Reference management software

<h2 id="citation-creators">Citation creators</h2>
<p>Citation creators or citation generators are online tools which facilitate the creation of <a href="/facts/Citation/V9cIWxl8">works cited</a> and <a href="/facts/Bibliographies/xul38mej">bibliographies</a>. Citation creators use <a href="/facts/Web_form/9Ivp2peo">web forms</a> to take input and format the output according to guidelines and standards, such as the <a href="/facts/Modern_Language_Association/jJzFsTIV">Modern Language Association</a>'s <a href="/facts/MLA_Style_Manual/8vDr1ffn">MLA Style Manual</a>, <a href="/facts/American_Psychological_Association/907fEfuc">American Psychological Association</a>'s <a href="/facts/APA_style/AwII8cVl">APA style</a>, <a href="/facts/The_Chicago_Manual_of_Style/7g2EwHGA">The Chicago Manual of Style</a>, or <a href="/facts/Turabian/GUvXGAKJ">Turabian</a> format. Some citation creators generate only run-time output, while others store the citation data for later use.
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<h2 id="in-different-academic-fields">In different academic fields</h2>

<h3>Research on software usage</h3>
<p>In 2013, a comparison of usage of <a href="/facts/EndNote/0nklp8zk">EndNote</a>, <a href="/facts/RefWorks/jP7Jc5GI">RefWorks</a>, and <a href="/facts/Zotero/aGQ9tnEA">Zotero</a> among the legal scholars at the Oxford University Law Faculty was performed by survey. 0% of survey participants used RefWorks; 40% used Endnote; 17% used Zotero, mostly research students. The difficulty of using RefWorks, Endnote, and Zotero by Oxford legal scholars was estimated by the author as well. A comparison of these tools for legal scholars was made across several usage scenarios, including: installing and setting up <a href="/facts/Oxford_Standard_for_Citation_of_Legal_Authorities/eCgNywao">OSCOLA citation style</a>; building a personal legal bibliographic library and using extracting metadata from legal bibliographic databases; generating footnotes and bibliographies for academic publications; using and modifying OSCOLA citation style.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> In the same year, a survey conducted at the <a href="/facts/University_of_Turin/tGp1qqGC">University of Turin</a> found that knowledge of software was high but adoption was not, and the most known and used software was EndNote.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a>
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<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_reference_management_software/e1pVVElY">Comparison of reference management software</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/COinS/xVw2Qm0x">COinS</a> – method to embed bibliographic metadata in the HTML code of web pages</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Z39.50/Ilb9U6EA">Z39.50</a> – international standard client–server, application layer communications protocol for searching and retrieving information from a database over a TCP/IP computer network; widely used in library environments</li></ul>

<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Beel, Joeran (2013-10-14). <a href="https://isg.beel.org/blog/2013/10/14/what-makes-a-bad-reference-manager/">"What makes a bad reference manager?"</a>. <i>Intelligent Systems Group, University of Siegen</i>. Retrieved 2016-09-08.</li>
<li>Fenner, Martin; Scheliga, Kaja; Bartling, Sönke (2014). "Reference management". In Bartling, Sönke; Friesike, Sascha (eds.). <i>Opening Science: The Evolving Guide on How the Internet Is Changing Research, Collaboration and Scholarly Publishing</i>. New York: <a href="/facts/Springer-Verlag/nAesf6nT">Springer-Verlag</a>. pp. 125–137. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-00026-8_8">10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8_8</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9783319000251. <a href="/facts/OCLC_(identifier)/Yqad8waq">OCLC</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/871176030">871176030</a>.</li>
<li>Universitätsbibliothek Technische Universität München (February 2025). <a href="https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1320978">"Reference management software comparison"</a>. Retrieved 2025-02-17.</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>For example: "Z39.50 Gateway to Library Catalogs". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2023-05-08. And: "Z-BRARY – Directory of Z39.50 and SRU Targets". z-brary.com. Retrieved 2023-05-08. <a href="https://www.loc.gov/z3950/" target="_blank">https://www.loc.gov/z3950/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Meredith, Sandra (2013-01-21). "Critical review of referencing software when used with OSCOLA". European Journal of Law and Technology. 4 (1). doi:10.2139/ssrn.2184098. ISSN 2042-115X. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>Francese, Enrico (2013). "Usage of Reference Management Software at the University of Torino". JLIS.it. 4 (2). University of Florence. doi:10.4403/jlis.it-8679. Retrieved 2022-06-04. <a href="https://www.jlis.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/244" target="_blank">https://www.jlis.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/244</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
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Reference management software open-in-new

Reference management software