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Labrus
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<h2 id="biology">Biology</h2> <p>Like most wrasses, <i>Labrus</i> species are <a href="/facts/Sequential_hermaphroditism/bmLKYyg6">protogynous</a>, and can undergo sex change from female to male. The form of protogyny differs between species, e.g., <i><a href="/facts/Ballan_wrasse/PXV4no8u">Labrus bergylta</a></i> is monandric (all fish are born female but can develop into males), while <i><a href="/facts/Cuckoo_wrasse/0oAgJQJR">Labrus mixtus</a></i> is diandric (individuals can be born either male or female, and females can develop into males).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> <i>L. mixtus</i> is sexually dimorphic in colouration, while <i>L. bergylta</i> is not.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="species">Species</h2> <p>The four currently recognized species in this genus are:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Common name</th><th>Terminal phase</th></tr><tr><td><i><a href="/facts/Labrus_bergylta/PXV4no8u">Labrus bergylta</a></i><p><a href="/facts/Peter_Ascanius/rKq981lz">Ascanius</a>, 1767</p></td><td>Ballan wrasse</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i><a href="/facts/Labrus_merula/fNY2ma6G">Labrus merula</a></i><p><a href="/facts/Carl_Linnaeus/gy5HWkHS">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/facts/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae/8H6KJrLJ">1758</a></p></td><td>brown wrasse</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i><a href="/facts/Labrus_mixtus/0oAgJQJR">Labrus mixtus</a></i><p><a href="/facts/Carl_Linnaeus/gy5HWkHS">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/facts/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae/8H6KJrLJ">1758</a></p></td><td>cuckoo wrasse</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i><a href="/facts/Labrus_viridis/Aanx1Bpx">Labrus viridis</a></i><p><a href="/facts/Carl_Linnaeus/gy5HWkHS">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/facts/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae/8H6KJrLJ">1758</a></p></td><td>green wrasse</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="fossil-record">Fossil record</h2> <p>Fossils of <i>Labrus</i> are found from the <a href="/facts/Eocene/EYgI8Uco">Eocene</a> to the <a href="/facts/Quaternary/3cEgHAqc">Quaternary</a> (age range: from 55.8 to 0.781 million years ago.). They are known from various localities of <a href="/facts/France/CxIeIKM3">France</a>, <a href="/facts/Italy/tUf0PDYF">Italy</a> and the <a href="/facts/United_Kingdom/kuPAILt2">United Kingdom</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Labrus. <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Labrus". FishBase. August 2013 version. <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" target="_blank">/wiki/Rainer_Froese</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Dipper, F. A.; Pullin, R. S. V. (1979). "Gonochorism and sex-inversion in British Labridae (Pisces)". Journal of Zoology. 187 (1): 97–112. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb07716.x. ISSN 1469-7998. <a href="https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb07716.x" target="_blank">https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb07716.x</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Villegas-Ríos, David; Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre; Domínguez-Petit, Rosario; Saborido-Rey, Fran (2013). "Intraspecific variability in reproductive patterns in the temperate hermaphrodite fish, Labrus bergylta". Marine and Freshwater Research. 64 (12): 1156. doi:10.1071/MF12362. ISSN 1323-1650. <a href="http://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=MF12362" target="_blank">http://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=MF12362</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Dipper, F. A.; Pullin, R. S. V. (1979). "Gonochorism and sex-inversion in British Labridae (Pisces)". Journal of Zoology. 187 (1): 97–112. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb07716.x. ISSN 1469-7998. <a href="https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb07716.x" target="_blank">https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb07716.x</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Labrus". FishBase. August 2013 version. <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" target="_blank">/wiki/Rainer_Froese</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Paleobiology Database <a href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36063" target="_blank">https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36063</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>