK9">Computer-aided manufacturing</a> (CAM)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mass_customization/UWu7jQ69">Mass customization</a></li></ul> <h3>Product engineering</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Product_engineering/KWa8kxx7">Product engineering</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Industrial_and_manufacturing_engineering/TjInYQeC">Industrial and manufacturing engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Reverse_engineering/pmJCV7J7">Reverse engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Value_engineering/sd7jPdCt">Value engineering</a></li></ul></li></ul> <h4>Product design</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Rapid_prototyping/zYQ6ccPI">Rapid prototyping</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Computer-aided_design/5gSXrmmN">Computer-aided design</a> (CAD)</li> <li><a href="/facts/New_product_development/ogcXTIco">New product development</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Research_and_development/2h5UddUu">Research and development</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Toolkits_for_user_innovation/yIz2cEls">Toolkits for user innovation</a></li></ul> <h3>Production technology</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Industrial_robot/fzf73DVv">Industrial robot</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Computer-aided_manufacturing/gqYHXcK9">Computer-aided manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Computer_Integrated_Manufacturing/v53PMLrk">Computer Integrated Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Production_equipment_control/mzTRc8CE">Production equipment control</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/CNC/B2c7UbaX">Computer numerically controlled</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Distributed_Control_System/8cS2KoMS">Distributed Control System</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fieldbus/kna8UpU3">Fieldbus</a> control system</li> <li><a href="/facts/Programmable_logic_controller/bqh0GAdb">PLCs</a> / <a href="/facts/Programmable_logic_device/7dIVypm9">PLD</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Advanced_Planning_%2526_Scheduling/rvYHldhG">Advanced Planning & Scheduling</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Scheduling_(production_processes)/ChBw19Kb">Scheduling (production processes)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SCADA/nKL6Mfd1">SCADA</a> supervisory control and data acquisition</li> <li><a href="/facts/Computerized_maintenance_management_system/tyIamKJN">computerized maintenance management system</a> (CMMS)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Packaging_and_labeling/QGRXJLjq">Packaging and labeling</a></li></ul> <h4>Machinery</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Machinery/wTCxFRfs">Machinery</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Production_line/o0c24wX8">Production line</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Assembly_line/uENUURd9">Assembly line</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Conveyor_belt/SC1VXcm6">Conveyor belt</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Woodworking_machine/eGFcaIdY">Woodworking machinery</a></li> <li>Metalworking machinery</li> <li><a href="/facts/Textile_machinery/Idul45Xb">Textile machinery</a></li> <li>Equipment manufacturer</li></ul></li></ul> <h4>Machine set-up</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Changeover/5dcR1LY3">Changeover</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Single-Minute_Exchange_of_Die/KshVJIY5">Single-Minute Exchange of Die</a> (SMED)</li> <li>Sequence-dependent setup (mathematical)</li></ul> <h4>Lot size and run length</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Economic_Lot_Scheduling_Problem/cxWjsRas">Economic Lot Scheduling Problem</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Dynamic_lot_size_model/12UdzWM4">Dynamic lot size model</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Economic_order_quantity/kYN1N4MK">Economic order quantity</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Economic_production_quantity/S81pm10W">Economic production quantity</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Economic_batch_quantity/9IHT5cRz">Economic batch quantity</a></li></ul> <h2 id="service-provision">Service provision</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Service_economy/QjJBuCbg">Service economy</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Service_system/556pbtGE">Service system</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Service_design/FY8jPfqy">Service design</a></li></ul> <h2 id="logistics">Logistics</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Logistics/0Hr2w55W">Logistics</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Supply_chain/cApUyx1h">Supply chain</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Supply_chain_management/3bEP00vC">Supply chain management</a></li> <li>Procurement or <a href="/facts/Purchasing/Vk9GPuLm">purchasing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Inventory/vSBu0d9r">Inventory</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Field_inventory_management/0axHmdgl">Inventory management</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Reorder_point/DeJkkC0w">Reorder point</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Just_In_Time_(business)/h4dNAj42">Just In Time</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="process-improvement">Process improvement</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Systems_analysis/2NwqATNQ">Systems analysis</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Chemical_process_modeling/8oIDl5qT">Process modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Process_optimization/2Mu4Vevd">Process optimization</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Quality_(business)/V3IzcDc3">Quality</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Quality_control/lnXbvqvp">Quality control</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Six_Sigma/ctasMp3w">Six Sigma</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Total_Quality_Management/JFSlCQ9B">Total Quality Management</a></li></ul></li> <li>Certification Processes and Awards <ul><li><a href="/facts/ISO_9000/pdaweJBa">ISO 9000</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Malcolm_Baldrige_National_Quality_Award/VGc22eRS">Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award</a> (US)</li> <li>Canada Awards for Excellence (National Quality Institute) (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Deming_Prize/K1yUKGM8">Deming Prize</a> (Japan)</li> <li>Joseph M. Juran Medal (US)</li> <li>Japan Quality Control Medal (Japan)</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Manufacturing portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Division_of_labour/eA9MVGzB">Division of labour</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Economics/HYctA2Dn">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Means_of_production/J7dkhvzF">Means of production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mode_of_production/KNzH0bPk">Mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Modernity/kkpjFrpr">Modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Outline_of_management/4ekC1P8y">Outline of management</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Outline_of_manufacturing/w4CMjvWD">Outline of manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Production_possibility_frontier/Qtx3Ios6">Production possibility frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Productive_and_unproductive_labour/Lrls3Mqd">Productive and unproductive labour</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Productive_forces/kU2E2Coa">Productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Productivity_improving_technologies_(historical)/VqRzEgT5">Productivity improving technologies (historical)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Productivity_model/qSL5Cqo6">Productivity model</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Second_Industrial_Revolution/DVjt8p4f">Second Industrial Revolution</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Productivity <ul><li><a href="http://www.bls.gov/lpc/">Productivity and Costs – Bureau of Labor Statistics</a> <a href="/facts/United_States_Department_of_Labor/VGqS16qJ">United States Department of Labor</a>: contains international comparisons of productivity rates, historical and present</li> <li><a href="http://www.oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_29964795_1_1_1_1_1,00.html">Productivity Statistics - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/BOARDDOCS/SPEECHES/1996/19961016.htm">Greenspan Speech</a></li> <li><a href="http://stats.oecd.org/WBOS/Index.aspx?DatasetCode=LEVEL">OECD estimates of labour productivity levels</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.productivityenhancement.com">Productivity Enhancement Through Business Automation</a></li> <li><a href="http://productivity-science.com">Productivity Science - source for personal and business productivity information</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.slideshare.net/zinnov/productivity-framework-4328654">Productivity Assessment Framework from Zinnov LLC</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Brown, L., and Adam, S. (2006) Marketing, 7th Ed. Pearson Education Australia/Prentice Hall. <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Industry Definition & Meaning". <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/industry" target="_blank">http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/industry</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>International Labour Office (1999). Safety and health in agriculture. International Labour Organization. pp. 77–. ISBN 978-92-2-111517-5. Retrieved 13 September 2010. <a href="978-92-2-111517-5" target="_blank">978-92-2-111517-5</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Forestry." SAF Dictionary of Forestry. The Society of American Foresters, 1998. Helms, John A. <"SAFnet Dictionary | Definition for [forestry]". Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2014-03-15.> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019122343/http://dictionaryofforestry.org/dict/term/forestry" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20131019122343/http://dictionaryofforestry.org/dict/term/forestry</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Tor Selstad (1990). "The rise of the quaternary sector. The regional dimension of knowledge-based services in Norway, 1970-1985". informaworld. ... knowledge-based services ... <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Peter Busch (1967). "Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning". Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning. ISBN 9781599045030. Retrieved 2010-06-17. see page .. The quaternary sector of industry is the sector of industry that involves the intellectual services. That is research, development, and information. <a href="9781599045030" target="_blank">9781599045030</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>