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Ontong Java Plateau
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<h2 id="geological-setting">Geological setting</h2> <p>The OJP covers 1.5 million km2 (580,000 sq mi), roughly the size of Alaska. It reaches up to 1,700 m (5,600 ft) below sea level but has an average depth closer to 2,000–3,000 m (6,600–9,800 ft). It is bounded by Lyra Basin to the northwest, East Mariana Basin to the north, Nauru Basin to the northeast, and the Ellice Basin to the southeast. The OJP has collided with the Solomon Islands island arc and now lies on the inactive <a href="/facts/Vitiaz_Trench/0FSBkQ0X">Vitiaz Trench</a> and the <a href="/facts/Pacific_Plate/9HGyMMaN">Pacific</a>–<a href="/facts/Australian_Plate/H5M0HFt5">Australian</a> plate boundary.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>The high plateau, with a crustal thickness estimated to at least 25 km (16 mi) but probably closer to 36 km (22 mi),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> has a volume of more than 5 million km3 (1.2 million cu mi). The maximum extent of the event can, however, be much larger since lavas in several surrounding basins are closely related to the OJP event and probably represent dike swarms associated with the formation of the OJP.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> These swarms or eruptions involved the Ontong Java-<a href="/facts/Manihiki_Plateau/TVY3j9xB">Manihiki</a>-<a href="/facts/Hikurangi_Plateau/bktnDS1o">Hikurangi</a> plateaus. <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> <p>The OJP <a href="/facts/Basalt/uhbwGPTb">basaltic</a> basement is four <a href="/facts/Tholeiitic_magma_series/e93b58Nj">tholeiitic magma series</a> called the Kwaimbaita, Kroenke, Singgalo, and Wairahito.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> All except the Singgalo are isotopically identical so they are likely from the same <a href="/facts/Mantle_(geology)/RpDdtjCr">mantle</a> source.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> It can be assumed that the Singgalo basalts have a different mantle source to the rest. The Kwaimbaita basalts are dominant and in stratigraphic series the oldest.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="tectonic-evolution">Tectonic evolution</h2> <p>OJP formed quickly over a <a href="/facts/Mantle_plume/wLXJ0Q4a">mantle plume</a> head, most likely the then newly formed <a href="/facts/Louisville_hotspot/48gePPcB">Louisville hotspot</a>, followed by limited volcanism for at least 30 million years. The extant seamounts of the <a href="/facts/Louisville_Ridge/tKUDa5gl">Louisville Ridge</a> started to form 70 Ma and have a different <a href="/facts/Isotope/KD9B1y6o">isotopic</a> composition, and therefore a shift in intensity and magma supply in the plume must have occurred before that.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p><p>The early, short-duration eruptions of OJP were thought to coincide with the global <a href="/facts/Anoxic_event/522Mb4vU">Early Aptian oceanic anoxic event</a> (known as OAE1a or the Selli Event, 125.0–124.6 Ma) that led to the deposition of black <a href="/facts/Shale/bsIhqY5F">shales</a> during the interval 124–122 Ma. However, dating of the basalts to between 117 and 108 Ma makes this unlikely.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> There are still unresolved dates by two other research groups that are 4 Ma older so the potential association is not totally eliminated,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> but all OJP lavas are normally magnetized so are presumably dated after the <a href="/facts/Geomagnetic_reversal/dsINRz5g">Cretaceous Normal Superchron</a> (C34, CNS) began at 120.964 Ma<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> Additionally, isotopic records of seawater in sediments have been associated with the 90 Ma OJP submarine eruptions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> About 80% of the OJP is being <a href="/facts/Subduction/rkasNdTo">subducted</a> beneath the Solomon Islands. Only the uppermost 7 km (4.3 mi) of the crust is preserved on the Australian Plate.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> This collision has <a href="/facts/Tectonic_uplift/fUV9G289">lifted</a> some of the OJP between 200 and 2,000 m (660–6,560 ft) above sea level. The construction of Pliocene stratovolcanoes in the western end of the convergence zone has resulted in the <a href="/facts/New_Georgia_Islands/tllKBJfV">New Georgia Islands</a> (1,768 m, 5,801 ft) and <a href="/facts/Bougainville_Island/fwT7am3R">Bougainville Island</a> (2,743 m, 8,999 ft). Shortening, uplift, and erosion of the northern Melanesian arc and the Malaita <a href="/facts/Accretionary_prism/pxhYcVyC">accretionary prism</a> at deep levels has produced <a href="/facts/Guadalcanal/K9dJwons">Guadalcanal</a> (2,447 m, 8,028 ft), <a href="/facts/Makira/jQcoj6NC">Makira</a> (1,250 m, 4,100 ft), and <a href="/facts/Malaita/yyaaHpKJ">Malaita</a> (1,251 m, 4,104 ft).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h3>Notes</h3> <h3>Sources</h3> <ul><li>Mahoney, J. J.; Storey, M.; Duncan, R. A.; Spencer, K. J.; Pringle, M. (1993). <a href="http://www.mantleplumes.org/WebDocuments/Mahoney93_GeoMon77.pdf">"Geochemistry and age of the Ontong Java Plateau"</a> (PDF). <i>The Mesozoic Pacific: geology, tectonics, and volcanism</i>. Geophys. Monogr. Ser. Vol. 77. Washington, D. C.: Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. pp. 233–261. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993GMS....77..233M">1993GMS....77..233M</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2FGM077p0233">10.1029/GM077p0233</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-87590-036-0. Retrieved 17 December 2016.</li> <li>Mann, P.; Taira, A. (2004). <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223180444">"Global tectonic significance of the Solomon Islands and Ontong Java Plateau convergent zone"</a>. <i>Tectonophysics</i>. 389 (3): 137–190. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Tectp.389..137M">2004Tectp.389..137M</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tecto.2003.10.024">10.1016/j.tecto.2003.10.024</a>. Retrieved 18 December 2016.</li> <li>Neal, C. R.; Mahoney, J. J.; Kroenke, L. W.; Duncan, R. A.; Petterson, M. G. (1997). <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf">"The Ontong Java Plateau"</a> (PDF). In Mahoney, J. J.; Coffin, F. (eds.). <i>Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism</i>. Geophys. Monogr. Ser. Vol. 100. Washington D.C.: Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. pp. 183–216. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997GMS...100..183N">1997GMS...100..183N</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2FGM100p0183">10.1029/GM100p0183</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781118664346. Archived from <a href="http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016.</li> <li>Rizo, H. (September 2016). <a href="http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/16sep">"September 2016 LIP of the Month: Phanerozoic Large Igneous Provinces sample remnants of early differentiation events on Earth"</a>. Large Igneous Provinces Commission. Retrieved 14 April 2017.</li> <li>Tarduno, J. A.; Mayer, H.; Winterer, E. L.; Sliter, W. V.; Kroenke, L.; Mahoney, J. J.; Leckie, M.; Musgrave, R.; Storey, M. (1991). <a href="http://www.mantleplumes.org/WebDocuments/Tarduno91_Science.pdf">"Rapid formation of Ontong Java Plateau by Aptian mantle plume volcanism"</a> (PDF). <i>Science</i>. 254 (5030): 399–403. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991Sci...254..399T">1991Sci...254..399T</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.254.5030.399">10.1126/science.254.5030.399</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17742226">17742226</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7627426">7627426</a>. Retrieved 17 December 2016.</li> <li>Taylor, Brian (31 January 2006). "The single largest oceanic plateau: Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi". <i>Earth and Planetary Science Letters</i>. 241 (3–4): 372–380. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006E&PSL.241..372T">2006E&PSL.241..372T</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2005.11.049">10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.049</a>. <ul><li><a href="http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/06feb">"February 2006 LIP of the Month"</a>. <i>Large Igneous Provinces Commission</i>. 6 February 2006.</li></ul></li> <li>Tejada, M. L. G.; Suzuki, K.; Kuroda, J.; Coccioni, R.; Mahoney, J. J.; Ohkouchi, N.; Sakamoto, T.; Tatsumi, Y. (2009). <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240669852">"Ontong Java Plateau eruption as a trigger for the early Aptian oceanic anoxic event"</a>. <i>Geology</i>. 37 (9): 855–858. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009Geo....37..855T">2009Geo....37..855T</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1130%2FG25763A.1">10.1130/G25763A.1</a>. Retrieved 17 December 2016.</li> <li>Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". <i>Science</i>. 380 (6650): 1185–1188. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D">2023Sci...380.1185D</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.ade8666">10.1126/science.ade8666</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37319200">37319200</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:259166067">259166067</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Fitton, J. G.; Mahoney, J. J.; Wallace, P. J.; Saunders, A. D. (2004). <a href="http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/229/1/1.full.pdf+html"><i>Origin & Evolution of the Ontong Java Plateau: introduction</i></a> (PDF). Vol. 229. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. p. 1. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004GSLSP.229....1F">2004GSLSP.229....1F</a>. <a href="/facts/CiteSeerX_(identifier)/SceDmd3c">CiteSeerX</a> <a href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.560.1753">10.1.1.560.1753</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1144%2FGSL.SP.2004.229.01.01">10.1144/GSL.SP.2004.229.01.01</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-86239-157-4. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129614562">129614562</a>. Retrieved 17 December 2016.(<a href="/facts/Ocean_Drilling_Program/boJEkzYg">Ocean Drilling Program</a>: <a href="http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/192_SR/192TOC.HTM">Volume 192 Scientific Results</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Davidson et al. 2023, Sections:Editor's summary, Abstract - Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". Science. 380 (6650): 1185–1188. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1185D. doi:10.1126/science.ade8666. PMID 37319200. S2CID 259166067. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Taylor, B. (2006). "The single largest oceanic plateau: Ontong Java–Manihiki–Hikurangi" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 241 (3–4): 372–380. Bibcode:2006E&PSL.241..372T. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.049. Retrieved 28 July 2019. <a href="http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/sites/default/files/06TaylorOJMHP.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/sites/default/files/06TaylorOJMHP.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Rizo 2016 - Rizo, H. (September 2016). "September 2016 LIP of the Month: Phanerozoic Large Igneous Provinces sample remnants of early differentiation events on Earth". Large Igneous Provinces Commission. Retrieved 14 April 2017. <a href="http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/16sep" target="_blank">http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/16sep</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Tarduno et al. 1991, p. 401 - Tarduno, J. A.; Mayer, H.; Winterer, E. L.; Sliter, W. V.; Kroenke, L.; Mahoney, J. J.; Leckie, M.; Musgrave, R.; Storey, M. (1991). "Rapid formation of Ontong Java Plateau by Aptian mantle plume volcanism" (PDF). Science. 254 (5030): 399–403. Bibcode:1991Sci...254..399T. doi:10.1126/science.254.5030.399. PMID 17742226. S2CID 7627426. Retrieved 17 December 2016. <a href="http://www.mantleplumes.org/WebDocuments/Tarduno91_Science.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.mantleplumes.org/WebDocuments/Tarduno91_Science.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Neal et al. 1997, Physical features and gross structure of the OJP, pp. 184–187 - Neal, C. R.; Mahoney, J. J.; Kroenke, L. W.; Duncan, R. A.; Petterson, M. G. (1997). "The Ontong Java Plateau" (PDF). In Mahoney, J. J.; Coffin, F. (eds.). Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism. Geophys. Monogr. Ser. Vol. 100. Washington D.C.: Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. pp. 183–216. Bibcode:1997GMS...100..183N. doi:10.1029/GM100p0183. ISBN 9781118664346. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Neal, Clive R.; Mahoney, John J.; Kroenke, Loren W.; Duncan, Robert A.; Petterson, Michael G. (2013-03-18), "The Ontong Java Plateau", Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism, American Geophysical Union, pp. 183–216, doi:10.1029/gm100p0183, ISBN 978-1-118-66434-6 <a href="978-1-118-66434-6" target="_blank">978-1-118-66434-6</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Neal et al. 1997, Physical features and gross structure of the OJP, pp. 184–187 - Neal, C. R.; Mahoney, J. J.; Kroenke, L. W.; Duncan, R. A.; Petterson, M. G. (1997). "The Ontong Java Plateau" (PDF). In Mahoney, J. J.; Coffin, F. (eds.). Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism. Geophys. Monogr. Ser. Vol. 100. Washington D.C.: Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. pp. 183–216. Bibcode:1997GMS...100..183N. doi:10.1029/GM100p0183. ISBN 9781118664346. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Neal, Clive R.; Mahoney, John J.; Kroenke, Loren W.; Duncan, Robert A.; Petterson, Michael G. (2013-03-18), "The Ontong Java Plateau", Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism, American Geophysical Union, pp. 183–216, doi:10.1029/gm100p0183, ISBN 978-1-118-66434-6 <a href="978-1-118-66434-6" target="_blank">978-1-118-66434-6</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Davidson et al. 2023, Sections:Supplementary Text:Sampled stratigraphy - Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". Science. 380 (6650): 1185–1188. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1185D. doi:10.1126/science.ade8666. PMID 37319200. S2CID 259166067. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Neal et al. 1997, Physical features and gross structure of the OJP, pp. 184–187 - Neal, C. R.; Mahoney, J. J.; Kroenke, L. W.; Duncan, R. A.; Petterson, M. G. (1997). "The Ontong Java Plateau" (PDF). In Mahoney, J. J.; Coffin, F. (eds.). Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism. Geophys. Monogr. Ser. Vol. 100. Washington D.C.: Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. pp. 183–216. Bibcode:1997GMS...100..183N. doi:10.1029/GM100p0183. ISBN 9781118664346. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20170101204714/http://www3.nd.edu/~icpmslab/pdfs/OJP_Paper.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Neal, Clive R.; Mahoney, John J.; Kroenke, Loren W.; Duncan, Robert A.; Petterson, Michael G. (2013-03-18), "The Ontong Java Plateau", Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism, American Geophysical Union, pp. 183–216, doi:10.1029/gm100p0183, ISBN 978-1-118-66434-6 <a href="978-1-118-66434-6" target="_blank">978-1-118-66434-6</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Taylor, B. (2006). "The single largest oceanic plateau: Ontong Java–Manihiki–Hikurangi" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 241 (3–4): 372–380. Bibcode:2006E&PSL.241..372T. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.049. Retrieved 28 July 2019. <a href="http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/sites/default/files/06TaylorOJMHP.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.largeigneousprovinces.org/sites/default/files/06TaylorOJMHP.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Davidson et al. 2023, Sections:Supplementary Text:Geochemistry of dredge samples - Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". Science. 380 (6650): 1185–1188. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1185D. doi:10.1126/science.ade8666. PMID 37319200. S2CID 259166067. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Davidson et al. 2023, Sections:Supplementary Text:Geochemistry of dredge samples - Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". Science. 380 (6650): 1185–1188. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1185D. doi:10.1126/science.ade8666. PMID 37319200. S2CID 259166067. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Davidson et al. 2023, Sections:Supplementary Text:Geochemistry of dredge samples - Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". Science. 380 (6650): 1185–1188. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1185D. doi:10.1126/science.ade8666. PMID 37319200. S2CID 259166067. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Sci...380.1185D</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Davidson et al. 2023, Sections:Supplementary Material:Figure S5 - Davidson, P. C.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Sano, T.; Hanyu, T. (2023). "A younger and protracted emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau". 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