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ST segment
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<h2 id="interpretation">Interpretation</h2> <ul><li>The normal ST segment has a slight upward concavity.</li> <li>Flat, downsloping, or depressed ST segments may indicate <a href="/facts/Coronary_ischemia/B9ern6SW">coronary ischemia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/ST_elevation/UfLJJvK0">ST elevation</a> may indicate transmural <a href="/facts/Myocardial_infarction/xoGw0qcG">myocardial infarction</a>. An elevation of >1mm and longer than 80 milliseconds following the <a href="/facts/J-point/Pehk2szJ">J-point</a>. This measure has a <a href="/facts/False_positive/jkC44hML">false positive</a> rate of 15-20% (which is slightly higher in women than men) and a <a href="/facts/False_negative/jkC44hML">false negative</a> rate of 20–30%.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/ST_depression/APW0zPu2">ST depression</a> may be associated with subendocardial <a href="/facts/Myocardial_infarction/xoGw0qcG">myocardial infarction</a>, <a href="/facts/Hypokalemia/XvS1S7s6">hypokalemia</a>, or <a href="/facts/Digitalis_toxicity/b2AlpMdn">digitalis toxicity</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="in-fetal-monitoring">In fetal monitoring</h2> <p>In <a href="/facts/Fetal_electrocardiography/YpVswJ0W">fetal electrocardiography</a>, ST waveform analysis (sometimes abbreviated STAN) is used to get an indication of increasing levels of fetal <a href="/facts/Base_deficit/XeUog8Bf">base deficit</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Sabatine MS (2000). Pocket Medicine (Pocket Notebook). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-1649-7. <a href="0-7817-1649-7" target="_blank">0-7817-1649-7</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Reading an EKG". uab.edu. 2010-03-25. Archived from the original on 2010-03-25. Retrieved 2021-11-04. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100325192700/http://www.uab.edu/emig/yellow_book/yb_reading_ekg.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100325192700/http://www.uab.edu/emig/yellow_book/yb_reading_ekg.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Mansano, R. Z.; Beall, M. H.; Ross, M. G. (2007). "Fetal ST segment heart rate analysis in labor: Improvement of intervention criteria using interpolated base deficit". Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 20 (1): 47–52. doi:10.1080/14767050601055279. PMID 17437199. S2CID 10815181. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>