Practitioner–scholar model

<h2 id="model">Model</h2>
<h3>Creation</h3>
<p>In 1973, a new clinical psychology training model was proposed at the historic Vail Conference on Professional Training in Psychology in <a href="/facts/Vail%2c_Colorado/4WYWf2FE">Vail, Colorado</a>—the practitioner-scholar model—providing yet another path of training for those primarily interested in clinical practice.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a>
Prior to this, in 1949, a ground breaking <a href="/facts/Boulder_conference/bYNaD5Nm">conference</a> was held in <a href="/facts/Boulder%2c_Colorado/nlzuFHN2">Boulder, Colorado</a>, endorsing a model of study for clinicians that to this day has dominated clinical programs at most University based institutions: the <a href="/facts/Scientist%25E2%2580%2593practitioner_model/bYNaD5Nm">scientist–practitioner model</a>, designed to provide a rigorous grounding in research methods and a breadth of exposure to clinical psychology.  Before this, <a href="/facts/Research_scientist/JDvthEFM">research scientists</a> had dominated the field of psychological work, and this second, new model, known as the 'Vail' model, called for more practitioner-oriented course work.
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<h3>Features</h3>
<p>Several features differentiate the practitioner-scholar model from the other two (scientist-practitioner & clinical-scientist models):<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a>
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<ul><li>Training in this model is more strongly focused on clinical practice than either of the other two.</li>
<li>Many (but not all) of these training programs grant a <a href="/facts/Psy.D./vRbE9zJs">Psy.D.</a> degree rather than a Ph.D. or Ed.D.</li>
<li>Admissions criteria may place more of an emphasis on personal qualities of the applicants or clinically related work experience.</li>
<li>Accepts a much larger number of students than the typical Ph.D. degree.</li>
<li>These programs are typically housed in a greater variety of institutional settings than are research scientist or scientist-practitioner programs.</li></ul>
<p>Like scientist-practitioner training, practitioner-scholar training is characterized by core courses in both basic and applied psychology, supervision during extensive clinical experience, and research consumption.  Both require predoctoral internships that are usually full-time appointments in universities, medical centers, community mental health centers, or hospitals.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a>
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<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Participant_observation/Lf1rq4d0">Participant observation</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Qualitative_research/po7v42yR">Qualitative research</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Association, American (2007). Getting in. Washington: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1-59147-799-0. <a href="978-1-59147-799-0" target="_blank">978-1-59147-799-0</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Association, American (2007). Getting in. Washington: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1-59147-799-0. <a href="978-1-59147-799-0" target="_blank">978-1-59147-799-0</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>Association, American (2007). Getting in. Washington: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1-59147-799-0. <a href="978-1-59147-799-0" target="_blank">978-1-59147-799-0</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>Association, American (2007). Getting in. Washington: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1-59147-799-0. <a href="978-1-59147-799-0" target="_blank">978-1-59147-799-0</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

Practitioner–scholar model open-in-new

Practitioner–scholar model