Gleam (programming language)

<h2 id="history">History</h2>
<p>The first numbered version of Gleam was released on April 15, 2019.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Compiling to JavaScript was introduced with version v0.16.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> 
</p><p>In 2023 the Erlang Ecosystem Foundation funded the creation of a course for learning Gleam on the learning platform <a href="/facts/Exercism/Agj1gnqb">Exercism</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a>
</p><p>Version v1.0.0 was released on March 4, 2024.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a>
</p>
<h2 id="features">Features</h2>
<p>Gleam includes the following features, many common to other functional programming languages:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Result_type/16XGwJzv">Result type</a> for error handling</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Immutable_object/Gsoq1bba">Immutable objects</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Algebraic_data_type/Fn9KhnAb">Algebraic data types</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Pattern_matching/CEwptMs9">Pattern matching</a></li>
<li>No <a href="/facts/Null_pointer/66zwVEfL">null pointers</a></li>
<li>No <a href="/facts/Implicit_type_conversion/FuPD945T">implicit type conversions</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="example">Example</h2>
<p>A <a href="/facts/%2522Hello%2c_World!%2522_program/vLn0jLlL">"Hello, World!"</a> example:
</p>
import gleam/io

pub fn main() {
  io.println("hello, world!")
}
<p>Gleam supports <a href="/facts/Tail_call/oLX6hfm3">tail call</a> optimization:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a>
</p>
pub fn factorial(x: Int) -> Int {
  // The public function calls the private tail recursive function
  factorial_loop(x, 1)
}

fn factorial_loop(x: Int, accumulator: Int) -> Int {
  case x {
    1 -> accumulator

// The last thing this function does is call itself
    _ -> factorial_loop(x - 1, accumulator * x)
  }
}
<h2 id="implementation">Implementation</h2>
<p>Gleam's toolchain is implemented in the <a href="/facts/Rust_(programming_language)/8JNMV19F">Rust programming language</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> The toolchain is a single native binary executable which contains the compiler, build tool, package manager, source code formatter, and <a href="/facts/Language_Server_Protocol/V3pfPpGw">language server</a>. A <a href="/facts/WebAssembly/7ukwnxY9">WebAssembly</a> binary containing the Gleam compiler is also available, enabling Gleam code to be compiled within a web browser.
</p>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://gleam.run/">Official website</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/gleam-lang">Gleam-lang</a> on <a href="/facts/GitHub/n1hNCsc3">GitHub</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>"Gleam Homepage". 2024. <a href="https://gleam.run/" target="_blank">https://gleam.run/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Krill, Paul (March 5, 2024). "Gleam language available in first stable release". InfoWorld. Retrieved March 26, 2024. <a href="https://www.infoworld.com/article/3713460/gleam-language-available-in-first-stable-release.html" target="_blank">https://www.infoworld.com/article/3713460/gleam-language-available-in-first-stable-release.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>Eastman, David (June 22, 2024). "Introduction to Gleam, a New Functional Programming Language". The New Stack. Retrieved July 29, 2024. <a href="https://thenewstack.io/introduction-to-gleam-a-new-functional-programming-language/" target="_blank">https://thenewstack.io/introduction-to-gleam-a-new-functional-programming-language/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>De Simone, Sergio (March 16, 2024). "Erlang-Runtime Statically-Typed Functional Language Gleam Reaches 1.0". InfoQ. Retrieved March 26, 2024. <a href="https://www.infoq.com/news/2024/03/gleam-erlang-virtual-machine-1-0/" target="_blank">https://www.infoq.com/news/2024/03/gleam-erlang-virtual-machine-1-0/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>Getting to know Actors in Gleam – Raúl Chouza. Code BEAM America. March 27, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024 – via YouTube. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaHx6n2UZJg" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaHx6n2UZJg</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:6"><p>"Introducing the Gleam package index – Gleam". gleam.run. Retrieved May 7, 2024. <a href="https://gleam.run//news/introducing-the-gleam-package-index/" target="_blank">https://gleam.run//news/introducing-the-gleam-package-index/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:7"><p>"Hello, Gleam! – Gleam". gleam.run. Retrieved May 6, 2024. <a href="https://gleam.run//news/hello-gleam/" target="_blank">https://gleam.run//news/hello-gleam/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:8"><p>"v0.16 – Gleam compiles to JavaScript! – Gleam". gleam.run. Retrieved May 7, 2024. <a href="https://gleam.run//news/v0.16-gleam-compiles-to-javascript/" target="_blank">https://gleam.run//news/v0.16-gleam-compiles-to-javascript/</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:9"><p>Alistair, Woodman (December 2023). "Erlang Ecosystem Foundation Annual General Meeting 2023 Chair's Report". <a href="https://erlef.org/public_records/" target="_blank">https://erlef.org/public_records/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:10"><p>"Gleam version 1 – Gleam". gleam.run. Retrieved May 7, 2024. <a href="https://gleam.run//news/gleam-version-1/" target="_blank">https://gleam.run//news/gleam-version-1/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:11"><p>Eastman, David (June 22, 2024). "Introduction to Gleam, a New Functional Programming Language". The New Stack. Retrieved July 29, 2024. <a href="https://thenewstack.io/introduction-to-gleam-a-new-functional-programming-language/" target="_blank">https://thenewstack.io/introduction-to-gleam-a-new-functional-programming-language/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:12"><p>"Tail Calls". The Gleam Language Tour. Retrieved March 26, 2024. <a href="https://tour.gleam.run/flow-control/tail-calls/" target="_blank">https://tour.gleam.run/flow-control/tail-calls/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:13"><p>"gleam-lang/gleam". Gleam. May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024. <a href="https://github.com/gleam-lang/gleam" target="_blank">https://github.com/gleam-lang/gleam</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

Gleam (programming language) open-in-new

Gleam (programming language)